略论中央苏区瑞金县的农业生产

在土地革命时期,以瑞金为中心的中央苏区是全国最大的革命根据地。为了巩固和扩大革命根据地,中国共产党和苏维埃政府就必须进行经济建设,而经济建设的首要任务是恢复和发展农业生产。瑞金作为红色首都和中央直属县,首当其冲地担负起了这一历史重任。在苏维埃政府的领导组织下,瑞金苏区农业经济发展很快,1933年粮食增产15%以上,为中央苏区的巩固和扩大做出了巨大的贡献。     

Cleansing violence in the Tajik Civil War: framing from the dark side of democracy

This paper examines the violence in the Tajik Civil War (1992–1997). The actions of both sides mimicked ethnic cleansing as civilian settlements were targeted. The fragmented ethno-regional identities of the republic had historically lived together peacefully, so this style of violence was unanticipated. However, its patterns resemble similar events in the past 40 years that have been examined by other scholars. By conceptualizing it as a modern phenomenon that can be compared to, I develop a better understanding of this form of violence in the Tajik Civil War and place it within scholarly work on ethnic cleansing.     

From dechristianization to laicization: state,Church, and believers in Russia

The history of twentieth-century Russian Orthodoxy has been written largely in terms of the Church and state, martyr and oppressor, all within the traditional paradigm of ineluctable, ubiquitous secularization. This article shifts the focus from Bolshevik and bishop to believer, framed within the more recent model that emphasizes “believing without belonging”. While that new paradigm fits the Russian case, the latter certainly had unique specifics: it was precisely the coercive disestablishment of the Church that empowered parishioners and inadvertently laid the foundations for the post-Soviet religious revival. While the depth and meaning of that revival is open to dispute and calibration, it has unquestionably posed a dramatic contrast to contemporary Europe.     

马仲英军事失败原因探微

在分析大量史料的基础上,文章认为,马仲英的军事失败应为苏联排斥日、英帝国主义势力、藉以独霸新疆的结果。     

20世纪30年代苏联红军两次出兵新疆及其原因

20世纪30年代苏联两度大规模出兵新疆,帮助盛世才消灭了反政府的武装力量,巩固了其在新疆的统治。以此为契机,苏联的政治、经济、军事力量大规模渗透新疆,并为此后更多地介入新疆事务创造了条件。评价苏联这两次出兵新疆的行动,必须将其放在当时苏联整体的国家对外战略的背景下来考虑,这是苏联企图在其周边建立亲苏缓冲地带、维护国家安全的整体战略的一部分。     

俄罗斯移民及国家政策

苏联解体后,移民问题不仅在俄罗斯出现,而且在独联体其他国家也都成为深刻的社会问题。现代民族主义的抬头是俄罗斯移民形成的主要原因。独联体国家间相互的移民数量庞大,仅次于华侨数。尽管如此,现在以俄罗斯为中心的独联体国家的执政者们在政策上并不关心俄罗斯移民问题,而只热衷于强化自身及自身所属国家的影响力。随着全球化和地域化的同时形成,社会统合成为核心问题,解决移民问题的重要性日益凸现。     

苏维埃土地政策的政治诠释

解读中国共产党在苏维埃时期的土地政策,不宜从现代产权理论中关于土地权属的基本要素着手,而是应该更多地置于当时的客观环境特别是政治因素来评判;苏维埃时期的土地政策,有鲜明的阶级性、不确定性、依附性和强制性;苏维埃土地政策的实施,解构了传统乡村社会的权力结构、经济基础,建构了中国共产党革命年代的阶级基础和社会基础;苏维埃土地政策既与国家现代化进程目标相呼应,也宣示了中国共产党的根本政治取向。     

试析驻朝鲜苏联军事管制机构(1945—1948)

1945—1948年,具有自身组织结构特点的驻朝鲜苏联军事管制机构是苏联朝鲜政策的主要执行者。它以卫戍司令部为基层组织、以各道苏联顾问为联系中介、以北朝鲜苏联民政局为中心机关开展工作。     

社会生态学的谱系比较及发展前瞻

社会生态学研究存在两个主要谱系。对社会生态学两个主要谱系的比较分析揭示了二者在有机整体世界观、肯定理性对解决生态问题的作用、分析生态问题的社会视角三个方面的一致性,以及在理论分析方法的侧重点、理论定位、理论贡献与实践影响三个方面的区别。两个谱系的一致性与区别对展望社会生态学的发展趋势、正确定位和推动中国社会生态学的深入研究,具有重要的启示意义。     

Social Work Practice with Older Soviet Immigrants

ABSTRACT

With the recent sociopolitical changes in the Former Soviet Union, significant numbers of older Soviets have arrived in the U.S. with their families. Soviet immigrants who enter the U.S. are no longer automatically considered political refugees, which has limited their entitlement to services. Recent changes in public welfare and immigration policy place the responsibility for care of elderly members solely on the family. While caring for older adults is stressful for any family, new immigrants may be especially burdened since they have limited knowledge of services, few coping resources to provide adequate care, and little experience resolving cultural conflicts with their older parent. By using a practice model designed to evaluate late-life caregiving situations, two case scenarios are presented to examine practice and service delivery issues of older Soviet immigrants and their families.