试论美国在WTO/DSM非违法之诉内解决人民币汇率争端的不可行

研究WTO/DSM非违法之诉的成立要件和非违法之诉的程序规则,分析WTO以往案例,阐述非违法之诉的本质和适用范围,美国若在WTO/DSM对人民币汇率争端提起违法之诉,是滥用WTO争端解决机制的表现是不可行的。     

三峡移民迁移满意度的转变及其根源

三峡移民在搬迁到新迁入地后,对迁移的总体评价态度有一个从较高的满意度向较低的满意度过渡的转变。本文采用“同期群”研究方法,通过对三峡移民评价态度影响因素的回归分析,说明了三峡移民在安置地的适应过程大致可以分为三个阶段,即角色标签阶段、角色学习阶段、角色同化与比较阶段。而角色同化和比较阶段中,三峡移民的横向比较引起的相对剥夺感是三峡移民满意度变低的主要原因。     

Role clarity, work overload and organizational support: multilevel evidence of the importance of support

The present study extended the demands-control-support model used in occupational stress research in two ways. First, it hypothesized that role clarity (i.e. role ambiguity), like control, would moderate the relationship between demands and psychological strain. Second, the study assessed support (from leaders) as a macro characteristic of the work-group environment. Data were drawn from a large study of US army soldiers, the study sample consisting of 1786 lower enlisted male soldiers. The inclusion of support as a work-group characteristic lead to a multilevel test of the model. A three-way multilevel interaction among work demands, role clarity and support was observed. As predicted, the relationship between demands and psychological strain was moderated by role clarity; however, this moderating relationship was found only when work-group support was high.     

论公共关系在构建高校和谐校园中的作用

公共关系在构建高校和谐校园中具有十分独到的地位和突出的作用,这是由公共关系的基本内涵和本质特征所决定的,公共关系的理论是在不断追求诚信、和谐的实践中发展起来的。构建高校和谐校园是我们党的教育事业在新时期的一项系统工程。大力开展公共关系,树立高校良好形象,是构建和谐校园的根本保证;发展公共关系是转变高校管理职能的必然需求,也是构建和谐校园的重要内容;开展高校外部公共关系,为构建和谐校园营造良好的外部环境。     

Is stock price a good measure for assessing value-relevance of earnings? An empirical test

Recently, a growing body of literature has created a widespread impression that financial statements have lost their value-relevance because of a shift from traditional capital-intensive economy into a high technology, service-oriented economy. In particular, the claim is that financial statements are less relevant in assessing the fundamental value of high technology, service-oriented firms/activities, which are by nature knowledge-intensive. These conclusions are based on past studies that examine the association between accounting numbers (i.e., earnings and book values) and stock prices and show that, in general, the association between accounting information and stock prices has been declining, over time. These findings have been interpreted to be the result of a decline in value relevance of accounting. We examine the predictive content of stock prices and accounting information, as against the contemporaneous association between accounting information and stock prices. We find that while both the predictive content of earnings and prices declined over time, the predictive content of price signals declined by even more. Our analysis suggests that the declining association could be the consequence of increased noise in stock prices over time resulting from increases in trading volume driven by non-information based trades, and not just a decline in the predictive content of earnings. More importantly, this conclusion is consistent with the insights of the noisy rational expectations equilibrium framework analysis, i.e. that increased noise has caused the predictive content of prices to degrade over time. Overall, our evidence suggests that stock prices may not be an appropriate benchmark for gauging the information content of accounting earnings.

从社会认知职业理论视角探讨职业结果预期对职业兴趣的影响

以海南310名旅游管理专业四年级本科生为研究样本,从社会认知职业理论(简称SCCT理论)的视角,实证检验了其对旅游职业所抱有的兴趣变量(因变量)与其对选择旅游职业所做出的8个结果预期(自变量)之间的因果关系。研究结果不但佐证了SCCT理论就职业兴趣和职业结果预期之关系所做出的理论假设,而且还拓宽了该理论假设在旅游人力资源领域的适用范围。     

Changes in couple,parenting, and individual functioning following Family Expectations program participation

The current study investigated changes in couple, parenting, and individual functioning following participation in Family Expectations, a relationship and parenting education program for new or expectant parents. The sample comprised 339 couples who participated in most sessions of the Family Expectations program and completed assessments at three different time points over a 12-month period. Study analyses examined: (a) change shortly following completion of the program, (b) associations between short-term change and subsequent change in outcomes at 12-month follow-up, and (c) differences in short-term change between married and unmarried couples. Significant improvements were observed in all three domains at short-term follow-up. Short-term changes, particularly for psychological distress, were predictive of long-term change in multiple domains. Few moderation effects by marital status were evident; those that appeared suggested stronger effects for married participants compared to unmarried. Study findings inform ongoing discussions into the utility of federally-funded relationship and parenting programming.     

Why do unemployed people avoid participation in training? An experiment for policy making

Despite active labour market policies being implemented to increase the skills and job opportunities of the unemployed, the number of people who do not participate in training and other services of job orientation remains high. By providing a model that studies the decision-making process of a potential participant, we hypothesise there is a behavioural motive behind it. An experiment is carried out to account for both the individual's preference and the social expectations of agents such as the government and her peers with respect to active occupational measures. Findings show that young unemployed individuals are significantly influenced by their peers when deciding whether to participate or not in a training programme. Particularly, negative expectations from the peers cause unemployed potential participants in a within- and between-subjects experiment to be, respectively, 33 and 42 percentage points less likely to take part in job training.     

Satisfaction with the country and well-being: future expectations / Satisfacción con el país y bienestar: expectativas acerca del futuro

The role of expected personal well-being in the perception of the improvement (or deterioration) in living conditions and country satisfaction is analysed, as well as the relationship between the latter and life satisfaction and personal happiness. A national sample of N = 10,654 participants was used, collected through probabilistic, stratified, two-stage and cluster sampling. They responded to the Mexican Encuesta Nacional de Gastos de los Hogares (National Household Spending Survey, ENGASTO), which measures the spending on goods and services, aspects related to satisfaction with life and the country, and expectations of future personal well-being. Correlational analyses show positive associations between perceptions of the country and its expected development on the one hand and participants’ well-being on the other. Expectations of future personal well-being show indirect effects for both the relationship between the perception of improvement (or deterioration) of living conditions and country satisfaction, and the relation between the latter, happiness and life satisfaction.     

Future expectations of young people leaving youth care in Flanders: the role of personal and social capital in coping with expected challenges

What do young people leaving youth care think about their future? How do they view their transition between youth care and adulthood? These questions were answered by 71 young people leaving youth care in Flanders. The analysis of the interviews showed that three groups of young people can be distinguished when it comes to their expectations regarding the transition: those with positive future expectations that do not expect any difficulties during their transition, those with positive future expectations expecting difficulties that will eventually pass, and those with negative future expectations, who do not expect their transition difficulties will pass. Most respondents think the future is looking bright, because they are about to graduate or have graduated, and/or because they are intrinsically motivated to deal with their anticipated transition difficulties. Young people with negative future expectations do not stress their intrinsic motivation. Some of them think a (future) partner and their parents will be able to support them through their difficulties; they do not consider professional support as helpful, however.