浅谈土族民俗中的生育文化

土族民间祈求生育的风俗所包容的文化内涵 ,反映了土族人民的良好愿望和民俗心理 ,文章对此研究和探讨 ,有益于革新除旧 ,建立新的生育观念和计划生育工作的开展。     

女性的别一种呼唤--试比较两代女作家的创作

以陈染、林白为代表的60年代出生女作家与以卫慧、棉棉为代表的"新新人类"女作家,以她们对私语空间中女性隐秘经验的描写取得了写作姿态上的形似,但却遮掩不住内在的差异。在共同的对性及父亲形象的描写中,"新新人类"写作都缺乏前代女作家深层的对男权文化的精神抗拒与反叛,从而使女性写作发生了断裂甚至倒退,陈染、林白式的女性写作意义也借话语革命得以突显。     

Pills,Periods, and Postfeminism

Since the English translation of Elsimar Coutinho's Is Menstruation Obsolete? in 1999 and the introduction of cycle-stopping birth control pills in 2003, US women are increasingly advised that menstruation is not necessary for good health. The most widely distributed source of such messages is direct-to-consumer advertisements for birth control pills. The most recent television ads for Seasonique, the leading brand of cycle-stopping contraceptive in the US, minimize the pill's contraceptive function and focus instead on their effectiveness in reducing the frequency of menstruation. A close reading of these commercials reveals them to be an integral part of an emerging postfeminist media culture that attempts to solidify a new, neoliberal subjectivity for women. This subjectivity imposes an idealized, docile, non-menstruating feminine body, ready for full-time participation in the neoliberal economy.     

临水夫人的造神背景与传播特色

临水夫人是福建省第二大民间信仰女神，她堪称与妈祖齐名的闽地内陆女神，其信仰产生具有鲜明的闽地历史背景，造神与传播过程也独有特色。     

Differential fertility in Ontario. An application of factorial design to a demographic problem

This paper describes the use of a probability sample to survey differential fertility. 475 women were randomly selected from the 1941 Census of Canada to provide tests of the existence of five differentials: income, present age, age by marriage, schooling and distance from a city. The sample was limited to one province and to two contrasting values of each of the five differentials under study. Significant differences are found for the effective distance as well as for age at marriage and schooling. This is taken as signifying that the diffusion of the small-family pattern has a spatial dimension.     

Exploring Fatherhood Diversity

SUMMARY

Our analysis, grounded in a social constructionist perspective, explores the theoretical and political complexities facing researchers and policymakers as they attempt to conceptualize, study, and promote fathers' involvement with their children. Taking into account the growing diversity of life course and residency patterns for men and children today, we stress how the definition of fatherhood and conceptualization of paternal involvement are interwoven. As our starting point, we highlight how diverse stakeholders construct differing images and types of fatherhood during an era when men are “doing fatherhood” in a wide range of contexts. Next, we explore issues associated with a broad conceptualization of father involvement, influence, and motivation with an eye toward fatherhood diversity. We then consider how several family processes are implicated in the way men develop, negotiate, and sustain their rights, privileges, and obligations as fathers in different types of family structures. We conclude by suggesting how our treatment of these issues can guide future research on fatherhood.     

International Adoption: Counseling and the Adoption Triad

Despite a 60-plus–year history of international adoption (IA) placements, the body of research exploring counseling and psychological interventions for those affected by IA is still in its infancy. This critical review of the state of the literature addresses research, theory, and practice relevant to the international adoption triad (adoptive parents, birth parents, and adoptees). We highlight the lack of empirical attention to the clinical needs of birth parents, the tendency to overlook the clinical needs of adoptive parents both pre- and post-adoption, early childhood vulnerability in international adoptees, and adolescent identity challenges and the attendant clinical issues.     

<史记>"孔子生年"索源

自异载孔子生年之《史记》问世,二千余年孔诞之争不决;然,《史记》“鲁襄公二十二年”者,何所据源,诚当考辨析明之。考《世本》载记孔子生年说,纯系子虚乌有。至今所见文献,可为《史记》“孔子生年”载记之源者,惟公、谷二传《春秋》耳;不过司马迁之误解《春秋》历纪,乃助后世曲纪孔子生辰千有余年矣．     

Uncertainty and the Second Space: Modern Birth Timing and the Dilemma of Education

This paper focuses on the relationship between experiential and statistical uncertainties in the timing of births in Cameroon (Central Africa). Most theories of fertility level and change emphasize the emergence of parity-specific control, treating desired family size as both central, and stable across the life course. By contrast, this paper argues for a theory of reproduction that emphasizes process, social context, and contingency. The paper concentrates on the second birth interval, showing that it is longer and more variable among educated than among uneducated women. The paper argues that this difference is due to the specific forms of uncertainty associated with education in contemporary Cameroon.     

教育回归生命本原--对生育文化及其所承载教育价值的思考

在传统教育体系中,生育文化与教育的关联历来不被人重视,生育文化常常被认为是与教育相关不大或毫无相关的领域,从教育的视角对生育文化问题的关注较少.但是在儿童个体生命成长过程中,生育文化的影响和重要的教育价值是不容忽视的.研究和探讨教育人类学视野中的生育文化及其研究价值,希望能够对关注教育、关注文化的教育价值、关注除学校以外更大教育空间的人们提供一个看待教育的新的视角,从而对教育发展有一定启示.