夏文化探索中的方法问题——"夏商周断代工程"结题后的反思(二)

目前,学术界公认中国历史上有个夏代。但由于文献记载太过简略,使后人对当时的社会历史状况知之甚少。在这种情况下,人们寄希望于考古工作者从地下找到夏代遗存。然而,在夏文化探索中,由于研究者的思路与所用方法不同,故而得出的结论也明显有异。由此,出现争论与分歧。于是,如何鉴别相关结论是否合理可信就成为学术界同人思索的问题。本文在对夏文化探索的现状进行回顾的基础上,围绕文化因素分析法与都城分析法,对分歧及其缘由作了详细探讨。文中还就坚持正确思路,采用科学方法。按科学规程操作对夏文化探索工作的重要性,谈了自己的看法。     

Enduring not enjoying? Emotional responses to studying abroad among Danish and Chinese students

ABSTRACT

Students’ emotions during stays abroad have mainly been treated as ”culture shock”, where difficulties are interpreted as universal ”stages” towards ”adaptation”. This paper explores how students from different cultural and educational traditions experience studying abroad differently. The study presents a qualitative study of 18 Danish and Chinese students in Chinese and Danish universities and situates itself within the literature on culture shock, student emotions and study-abroad experiences. The study exposes the students’ complex emotions throughout their studies abroad and explains how these emotions relate to processes of self-formation, professional and academic development, increase or decrease in freedom, and student agency.     

前台、帷幕、后台--民族文化保护与旅游开发的新模式探索

针对民族文化保护与旅游开发的矛盾问题,文章借用美国社会人类学家马康纳"前台、后台"理论,提出了民族文化保护与旅游开发的"前台、帷幕、后台"模式,希望通过这一新模式合理地解决民族文化保护与旅游开发之间的矛盾冲突,并以美国印第安人文化保护和世界文化遗产丽江古城等为案例进行了初步的分析,为民族文化的保护与旅游开发提供了理论和实践的依据.     

越南濒危民族语言的现状及应对濒危语言的政策

由于交际环境变小、与其它人口多的民族杂居等原因,越南的尔都、布依、仡佬、阿连和马良等少数民族的语言正在出现逐渐消亡的危机。要保留和发展这些濒危语言,笔者认为这些民族必须得到良好的普通话(即国家通用语言)教育,以便创造与各民族进行平等交际的环境。同时,要多种形式地组织这些民族的传统文化活动,为他们使用母语进行交际创造环境。     

论政治文明的文化选择

文化即人化,它是人类所创造的精神成果和物质成果的总和;文明是文化的结晶,是文化主体对人类文化中野蛮性、愚昧性不断扬弃的结果,是人类有目的、有选择地过滤人类文化、形成合理文化内核的过程。中国当前的政治文明建设,需要走出“精华”和“糟粕”的简单二分的误区,用外来文化中国化、传统文化现代化,来开辟中国文化发展之路。弱化暴力色彩,强化仁政效应,构建中国特色的政治文明。     

文化视阈下构建党内和谐的路径分析

党的自身文化建设与党内关系和谐紧密相连,党内和谐孕育升华党内先进文化,党内先进文化促进党内和谐;实现党内和谐,必然要求党加强自身的党内文化建设,必然要求党内具有先进文化。文化的本质属性决定了必须加强党内文化建设;全球化背景下,党内文化建设面临着前所未有的严峻挑战。构建党内和谐必须加强党内和谐文化建设,将"四个坚持"进行到底,即坚持以马克思主义文化观为指导、坚持激发两大动力、坚持抓好四个着力点和坚持"五个相统一"。     

文字狂欢的背后——从弹幕窥析新媒体传播

近10年弹幕网站日益发展壮大,成为诸多网络流行语的诞生地。弹幕作为一种亚文化的技术呈现,为受众提供了想象的空间与解构话语权威的路径。但以弹幕网站为代表的新媒体平台并没有真正发挥出意义建构的作用,新媒体对文化意义的建构还有待于受众对新媒体技术的掌握和自身文化素养的提高。     

‘Becoming’ a possible threat: masculinity,culture and questioning among unaccompanied young men in Sweden

A debate on masculinity and immigration rose across Europe in 2015 after an incident with sexual harassments taking place in Cologne, Germany. The incident refuelled a debate positioning unaccompanied young men as a possible threat. This article is based on a research project where we during this time ethnographically followed 20 young men, having arrived in Sweden as ‘unaccompanied’ minors. The aim is to examine how the young men themselves talk about, reflect on and negotiate masculinity and gender during this period. The article concludes that masculinity cannot be approached as something stable easily being inherited or transferred from one’s origins. One difference for ‘unaccompanied’ young men is how conflicts or tensions emerging in relation to issues of gender and masculinity tend to be interpreted differently, and publicly, putting the young men in a ‘gendered situation of questioning’.     

Rape culture,misogyny, and urban anxiety in NH10 and Pink

One of the most pervasive aspects of Delhi’s post-liberalization psychopathology has been everyday violence against women. The city’s rape culture was given an exceptionally sharp global focus after the horrific gang rape of Jyoti Singh on December 16, 2012. Recent Hindi cinema has begun to engage with some aspects of the capital’s misogynist urban ethos. In this paper, I look at how the Delhi subgenre of the “multiplex film” has engaged with rape culture, misogyny, and urban anxiety through a close textual and discursive analysis of two recent films—NH10 (Navdeep Singh, 2015) and Pink (Aniruddha Roy Chowdhury, 2016). Specifically, I identify how the December 16 “trigger event” and Delhi’s notorious misogyny are finding newer modes of representation through the interplay of genre and exhibition space. In what ways do these films position and imagine the “multiplex viewer”? New engagements with the figure of the consuming middle-class woman and the public discourses that surround her sexual safety and navigation of space have taken a central position in understanding the present urban psychosis of the capital. I suggest that these films and the forms of spectatorial identification that they privilege are intricately linked to the gendered spatial politics of the multiplex.