社会主义市场经济发展与国家干预度

回顾我国国家干预状况出发,社会主义市场经济国家干预有保持宏观经济稳定、调节收入与财富分配等作用。但干预过度则存在难达预定目标,官员寻租等弊端。为了确保政府干预的有效性,应提高政府适度干预的能力,制约政府干预度的随意性。     

学校心理咨询工作中的价值问题

学校心理咨询无法回避价值问题 ,同时对价值问题又有特殊的要求。本文在澄清心理咨询价值观层次及价值干预等概念的基础上 ,进一步讨论了学校心理咨询中的价值问题并提出了相应的改进措施。     

Cognitive therapy and behavioural coping in the management of work-related stress: An intervention study

Transactional models of stress emphasize the importance of cognitive appraisal of potential stressors in the determination of the stress response. This appraisal can be modified by the use of techniques normally associated with cognitive therapy. The contribution of a specifically cognitive component when intervening in work-related stress has not been well evaluated to date. This research seeks to determine the effectiveness of stress management training in the treatment of the work-related effects of stress by comparing the role of modifying dysfunctional cognitions with the teaching of appropriate behavioural coping strategies. Participants were allocated to one of two intervention conditions or to a waiting list control group. Those in the intervention conditions received group stress management either with the focus on delivering cognitive therapy techniques or with the focus on behavioural coping skills. Measures of general health were taken at the beginning and end of intervention and at 3-month follow-up. Participants in the cognitive therapy groups who were reporting symptoms of general ill-health at the start of the intervention showed a significant improvement at follow-up. Cognitive therapy appears to have been an effective intervention in work-related stress. Those in the behavioural group showed a smaller but still clinically effective improvement. Results are discussed in terms of methodological issues and implications for future research. It is suggested that changes in cognitive appraisal may need to be developed.     

何启、胡礼垣对康有为的批评

考察、分析康有为在保国会第一次集会上的演说以及何启、胡礼垣对其演说内容所作的批评可以发现,同属维新思想家,何启、胡礼垣所以会对康有为在演说中提出的经义之论、义愤之说进行尖锐的批评,原因有二:他们认为康有为的主张妨碍中国向西方学习,阻碍中国变法图强;他们认为康有为的说法对救亡图存不但无益反而有害,且有可能招致中国速亡。     

论政府介入西部生态环境建设的合理性

因西部生态环境的公共产品属性、外部性特征以及环境信息的稀缺性导致生态环境建设领域存在市场失灵的问题,政府介入具有其理论基础。西部市场发育不足、生态建设主体素质较低以及生态建设工程的系统性和长期性等原因,政府介入同时具有广泛的现实依据。     

检察机关适时介入实践中的问题及完善对策

检察机关适时介入制度对于从重从快打击刑事犯罪活动而言,发挥着积极的作用。但实践中由于种种原因,该制度在执行的过程中也存在着若干问题。本文将这些问题归纳为4个方面。通过对原因的分析,提出了完善检察机关适时介入制度的5点对策。     

民法与经济法的经济学基础

民法是市场经济的基本法,是市场调节机制发挥作用的法律保障。经济法的概念及调整对象虽然学术界尚未形成定论,但大都定位在弥补市场缺陷,规范国家干预之上。如果说,成熟的经济学与幼稚的法学的提法过于偏颇,在市场与国家关系领域,经济学的确比法学成熟得多。运用经济学理论,对民法与经济法进行法律的经济分析,不失为科学界定二者调整范围的佳径。     

自然权利与社会规则——诺齐克的自然状态理论研究

“自然状态”理论是诺齐克政治哲学的基础:个人在自然状态中所拥有的权利,即“以人为目的,而不仅仅以人为工具”,这是人的基本要求,以此形成市场原则和确立政府才会具有合法性。诺齐克禀持康德的道德直觉,但他将康德的“人(Humanity)”改写为“个人(Individual)”,使“消极自由主义”的个人至上原则(Libertarianism)走向极端。诺齐克的“自然状态”是意志自由的直觉假定、是人的自然权利、是一切社会规则的前提。     

国家自主与中国发展道路

在全球化的进程中要实现社会的发展,必须在维护国家主权的基础上,有效发挥国家的自主性。在全球化的背景下,中国的发展道路实际上是一个有效发挥国家自主性,协调和利用国家——社会关系、国家——政党关系、中央——地方关系以及国家——国际体系的过程。目前改革的重点应该是通过国家自身的改革来推动其他方面的改革,进一步提升自主性和国家能力。     

Protecting children in Scotland: examining the impact of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995

This paper discusses findings from a small‐scale study of the impact on child protection practice following implementation of the Children (Scotland) Act 1995. The Act introduced three new measures to allow the state to intervene in families to protect a child where there is a risk of significant harm. These include the child protection order, the child assessment order and the exclusion order. The child protection order provides for the removal of a child to (or his or her retention in) a place of safety. In the first two years of the operation of the 1995 Act fewer applications were made for this order compared with similar provisions under the previous legislation. This reduction in applications appears to be related to unfamiliarity with new legislation; greater scrutiny resulting from the more formal application to the sheriff court; and the introduction of a new legal criterion for intervention, the presence or likelihood of ‘significant harm’. The introduction of the ‘no order’ principle into Scottish child care law is also likely to be a factor.