分配正义、权利正义与权力的正当性——从司法审查的视角看罗尔斯与诺齐克的正义之争

司法审查的真正目的,并不在于审查公共权力是否应当为了改善经济处境最差者的境遇,而对社会资源进行重新分配,而是审查在实行分配正义的过程中,公共权力与政府行为本身的正当性。通过对权力正当性的司法审查,可以调和经济领域中的自由与平等的关系。我们需要的是一种自由基础上的公平正义观,并致力于在意识形态、制度与公共政策三个向度上,实现自由基础上的公平正义。     

略论罗伯特·基欧汉的“权力”思想

"权力"是罗伯特·基欧汉国际政治理论中的重要内容,与现实主义的"权力"理论不同,罗伯特·基欧汉的"权力"思想不是建立在无政府状态的"均势"基础上,而是以相互依赖为分析框架,罗伯特·基欧汉的"权力"思想既包括了"硬权力",也包括了"软权力";既包括了有形的物质力量,也包括无形的非物质力量;基欧汉的"权力"思想,揭示了"权力"的最终目的是国家的经济利益。因此,罗伯特·基欧汉的"权力"思想是对现实主义"权力"理论的重要补充。     

Black Ethnographic Activists: Exploring Robert Park,Scientific Racism,The Chicago School,and FBI Files Through the Black Sociological Experience of Charles S. Johnson and E. Franklin Frazier

Charles S. Johnson and E. Franklin Frazier were successful Black sociologists from the 1920s to 1960s, working in an age of scientific racism and eugenics, who battled racial oppression, racist discrimination, and surveillance under the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Both struggled within and against the assimilationist paradigm, yet their ethnographic and critical insights speak out today with continuing relevance in the fight against practical and institutional racial injustice. This study selectively examines Johnson and Frazier's academic careers as forgotten ethnographer activists who have been largely excluded from the dominant narrative of the Chicago School of Sociology. This article argues Robert Park offered opportunities to these Black scholars although the white university system exclusively directed their work towards race studies. Furthermore, the white discipline of sociology failed to recognize Johnson and Frazier's critical ethnographic studies as part of interactionism.