文化夹缝中的现代“怨女”——论现代女性作家笔下的母女冲突

在“五四”女性小说中,出现了大量的“怨女”形象。这种形象的出现,是因为在新的文化转型时期,现代新女性陷入了“慈母之爱”与“情人之爱”的纠葛与冲突之中。由于母女之间特殊的血缘和文化上的关联,现代新女性在文化冲突中无法清晰地对自身的文化处境作出判断。     

"五四"女作家笔下"贤妻良母"的新内涵

"贤妻良母"曾一度被看成是封建女性的代名词.冰心、陈衡哲等"五四"女作家根据自己的人生体验,理智、谨慎地对民族、文化、历史进行审视和反省,扬弃了传统的女性角色.她们对女性标准人格和角色定位做出了准确把握,从思想基础、自身修养和社会尊重等三个方面赋予了贤妻良母新内涵,在文化观念方面为女性解放创造了良好条件.     

母语在外语词汇学习中的作用:一次实证研究

在外语教学研究中存在着争论 ,其中焦点之一就是母语的作用 :有人极力主张在外语教学中应以母语作为媒介语 ,而有人则坚决反对借助母语学习外语。本次实证研究证明 :母语对外语词汇的记忆速度、长时记忆以及词汇应用均具有积极作用 ,母语在外语学习中是一种不可忽略的基础     

李颀籍贯考辨

李颀作品中有近20首诗涉及颍阳和嵩山，“我本家颍北”更明确指出其家乡的具体位置；在唐代，颍阳、嵩阳和登封是有复杂关系的三个地名；东川作为行政建制是在李颀死后才有的。通过考辨，文章认为李颀郡望为河北赵郡，籍贯为唐时河南府颍阳县，即今河南省登封市颍阳镇；东川乃李颀归隐颍阳的一别业名称而已。     

Challenges for Studying Care After AFDC

Mandatory work and low wages after the end of AFDC may propel changes in the caregiving of children and dependent elders in single-mother families. This article suggests some challenges facing researchers who will examine care in single-mother families. Drawing on a qualitative study of care in the last years of welfare, and on social network analysis, it suggests how changes in resources, networks, and norms may affect practices of care and also make it difficult to discover the changes.     

The United States as a Sending Country for Intercountry Adoption: Birth Parents’ Rights Versus the 1993 Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption

This article reviews the relatively new and emerging issue of children from the United States being placed in intercountry adoption. It specifically explores current practices of intercountry adoption involving the United States as a country of origin within the framework of the 1993 Hague Convention on the Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Intercountry Adoption. Data from several receiving countries are explored to identify commonalities and concerns related to the practice of placing U.S. children with foreign families and the role of the birth parents in this process. The authors conclude with recommendations for future research and improved practice.     

No right time: the significance of reproductive timing for younger and older mothers' moralities

Drawing on a small qualitative study of younger and older mothers, this article argues that the timing of motherhood is significant for the construction of classed maternal moralities. It is based on qualitative data generated during a year of fieldwork, with a group of mothers who had their first child when particularly younger or older than average. My discussion of mothers' accounts highlights the multitude of different ‘right’ times mothers evoked and their struggles to reconcile them. In particular I identify there were two normative and conflicting discourses about the ‘right’ time for motherhood the narrative of appropriately timed motherhood and the discourse of generational right time. This article highlights the classed dimensions of normative discourses about the timing of motherhood and draws attention to the lifecourse dis‐synchronicities which these two groups of women faced around becoming a mother, especially the older group for whom this had important intergenerational consequences.     

THE CASE FOR PARITY AND BIRTH-ORDER STATISTICS

Parity refers to the number of (live) births that a woman (or man) has had. Birth order refers to whether a birth is the first, second, third or higher‐order birth of the parent. In the context of low and shifting fertility, parity and birth‐order statistics are becoming increasingly important for understanding fertility trends and patterns, for policy, and for carrying out projections of future fertility. In Australia, the main sources of demographic data are birth, death and marriage registers, and the five‐yearly national census. Both the birth registers and the census are ideally placed to collect data required to calculate parity and birth‐order statistics. However not all Australian states and territories collect or code the necessary information in the birth registers, and the parity question ‘For each female, how many babies has she ever had?’ is only asked every second census; that is, once every 10 years. In this paper, we outline the importance and uses of parity and birth‐order statistics. We discuss the Australian data available at present and their gaps and shortcomings. We then describe the ‘gold standard’ of parity and birth‐order statistics and how Australia can achieve this standard through some minor changes to the data collection process.     

董源事迹考略

存世的历史文献大都将曾仕南唐的著名画家董源载入宋代画史,但对其事迹的记述却极其简略。因此,关于董源的生卒年及其是否入宋任职等问题,就成了学术界颇费猜测的疑团。通过解读宋人著述中的相关史料,试图对上述问题作出比较明确的回答,并勾画出董源生平的大致梗概。     

Interracial‐Interethnic Unions and Fertility in the United States

How does the fertility of interracial and interethnic couples compare to the fertility of endogamous couples? If exogamous couples have transcended the boundary between them, then exogamy should not affect fertility. Alternatively, opposition to the relationship from the couple’s family and friends may reduce fertility. This study uses 2000 – 2005 American Community Survey data on married (n = 272,336) and cohabiting (n = 48,769) couples to compare the fertility of endogamous and exogamous couples. Interracial and interethnic partnering do not affect fertility for cohabiting, Black‐White, Mexican‐White, and Puerto Rican‐White intermarried couples, but it does reduce fertility in Chinese‐White and Asian Indian‐White intermarriages. These results are largely consistent with the argument that intermarried couples have transcended group boundaries.