Female-partnered women conceiving kinship: Does sharing a sperm donor mean we are family?

ABSTRACT

This qualitative study explored how 36 initially female-partnered mothers defined their own, and their children's, relationships with families who share their unknown sperm donor (i.e., “linked” families). Shared genetics among children were sometimes sufficient to describe relationships among linked families as familial, especially from the children's perspectives. Most women described their own relationships with linked families as significant but not necessarily in traditional family terms. Family terms were sometimes seen as undermining ties to siblings and genetically unrelated mothers. As shared experiences have come to define “chosen family,” definitions of significant relationships must expand to include those defined by shared genetics alone.     

新公共管理的局限性及改进路径

新公共管理局限性的实践表征主要有伦理上的道德约束问题、制度上的市场限度问题、结构上的机构裂化问题、领导上的政治控制问题和文化上的模式转移问题共五个方面,其理论根源主要是经济学理论基础及单维价值取向、功能性组织模型及碎片化治理和管理学途径及企业化方法.新公共管理局限性的改进路径主要包括三个方面:从经济性价值到公共性价值,推行民主行政及公民参与;从功能性导向到问题性导向,引入整体政府及整体治理;从管理途径到多元化途径,寻求学科整合及知识增长.     

月亮别称与神话传说

月亮别称约有一百多种,关于月亮的神话传说也有398篇,本文通过分类解读月亮别称的内涵,反映出月亮别称就是古代神话传说的折射和回响,是月神话活的形式,是月神话活下来的真正的实体。     

视频分享网站间接侵权责任研究

在网络传播过程中,视频内容的不合法性是视频分享网站网络产业发展的瓶颈,因视频作品多为网络用户上传,所以其间接侵权责任的认定则是推动网络服务经济发展的关键。视频分享网站法律主体地位的特殊性决定了其间接侵权的认定。视频分享网站属于网络平台服务提供者,存在着“二次销售”的现象,因此其间接侵权行为可以分为帮助侵权和替代侵权。帮助侵权中的过错认定关键在于明确其注意义务;而替代侵权认定中的“直接经济利益”则是指通过从网络直接侵权行为中实际获得的单独费用或其所增加的费用。     

考虑决策者心理行为的混合型随机多属性决策方法

针对混合型随机多属性决策问题,提出一种考虑决策者心理行为的决策分析方法。在该方法中,首先将具有离散型随机变量、灰色型随机变量和语言型变量形式的属性值规范化到区间内;然后将决策者给出的针对不同时期的属性期望视为参照点,并通过计算方案属性值与参照点的距离构建方案的益损矩阵;进一步地,依据累计前景理论,计算方案在不同属性上的收益和损失价值,并在此基础上,通过集结不同属性和不同时期的方案前景值确定各方案的综合前景值,进而依据得到的综合前景值确定方案排序结果。最后,通过一个算例说明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

Suranho healing: Filipino concepts of intellectual disability and treatment choices in Negros Occidental

This qualitative study investigated the use of folk medicine by families for people with intellectual disability in the Philippines. Workers from Negros Occidental who support people with intellectual disability participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings show families seek the intervention of a folk healer before seeking primary healthcare support and a prosperous cultural use of folk medicine exists across the Philippines. Intellectual impairment is perceived by some Filipinos to be caused by supernatural forces. Socio-cultural constructs of intellectual disability probably influence health outcomes for this populace. If primary healthcare tools and resources for people with intellectual disability that are developed in higher-income nations are to have the potential to be transferred into other settings, understanding of attitudes towards alternative medicine is needed.     

WILCOXON-TYPE RANK-SUM PRECEDENCE TESTS

This paper introduces Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence tests for testing the hypothesis that two life‐time distribution functions are equal. They extend the precedence life‐test first proposed by Nelson in 1963. The paper proposes three Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence test statistics—the minimal, maximal and expected rank‐sum statistics—and derives their null distributions. Critical values are presented for some combinations of sample sizes, and the exact power function is derived under the Lehmann alternative. The paper examines the power properties of the Wilcoxon‐type rank‐sum precedence tests under a location‐shift alternative through Monte Carlo simulations, and it compares the power of the precedence test, the maximal precedence test and Wilcoxon rank‐sum test (based on complete samples). Two examples are presented for illustration.     

三峡库区城镇布局结构特征及发展框架构建研究

重庆三峡库区城镇分布呈现出的断带性和单体性、城镇协作的松散性、空间布局的非均衡性、发展水平的非平衡性、职能类型结构的单一性、产业组合的同构性、城镇工业空洞化等特点,严重阻滞着库区社会经济的发展.为此,必须建立三个"金三角"城镇级次群落体系,构建重庆三峡库区城镇带,以此为支撑,培育以奉节、万州、涪陵、长寿为核心的特色产业集群,组建三峡库区城镇新型产业带.     

Midlife Lesbian Parenting

Summary

This study explores the experience of nine midlife lesbian mothers parenting young children. The participants live in the greater Bay Area of San Francisco.

The participants reported positive feelings about their parenting experience. They felt confident and secure in midlife, and this enhanced their parenting. Their own maturation issues, whether they were coming out or other developmental concerns, seem successfully traversed, leaving them more inner resources for mothering.

Participants experienced acceptance from the larger culture, as well as discrimination and ignorance. Participants experienced little conflict regarding nurturing with their partner and little conflict with respect to their identities as mothers.     

丙烷作为冰箱、空调制冷工质毛细管最佳长度的计算

本文以计算传热学、流体力学为研究手段,利用数值计算的方法模拟出所需毛细管的最佳几何尺寸及随工况变化时的情况,建立相应的物理模型和模型、编制程度,计算出以丙烷（R290）作工质的小型制冷设备毛细管的长度,为毛细管的选择建立一定的理论依据。