Employee strain and job satisfaction related to an implementation of quality in a public service organization: a longitudinal study

To date, few studies have focused on employee reactions to the quality-related aspects of the introduction of New Public Management (NPM). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects on employee strain and satisfaction of the implementation NPM in a public service organization. The study was designed as an empirical examination of the 'context-dependent approach' ( Edwards, Collinson, & Rees, 1998 ). This approach suggests that effects of an organizational change depend on the context of the implementation, i.e. organizational aspects (implementation strategies), job content and job context dimensions. They employed a single-case longitudinal design. The case was a large municipal service unit responsible for the public housing system of a city in Austria. The sample consisted of 217 employees. Measurements were taken before the organizational change, and at two different times during the change process. While the implementation of NPM can be considered to have been an organizational success (increase in customer satisfaction), it was accompanied by increases in job strain, and, at the same time, mixed results in job satisfaction. Less qualified employees mainly responsible for the customer interface experienced the organizational change most negatively. Using structural equation modelling, the context-dependent approach was empirically confirmed. Job control, role clarity and information were found to be the most important job and organizational resources.     

二十世纪欧洲三大福利思潮的比较

在介绍二十世纪欧洲三大福利思潮社会民主主义、新保守主义、第三条道路兴起的背景及影响的基础上 ,比较了三派各自不同的福利思想。比较点有两个方面 ,第一个方面是福利原则上的差异 ,这主要是从公平性、强制性、普遍性三个角度来考察的。第二个方面是制度设计上的差异 ,主要是从国家和个人的责任分担问题以及政府和市场的作用发挥问题来考察的。     

第三世界国家现代化进程中政府的作用

本文从三个方面论述了第三世界国家现代化进程中政府所起的积极作用：制定切实可行的经济发展战略；协调好各利益集团的关系，并使社会财富公正分配；消除腐败、树立廉政作风。只有这样，第三世界国家才能在现代化道路上健康发展。     

身体丑陋与灵魂罪恶--理查三世身体的文化解读

莎士比亚笔下的理查三世既有着生理身体,又有着交往身体.他的生理身体的畸形使其周围世界不断地将其交往身体降格为生理身体,也使理查将自己的周围世界规定为一个生物世界.他的畸形的身体相反促发了他的强烈的身体体验,在身体与灵魂的关系上展现出了与柏拉图哲学传统不同的维度.理查形象展示了文艺复兴复兴古希腊精神的尴尬处境.     

Third Space Activities and Change Processes: An Exploration of Ideas from Social and Psychodynamic Theories

Discussions pertaining to culture, power and/or identity frequently create tensions that are enacted by dyads and groups within schools, workplaces and communities. Although tensions can easily escalate into conflict or violence, we have observed that these tensions can serve as prompts that promote a change process. When individual perspectives are challenged, some participants are able to dissemble their views and consider other perspectives from which new understandings and views emerge. At times, when groups seem to be on the threshold of overt conflict, some participants engage in processes that examine the tension, explore new possibilities, and alter the view of one’s subjectivity. We suggest that these activities occur as momentary states in psychological spaces conceptualized as third spaces (Bhabha, The location of culture. London: Routledge, 1994). In this paper, we use concepts from psychodynamic and social theories to describe the conditions that coalesce to form states of mind (nepantla) (Anzaldúa, Borderlands/La Frontera: The new mestiza. San Francisco: Aunt Lute Books, 1999; Interviews Entrevistas. New York: Routledge, 2000) and the ability to engage in new relational possibilities (third space activities) with dyads and groups, outside of psychotherapy. The conditions include: critical consciousness, regulation, recognition, and responsibility. We then describe how such momentary experiences can subsequently result in an examination of one’s subjectivity, particularly as it pertains to issues regarding culture, power, and identity. Throughout the paper we provide four examples from various settings to illustrate these concepts and processes. Given the increasing racial/ethnic diversity of clients and clinical social workers in North America, this concept of third spaces holds particular relevance for contemporary clinical social work practice.

风险投资影响新三板企业价值:作用机制、内生性及企业异质性探讨

在我国“大众创业,万众创新”的政策驱动下,风险投资者作为创业者背后的创业者成长迅速。以2010—2017年新三板挂牌企业为样本,实证检验风险投资对企业价值的影响及作用机制。研究发现:风险投资对新三板企业价值的提升具有显著的正向作用,风险投资通过改善新三板企业的公司治理状况、股票流动性、外部融资能力实现公司价值增值,即在风险投资影响新三板企业价值增值过程中存在治理作用、认证作用和支持作用的中介效应。其中,股票流动性(认证作用)表现出完全中介效应,说明信息效率的改善在风险投资影响新三板企业价值增值的过程中发挥了十分重要的功能。进一步探讨了新三板挂牌企业异质性对风险投资作用效果的影响,发现新三板企业在收入增长能力、无形资产占比、治理规范性、股票流动性、股权融资方面的异质性对风险投资的增值作用有正向影响,企业规模、债权融资方面的异质性则存在负向影响。因此,应积极发展风险投资事业,充分发挥其对新三板企业的价值增值作用;新三板企业应培养自身的长期竞争力,以吸引更多优质风投机构的关注。     

党的第三代领导集体对民主政治建设理论的新发展

党的第三代领导集体对社会主义民主政治建设理论的新发展在于,高标社会主义民主的伟大旗帜,强调民主政治与市场经济相互促进,民主建设与法制建设一体发展,提出民主政治全面发展的基本要求,尊重和保障人权。其理论与实践的基本特征则为全面发展与渐进发展相统一,自上而下与自下而上相结合。     

Reconciling Local with Global: New Zealand Muslim Women Articulating Faith in their Lives

This article explores the dynamics of personalised faith in the lives of minority and migrant Muslim women. Research that localises women's understandings of faith contrasts with the considerable literature that focuses on the transnational, politicised character of religion, as well as the discourses that examine religion as a form of gendered patriarchy. This article is a contribution to research that approaches gender and religion from a localised perspective. Drawing on the notion of ‘third space’, this discussion provides ethnographic narratives of Muslim women in New Zealand, focusing on four specific women. Each woman's story illustrates the significance of faith in her life, and demonstrates the unique, and interactive, ways that faith creates new meanings and interpretive possibilities in local contexts, as well as providing emotional solace and a source of coping with wider life stresses.     

产业结构对城市化的影响研究——基于中印两国数据的比较分析

基于数据比较考察了开放经济格局下中印两国产业结构变迁对城市化的影响,并利用VAR模型的脉冲响应函数和方差分解方法,验证了1978-2011年两国产业结构与城市化之间的动态关系。主要结论是:不同的改革开放策略导致了两国不同的产业结构演变,中国城市化得益于以工业为主导的产业结构,印度城市化更依赖于服务业主导的产业结构,而前者在城市化发展初期有着明显优势。因此,对于落后的发展中国家而言,工业化是推动城市化的必经之路;在工业化发展的基础上,发展高技术含量的服务业,是提高城市化质量的重要保证;同时,提高农村劳动力素质有助于加速产业结构转型,提高城市化水平。     

中国产业部门隐含碳排放效率研究——基于三阶段DEA模型与非竞争型I-O模型的实证分析

本文基于2002-2017年中国投入产出表(延长表),运用非竞争型投入产出模型测算出我 国各产业部门的隐含碳排放,并将其引入到碳排放效率测算模型当中,再利用三阶段DEA模型将外部 环境和随机干扰因素剔除,从而得到更加准确客观的各产业部门隐含碳排放效率水平。实证结果表明: 目前我国整体产业部门隐含碳排放效率还处于较低水平,且各产业部门之间的隐含碳排放效率水平差 异显著。根据第三阶段各产业部门隐含碳排放效率历年均值的聚类分析可知,农业、石油和天然气开采业、批发零售及餐饮业及其他服务业处于高等效率水平,电气机械及器材制造业、通信设备和计算机及 其他电子设备制造业、电力热力的生产和供应业、燃气的生产和供应业以及煤炭采选业等处于中等效率 水平,而资源依赖、创新能力较差的纺织服装鞋帽皮革羽绒及其制品业、木材加工及家具制造业等,水的生产和供应业、建筑业、交通运输、仓储及邮政业处于低等效率水平。外部环境对各产业部门隐含碳排 放效率影响显著,影响方式主要有三种,即“交叉型”“重合型”和“平行型”。 “交叉型”产业部门主要以制造业为主,外部环境对其影响先提升后抑制;“重合型”产业部门主要以第一、三产业为主,外部环境 对其影响甚微;“平行型”产业部门主要以资源型行业为主,外部环境对其影响就具体行业而定。