突发公共事件管理中媒体的角色地位

在突发公共事件管理中,媒体理应起到信息传播、沟通和反馈的作用,最大限度地为增进公共福利而发挥最大效益。媒体不仅可以及时监视可能导致突发公共事件发生的各种潜在因素,而且在突发公共事件发生过程中作为政府和公众的代言人,完全可以沟通信息、疏导情绪,发挥积极引导的作用。突发公共事件管理的实质是信息传播的管理,需要正确的舆论导向,离不开广泛的社会沟通。     

联合国秘书长的作用

<联合国宪章>规定,秘书长是联合国的"首席行政长官".要正确理解秘书长的作用就必须了解联合国的整个使命,同时,秘书长的作用对国际生活的组织方式也至关重要.宪章赋予了秘书长两种不同性质的职能:一种是政治性的,一种是行政性的.秘书长在履行其政治职能中应避免夸大与过于谨慎两种极端,公正是秘书长工作中应竭力维护的核心.此外,国际社会中的裁军、人权、南北问题以及如何应对自然与人为的灾难这四个方面的问题是秘书长关注的优先事项.联合国秘书长的特殊性在于他是一名世界公民,世界上的所有难题就是他要面对的难题,但<联合国宪章>是他的理念与精神归宿,而宪章的准则是他要永远恪守的道德信条.     

学校宿舍管理员:学校社会工作者介入高校的新角色

当前学校宿舍管理员的职责就是管理宿舍学生的纪律、确保学生的安全,缺乏人性化的服务。随着高校管理改革的推进,"以人为本"的管理理念被提了出来,新型宿舍管理员更要在生活上和精神上对学生给予关心和帮助。学校社会工作者的出现使问题学生的困难有了缓解的趋势,但是笔者认为向学校社会工作者求助容易使受助学生产生自卑心理。为此,本文分析了学校宿舍管理员和学校社会工作者在角色上的融合与各自的优势,提出由学校社会工作者担任学校宿舍管理员能更有利于学生的学习和健康成长。     

论入世后街道在社区服务中的适应性角色——以上海市五里桥街道为分析个案

本文以上海市著名的五里桥街道为分析个案 ,总结了其现有的成功社区服务模式的特点及现实意义 ,探讨了入世后作为区政府派出机构的街道一级准政府在社区服务业中面临的机遇和挑战 ,指出了街道应从几个方面适应WTO规则要求 ,在社区服务业中规范自己的角色 ,与时俱进采取适应性行为 ,主要包括培育职业化的社区服务队伍、政府职能的转变、社区服务信息化以及以社区服务业为载体搞好再就业工程等。     

企业组织跨部门冲突的归因分析及其管理战略

跨部门冲突是一种部门间的群体行为,对组织运作绩效产生重要影响。现实冲突理论阐明各部门目标的差异是导致部门间行为的根源,包括冲突和合作两个方面。而角色理论则表明,组织中相互重叠的角色系统导致的角色功能的模糊不清,是引发部门间冲突的根本原因。实证研究也表明部门间的冲突主要归因于部门间利益和角色的冲突,并且跨部门冲突具有二重性。跨部门冲突的管理战略应包括建立部门沟通机制、构筑组织的共同使命和最高目标以及倡导团队管理和团队间的培训。     

Factors related to meeting physical activity guidelines in active college students: A social cognitive perspective

Objective: To examine the relations of sex, exercise self-efficacy, outcome expectations, and social support with meeting physical activity guidelines (PAGs). Participants: Three hundred ninety-six college students participated in this study in the summer 2013. Methods: Students completed online questionnaires that assessed physical activity behaviors and psychosocial factors (ie, self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and social support). Students' physical activity profile was categorized as meeting no PAGs, meeting aerobic PAGs only, meeting muscle-strengthening PAGs only, or meeting both PAGs. Results: A multinomial logistic regression revealed that students' sex and psychosocial factors significantly affected the odds of meeting any and all PAGs. Sex significantly moderated the relationship between outcome expectancy and meeting aerobic PAGs and between outcome expectancy meeting muscle-strengthening PAGs. Conclusions: Results indicate that interventions designed to increase psychosocial factors may increase the likelihood of students meeting any and all PAGs. Social support may be especially beneficial for increasing muscle-strengthening activity.     

More than just the media: Considering the role of public relations in the creation of sporting celebrity and the management of fan expectations

This article considers the complex nature of sporting celebrity and the role of media and public relations in the creation of both sports celebrity and the fan expectations associated with that celebrity. While public relations literature has traditionally considered PR as a promotion and communication tool, this article acknowledges that in the cultural and ideological world of sport, PR has a much more sophisticated role to play. In the event of either positive or negative media attention, a sporting celebrity is subjected to unprecedented scrutiny and the increasingly high expectations of fans. However, the expectations of fans are not based on the simple notion of hero worship and role models, and this exploratory study suggests that fans are capable of very complex reactions to the behaviours and marketing personas of sporting celebrities. The use of PR in sport deserves close examination and the reactive spin doctoring techniques of the past should give way to the strategic integration of public relations and media planning in both the creation of the sporting celebrity, balancing the sport vs. private sides of that celebrity, and the varying fan expectations associated with each.     

“国培计划”顶岗置换模式存在的法律风险及其防范

目前，“国培计划”顶岗置换模式作为一种成功的模式在全国各地得到了广泛的推广，但该模式所潜藏的法律风险并未引起人们的关注和重视。本文仅就何谓法律风险、“国培计划”顶岗置换模式存有哪些法律风险及如何防范这些风险等问题进行了初步的探讨。     

Understanding the links between education and smoking

This study extends the theoretical and empirical literature on the relationship between education and smoking by focusing on the life course links between experiences from adolescence and health outcomes in adulthood. Differences in smoking by completed education are apparent at ages 12–18, long before that education is acquired. I use characteristics from the teenage years, including social networks, future expectations, and school experiences measured before the start of smoking regularly to predict smoking in adulthood. Results show that school policies, peers, and youths’ mortality expectations predict smoking in adulthood but that college aspirations and analytical skills do not. I also show that smoking status at age 16 predicts both completed education and adult smoking, controlling for an extensive set of covariates. Overall, educational inequalities in smoking are better understood as a bundling of advantageous statuses that develops in childhood, rather than the effect of education producing better health.