“第三条道路”的历史性

“第三条道路”作为一种理论,在思想史思潮中有其一定的位置;“第三条道路”作为对变化了的历史条件的反映,有其深刻的历史根源;同时,“第三条道路”的执政实践以其特有的方式回应了左翼的主题,参与了历史运动的进程;最后,作为理论思潮的“第三条道路”不再流行后,其方针政策会以历史行动延续。     

“第三条道路”价值观时代背景透析

20世纪90年代后期西方国家流行的“第三条道路”价值观,是西方发达国家的社会民主党为了迎接当今经济全球化等挑战而作出的理论变革和价值观念更新,是一种面向新世纪的“新政治”。“第三条道路”倡导的价值观变革具有深厚的时代背景和深刻的现实依据：基本前提是全球化对西方国家的经济社会发展提出的新挑战;阶级基础是西方社会结构和阶层结构的深刻变化;思想基础是冷战结束提出的更新理论纲领的新要求;现实依据是西方社会民主党竞选执政的迫切需要。     

基于核算视角的企业部门固定资本存量估算

受固定资产基础统计资料严重缺失所限,现有对我国资本存量估算的文献很多未遵循SNA中先微观估算后宏观加总的核算流程,估算结果还不能反映我国不同部门资产积累的重要信息。目前基于核算视角的资本存量估算研究还比较缺乏,随着部门资产负债表在经济分析中重要性的不断提升,分部门固定资本存量的估算变得更加迫切。鉴此,本文充分挖掘了企业财务资料中可用的固定资产信息,系统论述了基于固定资产原价指标估算企业部门固定资本形成的合理性和可行性,在此基础上,以工业35个行业为例,运用PIM对工业企业部门设备和建筑固定资本存量进行了估算,并对估算细节作了尽可能的改进。本研究不但解决了企业部门固定资本存量的估算难题,同时也为除家庭之外其他部门固定资本存量的估算提供了可能的解决思路。     

PPP绩效评价VfM指标体系的中国化改进和应用

PPP模式为政府满足公众对基础设施和公共服务的需求提供了一种创新解决方案,即引入社会资本的专业技术和管理能力,以更为商业化运作模式提供公共基础设施。然而,并非所有基础设施项目都可以采用PPP模式,PPP模式的确定需要以实现物有所值为目标。物有所值(VfM)评价便是实现上述目标的关键途径和方法。以英国VfM评价为依据,结合我国国情,一方面从可行性、有益性和可实现性三个维度,构建VfM定性评价指标体系;另一方面着眼于公共部门比较值(PSC),将PSC指标分解为原始PSC值、竞争中立调整、转移风险和自留风险四部分。经实证分析可知,VfM值为28.02%,大于国际10%的标准,所构建的评价指标体系能够有效评估PPP项目物有所值的实现情况,可以为政府决策部门和PPP从业者提供理论和技术支持。     

十一届三中全会认识和处理历史问题管窥——学习《中共第十一届中央委员会第三次全体会议公报》后记

本文通过十一届三中全会公报介绍了全会认识和处理历史问题的主要内容,如认识和处理历史问题的指导思想、主要内容、原则方法与历史地位等等,同时结合历史与现实文章讨论了十一届三中全会认识和处理历史问题思想理论对今天社会的科学发展与社会的和谐构建的历史意义和价值。     

中国传统社会团体的现代化转型--新时期妇联公共参与策略的个案研究

社会建构是实现"小政府、大社会"改革目标的基础性工作,第三部门的培育和发展又是社会建构的重要方面.为此,推动与党和政府有着密切联系的传统社会团体向现代化第三部门转型,可以先行一步.本文以妇联为个案,分析了它在新的社会环境中所面对的机遇和挑战,具体探讨了它在角色、职能及机制三个层面上向现代第三部门转型的策略,以期适应新的形势,获得更高的公共参与成效.     

The impact of three-dimensional visualisation on midwifery students’ application of knowledge of the third stage of labour to practice: Qualitative findings of a pilot randomised controlled trial

ProblemComplex physiological processes are often difficult for midwifery students to comprehend when using traditional teaching and learning approaches. Online resources for midwifery education are limited.BackgroundFace to face instructional workshops using simulation have had some impact on improving understanding. However, in the 21st century new technologies offer the opportunity to provide alternative learning approaches. Virtual and artificial realities have been shown to increase confidence in decision making during clinical practice.AimExplore the impact of using three-dimensional (3D) visualisation in midwifery education, on student’s application, when educating women about the birth of the placenta, and membranes.MethodsFace to face individual interviews were performed, to collect deep, meaningful experiences of students, learning about the third stage of labour.FindingsPrior clinical experiences impacted on student’s ability to articulate how they would discuss birth of the placenta and membranes, and the process of haemostasis with women.DiscussionThe narrative findings of this pilot study identified ways that students traditionally learn midwifery, through theory, and clinical practice. Interview narratives illustrated how midwifery students who had previous experiences of witnessing birth, had superior ability to discuss the third stage of labour with women. While students with limited birth experiences, found the 3DMVR assisted them in their understanding of the physiology of the third stage of labour.ConclusionIn an environment of increasing technological advances, clinical placements remain an essential component of midwifery education.     

机动车单车事故情形下的保险金给付责任——驾驶员被自己所停车辆溜压致死之情形

机动车单车事故乃指无加害人存在之机动车事故.在我国,由于机动车对人赔偿保险均采用责任保险方式,保险人给付保险金的前提乃被保险人承担损害赔偿责任,因此单车事故受害人无法得到保险保障.驾驶员被自己所停车辆溜压致死的为典型的单车事故,虽然受害人属于条款所约定的"第三者",但判断保险人是否承担责任时必须明确相关保险条款的制定目的及其相互间的内在逻辑关系,不能忽视任何一款规定之应有法律规范作用,在立法论的制度设计上需给予单车事故受害人应有的保护.     

十一届三中全会以来党的宗教政策发展的历史脉络

十一届三中全会以来 ,党的宗教政策经历了三个阶段 ,即 1 978— 1 982年的恢复阶段 ,重申了以“宗教信仰自由”为核心的党的宗教政策 ;1 983— 1 991年的完善阶段 ,确立了“依法加强对宗教事务的管理”的基本原则 ;1 992年至现在的发展阶段 ,依据新的发展形势 ,作出了“积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应”的重要决策     

The ‘importance of staying put’: third country nationals’ limited intra-EU mobility rights

The cautious approach of European Legislators towards the integration of non-EU third country nationals (TCNs), mirrored in the provisions of Long-Term Residence Directive 2003/109/EC, has brought about the creation of ‘spatial temporal waiting zones’. Migrants are confined in both place and time before being able to access the (as of yet, very limited) mobility rights conferred upon them by the Directive. Restricted mobility rights for TCNs can seriously impinge on the economic growth of the EU. This paper reveals three ‘faults’ of the current system. First, we show how TCNs already evade ‘temporal borders’ by moving across geographical ones to take up employment before being entitled to do so under the provisions of the Directive. Next, we show how formal integration in one member state (MS), paradoxically, opens the door to another MS and, third, how a second MS fights off these near-EU citizens. Finally, we observe the importance of taking the phenomenon of spatial and temporal waiting zones into account, not only when structuring intra-EU mobility policies for TCNs but also when addressing the issue of the (labour market) integration of recent arrivals: soon they too will become European long-term residents.