珠江三角洲"自梳女"兴起背景探析

自梳,又称梳起,是指女子自行异辫而髻、宣布独身不嫁的仪式,经过这种仪式的不婚女性被称为“自梳女”。这种风俗于19世纪中叶以后兴起于珠江三角洲地区,与该地特定的社会、经济背景密切相关。终生“不落夫家”婚俗的存在,是自梳女产生的历史根源;珠三角特有的桑基鱼塘的农业生产模式、女性特殊的经济角色,是自梳女兴起的经济背景;19世纪珠三角地区剧烈的社会变革,西方价值观念的传入,是自梳女兴起的社会、文化背景。     

何处是归程?--从徐坤小说《厨房》看当代中国女性解放的困境与出路

本文从对当代女作家徐坤的小说<厨房>的解读中,分析当代中国女性解放面临的家庭困境和社会困境,探讨了解决女性家庭角色与社会角色矛盾冲突的出路,认为女性解放最理想和最终的出路是男女两性共同建构平等和谐的两性世界.     

青少年犯罪原因剖析——以社会支持理论为分析视角

本文以社会学的“社会支持”理论为指导,分析处于社会转型期的青少年的宏观支持系统(国家支持子系统)、中观支持系统(群体支持子系统)、微观支持系统(个体支持子系统)的缺陷,再从社会支持的性质角度分析了支持现状的不足。重点分析社会支持与青少年犯罪的直接关系,提出通过完善青少年社会支持系统来预防青少年犯罪的策略。     

课程实践性教学的主体性思考——以社会工作专业课程实践教学为例

课程实践教学作为一种提高教学效果的方法,越来越受到广大教师的重视。本文试图以社会工作课程实践教学为例,说明课程实践教学的现状、存在的问题,进而提出构建实践课程的想法。     

Complicated Problems,Complicated Solutions? Homelessness and Joined‐up Policy Responses

The government has recently signalled its determination to address both the symptoms and causes of homelessness through the introduction of new legislation requiring local authorities within England and Wales to develop strategic approaches to addressing this issue. Moreover, in common with many other areas of social provision in recent years, the “joining‐up” of services has been identified as a central tenet of these new approaches. In the case of homelessness, then, experience gleaned from other policy fields may prove an invaluable resource, in terms both of guiding approaches and in avoiding potential pitfalls. This paper examines the findings from a study undertaken within one Midlands city to investigate this assumption. Based upon evidence from this study it is suggested that, while precedent can offer this particular policy area valuable lessons, homelessness is an issue which, due to its multi‐dimensionality, offers new and unique challenges of its own.     

What Determines the Extent to which Employers will Comply with their Social Security Obligations? Evidence from Chinese Firm‐level Data

This article aims to extend understanding of employer responses to social protection regulations enacted by government to ensure the well‐being and security of employees. By utilizing firm‐specific data collected from Shanghai we explore the relationship between firm characteristics, employer behaviour, and the effectiveness of compliance mechanisms that have been adopted to contain contribution evasion by employers. We offer empirical evidence about the impact of the size of the firm, ownership structure, and incidence of risk on employer evasion behaviour in social protection payments. These results should enable enforcement agencies to improve compliance levels and also contribute to building theory as regards the significance of social policies to employers and the impact of social protection on human resource policy.     

Quantifying Quality: Can Quantitative Data (“Metrics”) Explain the 2001 RAE Ratings for Social Policy and Administration?

This paper finds that around 80 per cent of the differences in the ratings awarded in the 2001 RAE for social policy may be “explained” using half a dozen pieces of quantitative data. Social policy excellence—as judged by peer review—is associated with the award of doctorates, the amount of money raised, publications in a particular (if broad) range of journals and books by major publishers, and being large. Even taking account of differences on all these factors, the analysis found that new universities fared worse than their quantitative data would suggest. It is argued that quantitative data should play a larger role in decisions about research quality, aiding equity and transparency.     

"主义"三元素:价值、道理、方案--对人文社会学说性质的审查

文章不研究这个“主义”或那个“主义” ,而以“主义”之为“主义”作为探讨对象。凡被称为“主义”的 ,一般都是那种已具有相当影响的人文社会学说。这些学说往往既揭示某种道理 (即客观联系 ) ,又宣扬某种价值目的 ,还设计某种操作方案 ,并且将这三者构造为一套逻辑体系。对这种做法 ,大家已经习以为常。但文章认为 ,道理、价值和方案是三种在逻辑上不能相互还原的元素 ,有关道理的思维方式必须是合逻辑的 ,而有关价值和方案的思维方式则应当是非逻辑的 ,其间不存在推导关系 ,人文社会学说将它们逻辑地结为一体在思维方式上是错误的。据此 ,应对道理、价值和方案三元素加以离析 ,人文社会学说应以揭示道理为主 ,而不再包办一切 ,价值的事情应由价值主体参照各种价值资源自行决定 ,方案的问题应由方案的当事人求助工程学科加以解决。     

Information-seeking during acquaintanceship: Effects of level of social understanding and personal relevance

Two studies examined how individual differences in social understanding influence children's information-seeking orientations during an initial meeting with a peer, in which they do or do not anticipate future interaction. Study 1 involved a relatively controlled, laboratory setting in which 7-9 year old children were presented a list of questions from which to choose what to ask the peer. The findings indicate that children who view a person's behavior in terms of stable dispositional characteristics (high SDC), express greater interest in gathering trait-related information about an unfamiliar peer than children who do not perceive people in terms of stable traits (low SDC), but only when they expect to play games with that peer in a future interaction. Study 2 involved a more naturalistic observation of the actual questions 7-9 year old children ask during an initial meeting with an unfamiliar peer. The findings showed that high SDC children asked more questions of the peer when they expected interaction than when they did not, whereas low SDC children did not differ significantly across conditions. Taken together, the two studies indicate that the future, predictability orientation of high SDC children leads to a more extensive information search about a peer when they expect interaction with that peer involving instrumental choices.     

矫治社会工作介入我国社区矫正的初探

矫治社会工作是一项专为罪犯或具有犯罪危险性的违法人员开展的社会福利服务,在我国很少有机会介入罪犯的改造,而社区矫正地开展恰好为我国矫治社会工作的专业化和职业化发展提供了前所未有的机遇和空间。