Testing the Feasibility of Mobile Audio-Based Recovery Material as an Adjunct to Intensive Outpatient Treatment for Veterans with Substance Abuse Disorders

This pilot study explored the feasibility of mobile media players as a resource to help veterans in recovery for alcohol abuse and dependence disorders. Twenty veterans, enrolled in intensive outpatient treatment at a Veterans Hospital, participated in this study. Participants were provided an iPod loaded with recovery-related audio podcasts, and surveys were conducted before and after the intervention. Participants generally indicated they used the device regularly, thought it was useful and wished they had access to this type of support earlier in their recovery process.     

A Family Perspective for Substance Abuse: Implications from the Literature

SUMMARY

This paper calls for researchers and treatment providers to increase their recognition of the role that family and family functioning has for understanding the incidence and impact of substance abuse. Substance abuse is identified as a family problem by exploring its occurrence within families as well as its impact on marital relationship, family violence, and child abuse and neglect. The impact of substance abuse on the roles of spouses and parents are examined, as is the impact of substance abuse on children at various developmental stages. The role of the family as participant in active substance abuse as well as a valuable treatment resource is also explored. Finally, the authors present recommendations for increasing the focus on family in substance abuse research.     

The Order of Alcohol-Related Life Experiences

Abstract

The pur pose of this study was to test hy poth e ses con cern-ing gen der dif fer ences among men and women di ag nosed with al cohol-re lated prob lems. The in stru ment was ad min is tered to sub j ects from a hos pi tal-based al co hoi ism treat ment pro gram as well as from Al ccr holies Anon y mous (A A) and Women for So bri ety (WFS). Women ex peri enced eight of the hy poth e sized 12 more woman-spe cific items ear lier in their drink ing ca reers than did men. ANOVAs per formed on the frequency of al co hol-re lated life events re vealed sig nif i cant differ ences between women and men on seven items. There were clear gender differ ences with re gard to the se quence and fre quency of al co hol-re lated life ex pe ri ences. On the ba sis of the pre lim i nary find ings, the au thors pro pose to ere ate and test a woman-spe cific al co hoi ism-screen ing in stru-ment.     

Towards a Structural-Environmental Model of Risk for HIV and Problem Drinking in Latino Labor Migrants: The Case of Day Laborers

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to describe a researchable conceptual model of structural-environmental (SE) risk for HIV and problem drinking in Latino labor migrants (LLMs) in the United States, with an emphasis on day laborers. Implications for developing SE prevention interventions that target risky situations, embedded in stressful living and working conditions, and not simply risky behaviors are discussed. Presently, most HIV and alcohol-related research on LLMs in the U.S. has focused almost exclusively on assessing and modifying behavioral risk, which, while important, teaches us very little about the broader environmental context of risk in this unique population of Latinos. Literature is reviewed regarding what is known about risk for HIV and problem drinking, as well as contextual factors in LLMs in general and day laborers in particular, as a prelude to describing a SE risk model and basic research methods necessary for its exploration and development. Foundational SE risk frameworks in the HIV/AIDS literature are discussed as well as examples of SE prevention interventions that enhance environmental resources and activities and hence coping with risky situations at the individual level.     

宋代军队中的酒业经营及宋廷政策

宋代军队中的酒业经营特别是买扑经营,是宋代军队营利性经营活动的重要方面,它与宋代酒业的发展、经营模式,与宋廷政策密切相关;这一活动在南宋前期尤为突出;各军在政府扶持下建立酒库,造酒酤卖,获利丰厚,利归本军;军队酒业经营合法与非法并存,政府不时出台政策加以调控;军队酒业经营除赡军之外,又成为将帅谋私的重要渠道。     

固体超强酸催化合成己酸丁酯

以固体超强酸S2O82-蛐SnO2-SiO2为催化剂,己酸和正丁醇为原料,合成酒用香料己酸丁酯.考察了浸渍液浓度、锡硅摩尔比、焙烧温度、酸醇摩尔比、反应时间、催化剂用量等条件对酯化率的影响,得出了适宜的催化剂制备条件和酯化反应条件.当取己酸用量为0.1 mol,n（正丁醇）：n（己酸）=3：1,反应时间为2.0 h,催化剂用量为0.50 g时,酯化率可达99.1%.     

Drink Sluts,Brats and Immigrants as Others

Drawing on an analysis of the media debate on two Swedish rape cases involving alcohol, the present article argues that social norms and power structures are made visible both when debaters ascribe explanatory power to alcohol and when they do not. Using feminist intersectional theory, we argue that when debaters employ the concepts of “foreign culture” and “jet-set drinking culture,” respectively, to explain the rapes, they simultaneously (re)produce stereotypical discourses on gender, sexuality, class and ethnicity/nationality. The troublesome positions of the Immigrant, the Drink Slut and the Brat symbolize how these discourses intersect in the specific cases. To understand why alcohol is central in explaining rape in a fashionable area, but not in a socially disadvantaged area, we suggest that the official image of Sweden as a gender-equal, sexually liberal and multicultural society with small class differences blocks discussion of existing inequalities within the country. When rape happens in a place constructed as a “Swedish middle- and upper-class area,” alcohol and intoxication are used to symbolize the “uncivilized,” unpleasant and malicious among Swedish men. When rape happens in “socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods” populated by “immigrants,” the unpleasant instead resides in the “foreign culture.”     

当前亲杀犯罪的特点及成因分析

以贵州亲杀案为样本进行分析。当前亲杀犯罪多发生在农村,被告人多系低学历的男性农民;经济利益纠纷及婚姻家庭矛盾纠纷是主要诱因;激情犯罪和酒后犯罪的特征明显,且犯罪手段残忍,暴力程度深,后果严重。生活贫困、价值观扭曲、家庭暴力、思想观念愚昧落后、社会保障体系不健全等因素是亲杀犯罪发生的主要根源。     

说汉语儿童人称指示语使用错误个案分析

运用数理统计、个案研究法、观察法等方法对两名说汉语儿童从1岁到3岁半的跟踪调查研究发现儿童习得人称指示语的顺序为：我→你→他→我们→你们→他们.此外,儿童习得人称指示语的过程中出现了各种误用现象,如：直称误用、直称与第一人称混用、第一人称与第二人称混用、第三人称误用、单数人称指示语与复数人称指示语混用.各种误用的研究分析对儿童习得指示语有指导意义.     

Keep out of the reach of children: parental unemployment and children's accident risks in Sweden 1991–1993

In the early 1990s, unemployment levels increased dramatically in Sweden. Although the effects of unemployment on unemployed individuals are well-documented, research on parental unemployment and children has been neglected. The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between parental unemployment and children's accident risks in Sweden for the period 1991–1993. Two independent samples are used: the Swedish Level of Living Survey 1991 (original sample 6,733 individuals) and the Swedish Longitudinal Study among Unemployed 1992–1993 (original sample 792). The samples were taken during periods of both low and high unemployment. The results indicate that parental unemployment is associated with increased accident risks among children in 1991, 1992 and 1993. The increased risks do not seem to be due to the effects of adverse selection into unemployment on parental well-being, financial difficulties or alcohol consumption. It is also suggested that low parental well-being is of causal significance within the unemployed group.