Assessing Impact of Service-Learning Project on Older,Isolated Adults in Rural America

ABSTRACT

With help from a grant from the Corporation for National Service, service learning was infused into four classes of a graduate gerontology course, Aging Well. Thirty-one students were paired with 31 older adults for a period of up to twenty hours. The impact on the emotional and social wellness of the older adults was assessed through student journals, electronic e-mail reflection, and the administration of a survey to older adults. A quantitative assessment of the older adults was attempted using the Life Satisfaction in the Elderly Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Analysis indicated that the service provided to the older adult had a positive impact on their emotional and social wellness.     

王亥时期商族的婚姻形态

通过对古文献的考察 ,参之以民族学材料 ,可以得知王亥时期商族的婚姻形态处于对偶婚的居妇家制向一夫一妻制———父系外婚制的过渡阶段     

Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing of Vocalizations: A Systematic Replication

The current study replicated an enhanced stimulus-stimulus pairing (SSP) procedure used by Esch et al. (Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 42: 42–225, 2009) for increasing vocalizations in children with autism. The enhanced SSP procedure consisted of pairing target vocalizations with high-preference items, interspersed target and nontarget trials, an observing response, and the presentation of the vocalizations in “motherese” speech. Results showed substantial increases in target vocalizations above baseline levels and above nontarget vocalizations for two of three participants.     

有效的无证书签名方案

为了避免基于身份密码系统中的秘钥托管问题,同时不需要证书进行公钥的认证,出现了无证书密码系统。该文基于双线性对提出一个新的无证书签名方案。方案中签名算法简单的不需要任何对的计算,验证算法仅仅需要三个对的计算,并且不需要使用特殊的哈希函数。与已知所有的方案相比,所提的方案在计算代价上更加有效。     

Analyzing Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing Effects on Preferences for Speech Sounds

Several studies have demonstrated effects of stimulus-stimulus pairing (SSP) on children's vocalizations, but numerous treatment failures have also been reported. The present study attempted to isolate procedural variables related to failures of SSP to condition speech sounds as reinforcers. Three boys diagnosed with autism-spectrum disorders participated. Phase 1 was designed to assess SSP effects on production of auditory stimuli via button pressing. When SSP failed to produce a preference for the target stimulus, we instituted a series of procedural manipulations intended to address potential reasons for failure. One participant preferred the target stimulus when given the opportunity to select preferred items for pairing prior to each session, but a subsequent reversal attempt produced ambiguous results. Two participants showed no consistent preference in Phase 1 and underwent a within-session reinforcer evaluation in Phase 2, in which alternative controlling variables were demonstrated by delivering preferred stimuli contingent on button pressing.     

A Comparison of Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing,Standard Echoic Training,and Control Procedures on the Vocal Behavior of Children With Autism

An alternating treatments design was employed to compare the effect of stimulus-stimulus pairing, standard echoic training, and a control condition on the vocal behavior of 3 preschoolers with autism. Data were recorded during pre- and postsession observations. During the stimulus-stimulus pairing condition, the experimenter''s vocal model was paired with the delivery of a preferred item. During the standard echoic training condition, the experimenter presented a vocal model and delivered a preferred item contingent on an echoic response. During the control condition, the experimenter presented a vocal model and, after a 10-s delay, presented a preferred edible item. Results from the post-session observations during the stimulus-stimulus pairing condition showed an immediate but temporary increase in the target sound for 1 participant only. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.     

论重大突发公共卫生事件中的对口支援——以新冠肺炎疫情防控为考察对象

对口支援是一项独具中国特色的制度安排,在重大突发公共事件中有着突出的治理作用。新冠疫情作为重大突发公共卫生事件,党和国家在团结和带领全国各族人民全力以赴应对疫情的过程中,形成了以政府主导、企业协同、社会支撑为主要特征的对口支援主体。通过派遣医疗队、供应防疫物资等措施为打赢疫情防控阻击战奠定了雄厚的基础,通过建立科学合理的组织领导机制、人员选用机制和后勤保障机制等保障了对口支援的高效运行。在新冠疫情防控工作中,科学有效的对口支援不仅彰显了中国制度优势、体现了中国抗疫精神、增强了人民战疫信心,而且为世界防控新冠疫情提供了中国智慧和中国方案。     

中国人卵母细胞中同源染色体配对形态和行为的研究

运用表面铺展SDS处理、硝酸银染色的电镜观察技术,研究5例（其中4例为14、20、24、28周龄正常胎儿和1例为24周龄无脑儿）中国人卵母细胞中同源染色体配对形态和行为,其结果为1.5例胎儿卵巢中卵母细胞中同源染色体配对形态和行为正常,说明引起神经管损伤的因子对卵母细胞中同源染色体配对行为无影响。2．在14周龄胎儿卵巢中可见卵母细胞减数分裂前期Ⅰ的各个时期即细线期、偶线期、粗线期和双线期卵母细胞,说明中国人卵母细胞中同源染色体配对的关键胎龄在14周龄之前,14周龄以后外界不良因子对孕妇的刺激可能不会对胎儿卵母细胞同源染色体配对行为造成影响。     

Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing to Increase Vocalizations in Children with Language Delays: a Review

Stimulus-stimulus pairing (SSP) is a procedure used to increase vocalizations in children with significant language delays. However, results from studies that have examined the effectiveness of SSP have been discrepant. The following review of the literature summarizes the results from 13 experiments published between 1996 and 2014 that used this procedure with children with language delays. Studies were analyzed across various participant and procedural variables, and an effect size estimate (nonoverlap of all pairs) was calculated for a portion of the participants in the studies reviewed. Results indicated an overall moderate intervention effect for SSP of speech sounds. Recommendations are provided for future researchers about information to report and potential avenues for future studies.     

英语动结构式的形式语义匹配

Goldberg&Jackendoff(2004:532-568)对英语动结构式进行了全面充分的诠释,他们把英语动结构式看成一个构式家族,这个构式家族之中的构式分支具有家族相似性(Fam ily Resemblance)。家族相似性决定了英语动结构式是一个开放性的系统,很多构式分支可以整合进来,同时也决定了它的构式分支是表层形式。首先运用维特根斯坦家族相似性理论对Goldberg&Jackendoff(2004)做进一步的分析,对他们未深入研究的特殊句式进行了翔实的识解,并最终添加两类动结构式分支。人的认知规律和语法化所造成的语言的外部和内部理据决定了英语动结构式家族丰富多彩的表层形式。