日本近代“私小说”中忏悔主题的两个影响源

日本近代“私小说”中的忏悔与佛教忏悔不同,它基本上是西方基督教体系内的,但“私小说”很快又扬弃了纯宗教性的忏悔,转向了伦理的、道德的告白。基督教和卢梭《忏悔录》构成了日本近代“私小说”中忏悔主题的两个影响源,二者在日本传统文化的接受和变异下,促生了“私小说”独特的忏悔主题。     

魏晋时期之相人术与魏晋社会

与两汉时期相比,魏晋时期的相人术至少有五点重要发展,而且从各个方面对社会产生深刻影响。当时的社会状况、学术思潮、社会风尚、宗教等都对相人术产生了重大的推动作用,从中可观察出我国古代术数文化发展史的两大特点。     

国有企业委托代理问题及对策

国有企业在进行股份制改造后,就在所有者与经营者之间形成了委托代理关系,即所有者委托经营者为实现所有者的利益而从事某些活动。本文通过分析我国国有企业委托代理链中的各个环节,找出我国国有企业由于存在多级契约安排而引起的多层委托代理问题,从而探讨完善我国公司治理结构的对策及措施。为我国国有企业改革提供有益的理论指导。     

对万加特纳模型及罗瑞-萨维奇问题解法的改进

笔者对一种项目投资组合方案优选方法进行了分析,用两阶段双向排序均衡法对经典的万加特纳模型和罗瑞-萨维奇问题的解法给予改进.     

The relative autonomy of the state and the origins of British welfare policy

This paper assesses the relative influence of organizational vs. class power in affecting the timing and the shape of the British welfare reforms of 1908–1911. Rather than viewing these reforms as either the outcome of the direct pressure of business or as an internal response from a newly bureaucratized state to solve social problems, this analysis finds more evidence for a perspective that emphasizes the more indirect, more mediated class biases inherent in the British state as setting the context within which action on welfare reform occurred. Specifically, I argue that state managers used their newly developed organizational capacity to shape the Liberal reforms according to their own purposes but these purposes were limited by several class-based factors. The historical conclusions point to a synthesis of the relative autonomy approaches to the capitalist state advanced in the neo-Marxist work of Poulantzas, Offe, and Block.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1988 meetings of the Eastern Sociological Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.     

中美价值观的差异对人权问题的影响

由于中美两国在价值观上的差异,因此在人权的概念、人权与主权的关系以及人权标准是否具有普遍性等问题上有着很大的分歧,导致人权问题成为了中美之间最突出最有争议性的问题之一。对此,中美必须以双方在其他重要领域的共同利益为重,在人权问题上从对抗走向对话,在尊重对方价值观的基础上做出切实有效的努力,消除彼此由于价值观差异造成的猜疑,建立起相互信任全面合作的关系。     

试论政党与公民社会间的双向赋权

政党与公民社会的关系可分为一元关系与二元关系。一元关系可具体分为政党优位关系和公民社会优位关系,而二元关系又可分为温和二元关系和极化二元关系。从规范意义上讲,在这四种关系中,笔者最倾向温和二元关系。温和二元关系的实质是实现政党与公民社会的双向赋权。双向赋权指向到政党与公民社会的合法性问题。哈贝马斯的"重建的合法性"概念实质便是本文所论及的双向赋权,即构建一个政党与公民社会之间的交往共同体,政党与公民社团都可以自由而平等的介入其中,通过论辩和协商达成双方的合意与共识。在中国,这种相互赋权的重要推进途径便是党社协商。     

双向期权在供应链协调中的应用

本文分析了在由批发价格合同和双向期权合同组成的合同菜单下零售商的最优订货策略,并给出了能够协调供应链的合同菜单形式。本文所给出的合同菜单形式具有独立于随机需求的概率分布的性质,从而具有很好的适用性和鲁棒性。     

Acknowledging the historical contributions of Black Youth's civic engagement in society

Historical contributions of Black youth voices and actions are overlooked from many of the narratives of youth civic engagement (YCE) literature. Specifically, the histories and stories of African American youth in the United States and Black Caribbean youth in the Anglophone Caribbean. The shared socio and political obstacles these particular groups have encountered throughout history shaped similar paths for their involvement in civic society to address many of these social and racial injustices. The article's premise centers on the need for the YCE literature to acknowledge the historical civic contributions African American and Black Caribbean youth have made throughout history. Fundamental historical civic movements that were designed, developed, and supported by Black youth set the tone of Black youth's civic engagement throughout history. These were shaped and contextualized by three specific macrosystem influences (political suppression, institutional racism, and cultural oppression). When YCE scholars begin to make greater meaning of the foundations and critical work developed by Black youth civic activists, a more comprehensive field emerges. With the acknowledgment and inclusion of civic contributions created and implemented during historical eras, more profound meaning is gained of civic engagement among communities and people who have generally been disenfranchised. Coming to terms with their civic legacies developed from racial injustices provides a more comprehensive depiction of civic engagement as a field and body of literature.     

论经学背景下的东汉归隐现象

汉武帝独尊儒术后,＂学而优则仕＂成为士人一种主要人生追求,但在经学兴盛的东汉,不少儒生却隐居不仕或暂时不仕。经学发达与隐居不仕这一表面上看似矛盾的现象,其实有着内在必然性,它与部分儒生清静无欲、专心经学有关,也是士人生存环境发生改变、汉代选官制度滞后的产物。这类士人或专心习经,或隐居教授,推动了东汉经学的发展;他们习经目的单纯,与当时社会上一些钻营者形成鲜明对比,无形中起了＂激贪厉俗＂的作用。东汉经学士子的隐逸,大多只是暂时的,并不表明学仕分途。