抗战初期第三党人的政治主张--以《抗战行动》为中心的考察

第三党作为近代中国重要的中间集团之一,在抗战初期借助其机关刊物《抗战行动》发表了诸多文章,阐释了本党的政治主张。其重点是抗战与民主,而其他政治观点都是围绕这一主张提出的。第三党强烈呼吁全民族应树立长期抗战思想,实行民主,设立民意机关,认真进行政治改革,注重并发展青年力量。     

A Biographical Glimpse of William Sealy Gosset

Federal statistical coordination is dead. After four decades of episodic but declining support, the Office of Management and Budget has dismantled its limited capacity for statistical policy and coordination. Failure to reestablish a strong central statistical policy function as a separate unit in the Executive Office of the President will slowly but inevitably lead to a decline in the quality, integration, and relevance of national statistics, to say nothing of the waste of statistical resources. There is an immediate, quite serious threat to the integrity of federal statistics. OMB statistical policy personnel and decisions are now absorbed in an organization devoted in fact to regulatory policy and paperwork burden reduction. Forty years of periodic disasters have become an intolerable national disgrace.     

基于人力资源理论透析政府执行力

政府执行力是政府不可忽视的核心要素,也是政府组织履行职责、提高自身存在合法性的重要前提。政府对政治层面的政策决策的执行力,决定着政府的有效性。而现在中央和地方政府制定了许多管理制度和规范,但往往由于缺乏高效执行力,无法履行正常的执行任务,使制度的威信荡然无存,也使得组织自身的运行受到严重影响。     

农民组织的行动逻辑 ———以布迪厄实践观对山西柳村农民协会发展的分析

农民组织应该被看作农民作为具有一定认知能力的社会行动者,为了实现某一目标而按照一定的组织程序自发地结合起来的社会共同体,更意味着一种生活方式或生活状态.农民组织在发展中暴露出的问题主要是资金难以获得、管理与财务制度不规范、人才缺乏与激励制度缺失并存.从柳村农民的组织实践过程中可以看到,农民组织是内源式发展,是由农民的内在需要驱动发展的;他们根据自身的利益需要,在各个场域将各种习惯灵活地变通为多种实践的策略,不断建构社会结构的同时也在不断建构社会资本.     

读《为什么餐厅里的黑人孩子都坐在一起》——兼论该书对构建中国和谐族群关系的启示

本文对塔特姆(Beverly Danjel Tatum)教授<为什么餐厅里的黑人孩子都坐在一起>一书进行了简要介绍.塔特姆指出,种族歧视是一种体系优势.通过对白人背景下黑人、白人以及其他有色人种特质的精辟分析,她深刻地揭示了美国种族关系的实质,并提出了促进跨种族对话来打破沉默的建议.塔特姆的理论观点对于中国的族群关系建设有重要启示.在新的时代背景下,中国不仅要在中华民族背景下了解少数民族,也要在中华民族背景下了解汉族.     

世纪末忧郁与美国精神气质——帕森斯与古典社会理论的现代转变

帕森斯的《社会行动的结构》体现了一种独特的探究,历史的、经验的和理论的研究在其中融为一体。在学科史的意义上,《结构》标志着“古典”社会理论的“现代”转变。不过,帕森斯是以一种典型的“美国式”方式完成这种转变的。囿于20世纪20、30年代、尤其是“新政”时期的语境,他给予处于世纪之交的一些重要的社会理论一种全新的阐述,把它们从其生身处境的“世纪末”中剥离出来,并暗中赋予其一种积极、乐观的“美国精神气质”,在很大程度上消解了这些理论和经验探讨中原本具有的同“世纪末”的社会、文化背景及其时代问题的复杂关联。悖谬的是,这种“美国化”的阐述在某种意义上恰恰体现了帕森斯试图建构社会（科）学一般理论的宏图,蕴含着某种普遍历史的取向。     

合法化资源与中国工人的行动主义——1957年上海“工潮”再研究

本文引入资源动员理论与政治过程理论,重新考察了1957年上海“工潮”中参与者、资源、动员网络和国家制度环境之间的互动关系。笔者认为,20世纪50年代的中国工人逐渐形成了影响其后的行动主义传统,这种传统突出表现在行动者对外部合法化资源（来自国家意识形态、权威领导人的言论、官方舆论倾向等）的依赖和获取之上,并与精英、认同和网络一起构成其行动主义动员机制中的诸多要素。     

Exploring Moderating Effects of Violent Conflict on Household Welfare in a Resource-Constrained Environment: The Case of Sub-Saharan Africa

ABSTRACT

This study examines correlates of household welfare in three countries of sub-Saharan Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, using data from the 2004 wave of the Afrobarometer survey. We also assess the role violent conflict might play in influencing this relationship. This subject has become especially relevant today in sub-Saharan Africa, given the growing disfranchisement of vulnerable individuals and households and increased incidents of violent conflict. Insight into the relationship between violent conflict and household welfare may be an important step in understanding why many sub-Saharan African countries have difficulties in stimulating economic growth and welfare. The study sample includes 3,525 respondents. Study findings provide partial support for the hypothesized relationship. Specifically, poverty reduction initiatives and informal assistance are associated with reduced hardship, while violent conflict is related to an increase in hardship. We also note that certain individual and household characteristics are linked to hardship. Practice and policy implications are suggested.     

Learning about fishery management: Evaluation of a contextualized responsive evaluation approach

This article discusses the extent to which a responsive evaluation (RE) approach contributed to learning by stakeholders in a case of high complexity. Fishery management in Grand-Popo, Benin is characterized by ambiguity, that is contrasting views among fishery stakeholders about what should be done, why, how, where, and when to resolve fishery problems like the depletion of fish-stock and absence of income alternatives. It was also characterized by great gaps (mismatches) between interventionists’ plans and actions, despite generations of interventions and evaluations of their effectiveness. The RE approach aimed at facilitating interactions between interventionists and fishing people to stimulate learning and hence reduce the ambiguity and mismatches. In this article, we take distance and evaluate the results of this action research approach. We found that in the interaction some learning indeed occurred. The fishing people learned among others that intervention resources are limited and that they should organize themselves to lobby for and monitor interventions to solve their problems. Interventionists learned that they could share knowledge about their roles and limited resources with fishing people so that the latter could lobby for more resources. Fishing people however, did not learn to adopt more sustainable fishing practices. Also, interventionists did not learn to influence politicians and financial partners themselves for sufficient resources. Both categories of stakeholders developed ideas for how to collaborate to improve fishery management. We conclude that although some single-loop, double-loop and social learning occurred, the learning was limited and reflect on the related challenges for RE in natural resource management.     

A review of the challenges of achieving the goals in the African Plan of Action for people with disabilities in Nigeria

The Plan of Action (POA) document was produced at the Pan-African Conference on African Decade of Persons with Disabilities attended by representatives of all African countries in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia (4–7 February 2002). The POA is aimed at implementing priority activities to enhance the services provided to Africans with disabilities during the decade by formulating and implementing meaningful policies and programmes, creating national disability service coordination committees, supporting community-based service delivery, developing poverty alleviation programmes, enhancing preventive programmes, and promoting positive attitudes and awareness of the needs of people with disabilities. While the goals of the POA are noble, evidence raises concerns about the actions so far taken by the Nigerian Government to ensure the implementation of the programme for the benefit of citizens with disabilities. Obstacles to implementing the provisions of the POA document and the implications for strategies that could facilitate the achievement of the goals of the POA are discussed.