走进明清妇女生活--读《明清云南妇女生活研究》

本文对《明清云南妇女生活研究》一书进行了客观评价。认为《明清云南妇女生活史》是部具有多学科研究视野和背景、资料翔实、严谨求实的著作 ,填补了云南妇女史研究的空白 ,是云南妇女史研究中的创造性成果     

Beyond the iconic protest images: the performance of ‘everyday life’ on social media during Gezi Park

ABSTRACT

Using the Gezi Park protests as a case study this article considers the performative component of protest movements including how and why protestors actively produce protest activity ‘on the ground’ and how this is expressed through visual images. It looks beyond iconic images which appear as emblematic of the protest and instead shifts our focus to consider the more ‘everyday’ or mundane activities which occur during a protest occupation, and explores how social media allows these images to have expressive and communicative dimensions. In this respect, protests can be performed through humdrum activities and this signifies a political voice which is communicated visually. The research is based on visual analysis of Twitter data and reveals methodological innovation in understanding how protestors communicate.     

After-effects of working at visual display units

Two experiments were carried out to examine the acute and chronic after-effects of working with VDUs on subsequent subjective mood and performance efficiency. Both showed that working at a VDU has a negative after-effect on the user's subjective well-being but only if that person has a high level of cognitive failure. There was no evidence of any such effect on measures of performance efficiency.     

社会认知的研究视野及拓展

社会认知是70年代兴起和发展起来的社会心理研究领域,它从信息加工角度来研究社会心理问题。社会认知研究的视野主要集中在社会认知结构、社会认知过程及其二者整合所提出的一些模型,随着社会认知研究的深入,社会认知研究开始关注内隐的社会认知研究。分析这些研究视野及拓展对我国社会认知研究的发展将有所裨益。     

视觉符号的抽象程度与意义表达

符号学作为一种新的方法论正逐步进入其他学科领域。同时,有价值的符号学讨论也已不局限于最初所确立的符号学领域中。对于视觉传达这一学科来讲,研究符号与其指代物之间的关系,以及视觉符号本身的抽象程度对信息传达、意义表述的影响,是一个非常有意义的课题。这不仅可以提高信息传达的效率和准确性,同时也丰富了视觉传达设计的语言,更为满足现代人的审美要求提供帮助。     

表征、情境与视角:--古典知识社会学视野中的知识、社会与意识形态

古典知识社会学的主要代表人物,涂尔干、米德、舍勒和曼海姆等人所提出的知识观点,基本上涵盖了知识社会学的基本问题,即知识与社会的关系问题以及与该问题相关的意识形态理论和观点,这些问题、理论和观点可以概括为:作为"集体表征"的知识:宗教社会学式的意识形态理论;作为语言符号而社会性地存在的知识:语言社会学或形式社会学式的意识形态理论;作为一种分析框架的知识:文化社会学式的意识形态理论。     

视觉中心在绘画艺术中的意义

绘画是视觉艺术,视觉中心的形成往往是画面最引人注目的地方。视觉中心的形式构成是为画面主题形象服务的。通过视觉中心在画面中的运用,能够让观者在视觉心理上产生对画面从无意注意到有意注意的思索,促使视觉神经处于兴奋状态,达到突出主体形象的目的。视觉中心的提炼功能造成了主题含义的预测性和观者对画面主题含义的开掘。对视觉中心在画面的的研究和运用,让艺术家和作品研究确立了一个新的角度和起点,并为这个研究开辟提供一个新的空间。     

The Effectiveness of Different Representations for Managerial Problem Solving: Comparing Tables and Maps

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) enable decision makers to view tabular data geographically, as maps. This simple yet powerful visual format appears to facilitate problem solving, yet how it does so is not clear, nor do we know the types of problems that benefit from this representation. To begin to understand the contributions of geographic representations over tabular representations, we conducted a three-factor experiment in problem solving. The experiment contained two different representations (map and table), three different geographic relationships (proximity, adjacency, and containment), and three levels of task difficulty (low, medium, and high). We found that maps generally produced faster problem solving than tables, and that problem-solving time increased with task difficulty. Most importantly, for the proximity and adjacency geographic relationships we found that maps kept problem-solving time low, while tables tended to increase time dramatically. However, we found that the number of knowledge states for each task explains performance times quite well and is a useful tool for understanding performance differences and interaction effects. As tasks become more difficult, representing them as maps generally keeps the number of knowledge states small, while for tables, the number of knowledge states increases dramatically. Correspondingly, problem-solving times increase dramatically with tables, but not with maps. In sum, as difficulty increases, maps are more effective for problem-solving tasks. Using maps, the tasks are simplified using visual heuristics that keep problemsolving times and error rates from rising as quickly as they do with tables.     

Mobile phones and core network growth in Kenya: Strengthening weak ties

In contrast to recent US studies showing a decrease in core network size, our Kenyan data reveals substantial network growth. We attribute this to the diffusion of mobile telephones. Results from pooled survey data from Nairobi professionals and entrepreneurs in 2002 and 2007 as well as qualitative interviews from 2007 to 2009 show virtual saturation in the diffusion of phones during this period, but no direct effect of technology use. What explains this puzzle is a network effect of mobile telephony: increased technological access to existing networks in a context of resource scarcity leads to a strengthening of weak ties and the enhancement of core networks among Kenyans. Video ethnographic data before and after the 2007 post-election unrest supports this interpretation, showing that mobile phones are a crucial resource in managing interpersonal networks for instrumental purposes.     

基于智能手机的控制点测量成果管理助手的实现及应用

本文介绍了一种采用Pocket PC平台的手机来实现控制点测量成果管理的系统,讲述系统的功能设计与实现、运用.