行为入法的法哲学分析——以“醉驾”和“常回家看看”为例

站在法哲学的高度,立法的对象应该是外在的行为、行为的负价值、行为的可操作性、行为的主体间性。"醉驾"满足这四个条件,而"常回家看看"并不满足第二、三个条件。一部新的法律法规,应符合法律基本精神,符合社会发展的现状并体现一定范围的前瞻性,在平衡自由、权利、秩序、效率等局部性价值时,在总体上是正价值的,"醉驾"入法理由充足,"常回家看看"并无充分正当的入法理由。     

夫妻议价能力差异对农村老年父母照料行为的影响--基于CHARLS数据的实证研究

为了全面了解夫妻议价能力差异对农村老年父母照料行为的影响,借助纳什议价模型,利用2011年中国健康与养老追踪调查全国基线数据,运用Probit和Tobit模型进行实证分析。研究结果显示：（1）夫妻在家庭资源分配上不仅存在相对权利的较量,还存在偏好差异。随着妻子教育水平、经济水平的提高,妻子更倾向于向亲生父母提供时间照料;（2）父母辈的社会地位和经济差异对于成年子女夫妻家庭资源分配的影响不容小觑。（3）姐妹的替代照料可以有效减轻夫妻对于双方父母的照料责任。研究结果能够让我们更加了解成年子女夫妻之间的权利互动模式,进而能够宏观地了解我国农村家庭养老问题的全貌。     

试论父母在现代家庭教育中角色的转变

传统家庭教育中父母充当了孩子的主宰、保姆、看守或旁观者角色,而现代家庭教育要求父母转变观念,转换角色,与孩子同学习共成长,做名副其实的教育型家长。     

中日大学生及父母的赡养意识

本研究旨在分析中日两国两代人之间赡养父母意识的异同。采用赡养父母意识量表,测量了中国大学生及父母(大学生959人、其父母707人)和日本大学生及父母(大学生636人、其父母368人)的父母赡养意识。结果发现:中国大学生和父母在"与父母同住意识"和"赡养父母意识"上显著高于日本;日本大学生更多地选择"自宅死";中国父母、日本大学生和日本父母的手段性赡养意识显著低于情绪性赡养意识,其中日本父母的手段性赡养意识在各组中最低。     

The inclusive family support model: Facilitating openness for post‐adoptive families

Open adoptions have increased over the past few decades, and although guidance for considering and creating open adoption agreements exist, one area of needed post‐adoption support is helping adoptive birth/first families navigate open‐adoption relationships after finalization. Adoption agencies have a responsibility to assist adoptive parents, who may have fears and concerns about openness, see the potential benefits rather than only the challenges. This article describes a practice model designed by one agency to help families navigate post‐adoption openness. The Inclusive Family Support model is conceptualized through the theoretical perspectives of family systems theory, ambiguous loss and disenfranchised grief, and the transtheoretical model of change. We highlight the major dimensions of the model, how it will be implemented and evaluated at one agency, and discuss implications for practice and policy.     

Adoptive Mothers' and Fathers' Psychological Distress: Parenting Teens Adopted from Birth

Abstract

This study tests pathways to adoptive parents' psychological distress over time and then examines gender differences in psychological distress. Participants included 190 adoptive mothers and 190 adoptive fathers from the longitudinal Minnesota/Texas Adoption Research Project, a study of U.S. domestic infant adoptions. The majority of adoptive parents reported low psychological distress 10 to 20?years post-adoption. Some struggled throughout their adopted youth’s childhood and adolescence. This study utilizes data allowing an examination of parenting during middle childhood and adolescence. For adoptive mothers and fathers, outside stressors significantly predicted psychological distress. For adoptive fathers, perceived parent–child incompatibility was also predictive.     

Between‐ and within‐person predictors of children’s information management following rule violations

The purpose of this study was to better understand both why some children disclose more about their misbehavior to their parents than do other children, as well as why a child discloses to parents about misbehavior in some situations but not in others. Analyses test parental warmth, children's beliefs regarding the legitimacy of parental authority and their own obligation to disclose misbehavior, and parent's responses to children's disclosure of disagreement with parents’ rules and children's misbehavior as predictors of both between‐person and within‐person variations in disclosing and revealing forms of information management. Parent‐child dyads (n = 218) were interviewed during the summers following the child's 5th (M age = 11.9 years) and 6th grade school years. Feeling obligated to disclose rule violations and believing that parents have legitimate authority to impose rules across more topics explained why some children reveal more and conceal less from parents than do other children. Children were more likely to conceal information about the specific topics for which they felt less obligated to disclose rule violations and following rule violations in areas in which their parents previously punished rule violations.     

重庆市幼儿在外就餐现状及家长态度调查

为了解重庆市幼儿在外就餐的现状及家长的态度，以促进幼儿食育教育，本研究采用随机抽样的方法对重庆市358名家长进行问卷调查，结果发现：幼儿在外就餐的现象十分普遍，但饮食行为问题突出。幼儿家长对幼儿营养知识了解较少，对幼儿在外就餐时的食品安全、营养健康、饮食行为习惯等问题感到困惑，同时，对学习幼儿营养健康知识意愿强烈。建议幼儿园、家长和相关部门行动起来，既要加强对幼儿在外就餐的饮食教育，也要为幼儿打造一个安全、健康的就餐环境。     

The socializing role of logical consequences,mild punishments,and reasoning in rule‐breaking contexts involving multifaceted issues

Experimental studies focusing on the socialization role of parental authority exertion in persistent rule‐breaking contexts involving non‐personal issues have recently shown the advantages of using logical consequences over alternative strategies (mild punishments, reasoning, and no‐authority). Using an experimental vignette approach and a sample of 214 adolescents (M_age = 15.28 years), the present study extended these findings by comparing the same parental interventions in a rule‐breaking setting involving a multifaceted issue. Specifically, and based on research anchored in social domain theory, we evaluated how adolescents' perceptions of the issue underlying the multifaceted transgression (personal vs. non‐personal) moderated the effects of authority exertion strategies on socialization indicators. When adolescents perceived the transgression as a non‐personal issue, past results were replicated and enhanced. Adolescents rated the logical consequence as at least as effective as the mild punishment to prevent future transgressions (i.e., more so than reasoning and no‐authority) and as the most acceptable strategy. Furthermore, contrary to the mild punishment, they did not perceive the logical consequence as more autonomy‐thwarting than reasoning. In contrast, adolescents who categorized the transgression as a personal matter rated the logical consequence less favorably, leaving reasoning as a preferred form of intervention. Implications for optimal parenting are discussed.