《域外小说集》的译介：接受美学视角的解读

接受美学扩大了翻译研究的视野,给翻译研究引入了读者接受之维。从读者接受的角度看,《域外小说集》由于其读者的缺席,它的译介是＂大为失败＂的。其译介失败的原因主要是当时读者与译文无法达成视野融合,主要表现在：在翻译选材上,译文在文体和作者方面超越了读者的期待视野;在翻译方法上,尽管文言迎合了读者的期待视野,但＂直译＂使得读者期待受挫;此外,翻译的叙事模式远远超过了当时读者的期待视野。其译介的失败给当代译者提供了借鉴：译者在翻译时,要立足于当代语境,站在译文读者的角度进行翻译材料及翻译策略的选取,以期达到译文与读者的视野融合。     

中年农民的养老期待及应对——基于江西部分农村地区的调查

中年农民养老期待问题是我国城镇化进程中就业结构转向和人口老龄化的伴生物。为了了解江西省中年农民养老期待状况,调研组深入实地调查当事群体,采取半结构式访谈、现场观察、问卷调查等方法获取详实信息。调研发现,由于身体条件、人际交往、生活经历、家庭状况、村庄人文环境、政策宣传等不同,不同中年农民对于自我照顾、家庭照顾、互助团体照顾、社区照顾、养老院照顾等养老模式持有不同期待。只有将完善新型农村养老保险制度、探索"以地养老"、奖励企业招用中年农民、完善新型农村合作医疗制度、培养专业护理人员、建设文化活动中心、大力倡导孝文化等方法有机结合,才能有效满足并引导中年农民的养老期待。     

时变理性预期假说与过度反应假说--基于ANST-GARCH模型的国际证券市场实证检验

基于ANST-GARCH模型,我们利用美国、英国、日本和中国证券市场数据实证检验了时变理性预期假说,发现国际证券市场普遍存在非对称均值回归特征,非对称性源自投资主体对坏消息的过度反应和对好消息的反应不足,过度反应假说成立。同时,除日本以外的市场风险补偿具有时变特点,但预期收益与风险的正相关在利空消息冲击下并不成立,因此,结论不支持时变理性预期假说。     

A multi-group structural equation model (SEM) examining asset holding effects on educational attainment by race and gender

Little is known about the processes through which parents' and children's wealth may influence children's math and reading scores. Even less is known about how these processes may vary across race and gender. In this study we analyze Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) data using multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine wealth effects by gender (male/female) and race (white/black). Results suggest that there are important statistical differences across race and gender. For example, we find that children's school savings predict math scores among white children but not black children. Net worth is a positive predictor of black males' math scores but a negative predictor of black females'. In the case of income, we find that it is directly related to black females' math scores but not black males'. In general, findings suggest that liquid forms of wealth (i.e., forms of wealth that are easily converted into cash) may be better predictors of children's academic achievement than net worth.     

秘书工作必须与时俱进

秘书和秘书工作是随着文字产生、阶级与国家的出现而出现的。秘书工作的发展变化也是随着社会的发展变化而变化的。从中国共产党的建立,到新中国的诞生,毛泽东、邓小平都从事过秘书工作,并为我国秘书工作的发展奠定了基石。我国加入WTO后,秘书工作必须与时俱进,必须从思想观念、管理体制、技术、人才素质等多方面进行改革,才能使秘书工作为构建社会主义和谐社会和环境友好型社会发挥桥梁和纽带的作用。     

The Effects of Expectation Disconfirmation on Appraisal,Affect, and Behavioral Intentions

People's risk perceptions can have powerful effects on their outcomes, yet little is known about how people respond to risk information that disconfirms a prior expectation. We experimentally examined the affective, cognitive, and behavioral consequences of expectation disconfirmation in the context of risk perceptions. Participants were randomly assigned and then prompted toward either a high or low personal risk estimate regarding a fictitious health threat. All participants then received the same risk feedback, which presented either a negative disconfirmation experience (i.e., worse than expected) in the high‐risk estimate condition or a positive disconfirmation experience (i.e., better than expected) in the low‐risk estimate condition. Participants who experienced the negative disconfirmation reported stronger intentions to prevent the threat in the future compared to participants who experienced the positive disconfirmation. This effect was mediated by both disappointment about the risk feedback and perceptions of the severity of the threat. These findings have implications for risk communication, suggesting that the provision of objective risk information may improve or diminish the likelihood of behavior change depending on people's initial expectations and their emotional and cognitive reactions to the information.     

德性伦理还是角色伦理——以《孟子》为中心进行的考察

孟子的伦理学建立在其目的论与普遍人性的基础之上,是德性伦理学。但是因其理论具有普遍人性与特殊人性相统一,目的与手段相统一的特色,又因其对角色伦常的强调,使得其伦理学具有角色伦理学的某些特色,但我们并不能因此断定孟子的伦理学就是角色伦理学。其次,在孟子思想中,普遍的人的德性与特定角色应具有的德性是统一的,但普遍的人的德性是人之为人的前提,角色在逻辑上位于德性之后。而且孟子的权变思想也体现了其德性伦理学的特征。     

对外文化交流中政府的角色定位与作用

中国传统文化源远流长,但是在对外交流上,文化对外交流的重要性并没有引起历代政府的重视,其对文化交流的态度不同于外国政府。改革开放以来,中国政府转变角色定位,开始重视文化的价值,并支持传统文化对外交流。政府的介入,为中国传统文化在西方文化强势的今天继续传承下去,并健康、快速的发展提供了保障。