一种基于Web Services的电子政务模式

电子政务极大的提高了政府管理的效率,但是条块分割的电子政务局面却限制了电子政务发挥更大的作用.基于Web Services的电子政务模式是将Web Services的体系结构应用于电子政务系统中,利用基于XML技术的Web Services和UDDI有效解决这一问题.     

Research report: a software solution for rapid policy assessment with reimbursed SMS and mobile cash

In this report, we introduce a system for running reimbursed surveys via text messages and mobile cash. The key advantage of this approach is the ability to conduct rapid surveys at an extremely low cost. After reviewing existing literature, we describe an automated system for conducting such surveys and demonstrate its merits in a proof-of-principle application in India. We obtain substantive insights on the effectiveness of a policy trial that are in line with expert assessments. This application suggests that our approach can be applied to a wide range of problems including impact assessment for policy or developmental aid, and monitoring of public sentiment, and possibly monitoring of conflict dynamics.     

Testing different rank order question layouts for PC and smartphone respondents

We studied the impact of different layouts for rank order questions on respondent effort, data quality, and substantive results among PC and smartphone respondents, in an experiment in an opt-in online panel in Spain, using an order-by-click design. We experimentally varied the device, the number of columns, and, for smartphone respondents, the position of the ‘next’ button in questions on trust in institutions.

We found some evidence of lower data quality for smartphone users but no evidence that presenting ranking items in one column performs differently than two columns. We also find little evidence that these effects differ by the number of response options presented or the number to be ranked. The placement of the ‘next’ button had little effect on performance on ranking items. Overall, our findings suggest that the format and layout of order-by-click questions has little effect on data quality, regardless of device used.     

When near means related: evidence from three web survey experiments on inter-item correlations in grid questions

In this article, we present the results of three question design experiments on inter-item correlations, which tested a grid design against a single-item design. The first and second experiments examined the inter-item correlations of a set with five and seven items, respectively, and the third experiment examined the impact of the question design on inter-item correlations of follow-up questions. We found that the inter-item correlations in grid designs were higher for both the set of five and seven items than for questions in a single-item design. Additionally, the inter-item correlations of the set of follow-up questions were higher if the preceding set of questions was presented in a grid. According to the findings of the present research, respondents seem to apply the interpretative near means related heuristic when answering grid questions, and also when answering follow-up questions preceeded by grid questions.     

Bibliometrics: Understanding Author-, Article- and Journal-Level Metrics

ABSTRACT

Numerous types of metrics are available to assist in the evaluation of scholarship. The focus for this column of In Lay Terms is bibliometrics, the quantitative analysis of publication data using article-, author-, and journal-level data. Citation analysis is the most commonly used bibliometric method. It includes analyzing the number of articles published by an author, the number of citations from those articles, and the ranking of the journals in which those articles were published. This column compares bibliometrics found in Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar and considers the relationship of these metrics to the field of library and information science.     

An application of negative binomial distribution of order k in sensitive surveys

This article is an attempt to generalize some of the recent papers on randomized response techniques by using the negative binomial distribution of order k to randomize the responses in the randomization design where respondents can report outcome of one of two binary devices depending upon their actual status. The relative efficiency results are observed to be better than those of many recent and relevant randomized response techniques. The results are also better than those of the base line model used in this study, providing the sensitive attribute is rare. An extra advantage of the proposed technique is that it does not require any additional sampling and administrative cost.     

Using experts’ consensus (the Delphi method) to evaluate weighting techniques in web surveys not based on probability schemes

Weighting techniques in web surveys based on no probability schemes are devised to correct biases due to self-selection, undercoverage, and nonresponse. In an interactive panel, 38 survey experts addressed weighting techniques and auxiliary variables in web surveys. Most of them corrected all biases jointly and applied calibration and propensity score adjustments. Although they claimed that sociodemographic and web-related variables are the most useful auxiliary variables to employ in adjustments, they considered only sociodemographic variables to correct biases because of their availability.     

Estimating Engel curves: a new way to improve the SILC-HBS matching process using GLM methods

Microdata are required to evaluate the distributive impact of the taxation system as a whole (direct and indirect taxes) on individuals or households. However, in European Union countries this information is usually distributed into two separate surveys: the Household Budget Surveys (HBS), including total household expenditure and its composition, and EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC), including detailed information about households'' income and direct (but not indirect) taxes paid. We present a parametric statistical matching procedure to merge both surveys. For the first stage of matching, we propose estimating total household expenditure in HBS (Engel curves) using a GLM estimator, instead of the traditionally used OLS method. It is a better alternative, insofar as it can deal with the heteroskedasticity problem of the OLS estimates, while making it unnecessary to retransform the regressors estimated in logarithms. To evaluate these advantages of the GLM estimator, we conducted a computational Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, when an error term is added to the deterministic imputation of expenditure in the EU-SILC, we propose replacing the usual Normal distribution of the error with a Chi-square type, which allows a better approximation to the original expenditures variance in the HBS. An empirical analysis is provided using Spanish surveys for years 2012–2016. In addition, we extend the empirical analysis to the rest of the European Union countries, using the surveys provided by Eurostat (EU-SILC, 2011; HBS, 2010).     

互联网的发展与网络文学在当代文坛的地位

源于自然科学的互联网在最具人文色彩和人文精神的文学领域也结出硕果--直接催生了网络文学的产生和蓬勃发展.互联网不仅是网络文学产生的前提和基础,也深深地影响着网络文学从形式到特质的各个方面.网络作品充溢着灵动的思维和鲜活的语言,极具创造力.而Web2.0的出现使得作者与读者间的互动更趋成熟,保证了优秀作品能够及时脱颖而出.伴随网民素质的提高和网络文学规范的形成,网络文学终将实现其经典化过程.     

基于Struts与Hibernate的Web应用系统的设计开发

介绍了Struts与Hibernate这两个开源框架,提出基于这两种框架的WEB应用系统的设计方案,并应用于高校科研管理系统的开发。结果表明,整合开发的系统具有很强的可复用性和可维护性。