上海建立现代化国际大都市的近代历史根基

20世纪90年代，上海以浦东开发为契机步入建立现代化国际大都市的历程。上海具备建立国际大都市的地理优势和现实可能性，但上海建成国际大都市离不开深厚的历史积淀。文章以1843年上海开埠到1949年新中国成立这一时期的有关历史资料为依据，来探究上海建立现代化国际大都市的近代历史根基。     

构建我国法务会计人才培养模式

随着我国市场经济的快速发展，经济纠纷、经济案件中所涉及的财务会计问题越来越多，迫切需要法务会计人员从会计和法律的专业角度进行调查、取证和鉴定，为法庭提供专家意见。但我国法务会计理论研究滞后、从业人员素质不高、法务会计人才严重匮乏，远远不能满足日益增长的法务会计需求。由于法务会计与财务会计有较大区别，因此，我国应加强法务会计建设，强化法务会计理论研究，并针对我国法务会计的现状，构建学历教育、在职教育和社会教育三位一体的法务会计人才培养模式，以培养具有中国特色的、多层次的、复合型法务会计人才。     

考虑环境因素下的上海世博会经济影响评价

通过对环境生态成本的分析，根据上海市2002年的投入产出表，建立了基于资源一经济一环境绿色投入产出表的绿色GDP核算方法。利用这一方法对2010年上海世博会对上海经济一环境影响进行分析研究，结果反映了上海世博会对上海的综合影响。     

试论建筑防灾中的人群管理和应急管理

从社会心理学和行为心理学视角分析紧急灾难情况下人群的心理反应,阐明控制人群恐慌的人群管理方法,并结合国内外实例从正反两个方面说明人群管理方法在建筑防灾方面的有效性,进一步论述了应急管理在国内的发展方向和重点。     

和谐社会建设中低收入群体社会心态的引导与调适

良好的社会心态既是构建社会主义和谐社会的一种内在要求，也是和谐社会建设的重要心理资源。在社会转型时期，由收入差距扩大引起的不公平感和社会生活中的焦虑感，使低收入群体遭受到物质和精神上的双层困扰，并产生政治上的冷漠心态和信仰上的迷茫，为此，需要在社会意识领域做好教育疏导工作，更要在社会存在领域做好良好社会心态的强本固基工作。     

仰望星空的人——论乔纳森·弗兰岑的创作

作为新世纪最出色的二十位作家之一，乔纳森·弗兰岑怀着创作宏大社会小说的理想，穿梭于传统的讲故事高手与熟练的实验作家之间，为读者展示了美国家庭、美国自身，以及美国的资本主义、物质主义、乐观主义和理想主义。他仰望着天空，却关注着众生。     

Using Probabilistic Terrorism Risk Modeling for Regulatory Benefit-Cost Analysis: Application to the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative in the Land Environment

This article presents a framework for using probabilistic terrorism risk modeling in regulatory analysis. We demonstrate the framework with an example application involving a regulation under consideration, the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative for the Land Environment, (WHTI‐L). First, we estimate annualized loss from terrorist attacks with the Risk Management Solutions (RMS) Probabilistic Terrorism Model. We then estimate the critical risk reduction, which is the risk‐reducing effectiveness of WHTI‐L needed for its benefit, in terms of reduced terrorism loss in the United States, to exceed its cost. Our analysis indicates that the critical risk reduction depends strongly not only on uncertainties in the terrorism risk level, but also on uncertainty in the cost of regulation and how casualties are monetized. For a terrorism risk level based on the RMS standard risk estimate, the baseline regulatory cost estimate for WHTI‐L, and a range of casualty cost estimates based on the willingness‐to‐pay approach, our estimate for the expected annualized loss from terrorism ranges from $2.7 billion to $5.2 billion. For this range in annualized loss, the critical risk reduction for WHTI‐L ranges from 7% to 13%. Basing results on a lower risk level that results in halving the annualized terrorism loss would double the critical risk reduction (14–26%), and basing the results on a higher risk level that results in a doubling of the annualized terrorism loss would cut the critical risk reduction in half (3.5–6.6%). Ideally, decisions about terrorism security regulations and policies would be informed by true benefit‐cost analyses in which the estimated benefits are compared to costs. Such analyses for terrorism security efforts face substantial impediments stemming from the great uncertainty in the terrorist threat and the very low recurrence interval for large attacks. Several approaches can be used to estimate how a terrorism security program or regulation reduces the distribution of risks it is intended to manage. But, continued research to develop additional tools and data is necessary to support application of these approaches. These include refinement of models and simulations, engagement of subject matter experts, implementation of program evaluation, and estimating the costs of casualties from terrorism events.     

马克思的社会有机体理论与构建和谐社会

马克思的社会有机体理论是马克思主义社会发展理论的组成部分,是历史唯物主义的重要内容。马克思的社会有机体理论对当今构建社会主义和谐社会具有重要的理论意义和现实价值。     

报业会计信息系统安全部分控制

报业会计电算化的系统安全,是报业会计信息系统的安全会计电算化的灵魂和核心,而内部控制则是保障报业会计电算化系统安全的一项重要工作。本文从报业会计电算化工作的实际出发,针对目前报业会计电算化应用的现状,结合报业会计电算化的特点和管理要求,阐述了报业会计电算化系统安全内部控制问题的必要性,并提出了如何加强报业会计电算化信息系统安全,有效进行内部控制的一些措施和办法。     

Forced to work and liberated from work

The work-welfare nexus is essential in all social policy regimes. The question is in what situations individuals should be entitled to social welfare benefits and in which situations they should be obliged to work. Social welfare law and administrative practices define mechanisms that separate the deserving poor from people able to work. This article analyses the functions and character of these "separation mechanisms" in Sweden during three periods in history: a) in rural society in the late 19th century; b) in industrial society during the successful years of the Swedish model from World War II until the late 1970s; and c) the present, including the period of welfare retrenchment and reconsideration since the early 1980s. The conclusion is that Swedish social policy has always been strongly work-oriented, but the specific form and content of the work ethic has varied under the influence of different ideologies and handled in different social policy institutions. Under specific conditions the work line has been either generous or restrictive and it has been based on structural attempts to improve the opportunities to work as well as on attempts to strongly pressure the individual to work. The work line of today is seen as an interesting attempt to combine an effort to create good work through improved work conditions and an effort to reinforce elements of work enforcement in the social insurance system.