法律选择中的例外条款

通过对采用例外条款的各国国际私法立法的比较,分析例外条款存在的合理性。探讨例外条款在国际私法典中的作用及其法理基础和存在价值。并对例外条款的未来发展趋势进行思考。     

Decision Making in `Random in a Broad Sense' Environments

It is shown that the uncertainty connected with a `random in a broad sense' (not necessarily stochastic) event always has some `statistical regularity' (SR) in the form of a family of finite-additive probability distributions. The specific principle of guaranteed result in decision making is introduced. It is shown that observing this principle of guaranteed result leads to determine the one optimality criterion corresponding to a decision system with a given `statistical regularity'.     

Stochastic Choice and Consistency in Decision Making Under Risk: An Experimental Study

This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to uncover the stochastic structure of individual preferences over lotteries. Unlike previous experiments, which have presented subjects with pair-wise choices between lotteries, our design allowed subjects to choose between two lotteries or (virtually) any convex combination of the two lotteries. We interpret the mixtures of lotteries chosen by subjects as a measure of the stochastic structure of choice. We test between two alternative interpretations of stochastic choice: the random utility interpretation and the deterministic preferences interpretation. The main findings of the experiment are that the typical subject prefers mixtures of lotteries rather than the extremes of a linear lottery choice set. The distribution of choices does not change between a first and second asking of the same question. We argue that this provides support for the deterministic preferences interpretation over the random utility interpretation of stochastic choice. As a subsidiary result, we find a small proportion of subjects make choices that violate transitivity, but the level of intransitive choice falls significantly over time.     

A Theory of Rational Choice under Ignorance

This paper contributes to a theory of rational choice for decision-makers with incomplete preferences due to partial ignorance, whose beliefs are representable as sets of acceptable priors. We focus on the limiting case of `Complete Ignorance' which can be viewed as reduced form of the general case of partial ignorance. Rationality is conceptualized in terms of a `Principle of Preference-Basedness', according to which rational choice should be isomorphic to asserted preference. The main result characterizes axiomatically a new choice-rule called `Simultaneous Expected Utility Maximization'. It can be interpreted as agreement in a bargaining game (Kalai-Smorodinsky solution) whose players correspond to the (extremal) `acceptable priors' among which the decision maker has suspended judgment. An essential but non-standard feature of Simultaneous Expected Utility choices is their dependence on the entire choice set. This is justified by the conception of optimality as compromise rather than as superiority in pairwise comparisons.     

论二元户籍制度在中国的生成

我国二元户籍制度的构建过程分为三个阶段,即制度初建阶段、法制建设阶段和制度完善阶段。大量研究成果表明,二元户籍制度在中国的生成是经济、社会、政治及意识形态等因素综合影响的结果,其中政府最高决策层在制度选择过程中起到了决定性作用,并深刻影响了近三十年来的户籍制度改革进程。     

2006年北京地区大学应届毕业生职业价值观调查研究

本研究旨在考察当代大学毕业生的择业意向与职业价值观。本研究以2006年北京地区大学应届毕业生为研究对象,使用自编的问卷调查了北京25所大学的425名应届毕业生。调查结果揭示,当代大学生看重的职业价值观呈现8因子的结构模型,同时本文探讨了影响大学生择业的因素,并以此为基础考察我国青年学生择业标准的变迁及其原因。最后,根据调查结果对学校、政府和企业提出了建议。     

医学英语翻译的等效处理

医学英语翻译的等效处理是翻译过程中尤为重要的翻译技巧,和普通的翻译一样,都是用一种不同的语言文字将原文作者的意思准确地再现出来的艺术。医学英语专业翻译必须是在译者掌握一定的医学知识和英语基础的前提条件下,运用专业翻译的种种技巧将其等效地转换为文字而不是改变其意思。所选用的字词和句式结构必须符合对象语言的语言习惯,使译文准确而生动。     

政法高职院校教师职业生涯管理探析

教师职业生涯规划受个人因素和组织环境因素的影响。从这两个方面入手探讨政法高职院校教师职业生涯规划问题,并提出相应对策,达到高校组织和教师个人双赢发展的目的。     

政府工具选择与应用

本文首先对我国政府工具的内涵与分类进行了一个简单的陈述和一个简要的分析,在此基础上对政府工具选择的影响因素和应注意的问题进行了探讨,最后重点分析了我国政府工具应用中存在的问题及我国政府工具应用的改进建议。     

我国地理标志保护模式的立法选择

目前,我国对地理标志的保护同时存在着工商部门的证明商标、集体商标保护和质检部门的地理标志产品、原产地标记保护。两种保护机制的并存导致同一地理名称上同时存在两种相抗衡的权利：商标权人对地名商标的专有权以及该地区所有生产经营者对地理标志的集体权和共有权。由于商标法保护地理标志存在诸多局限,解决地理标志权利冲突的根本途径在于尽快制定《地理标志保护法》,我国地理标志的保护应当采取专门法保护模式。