The Relationship Between Citizen Participation and Organizational Processes and Outcomes and the Benefits of Citizen Participation in Neighborhood Organizations

ABSTRACT

A major resource of neighborhood organizations is the voluntary participation of residents who give their time and energy to improve their communities. In recent years, there has been a revitalization of strategies to engage residents to volunteer for neighborhood-based organizations. Guided by organizational empowerment theory and the ecological perspective, the current study examined the relationship between citizen participation and organizational characteristics and effectiveness and the benefits received by residents participating in neighborhood organizations in poor communities. The data were gathered through a survey of resident volunteers in four neighborhood organizations in Pennsylvania and were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results showed that volunteers' level of involvement in their neighborhood organization influenced their self-efficacy. However, volunteers' perceptions of their neighborhood organizations' characteristics and effectiveness were the most strongly related to the benefits of citizen participation, contributing to residents' self efficacy, collective efficacy, and sense of community. Implications for social work research and practice are discussed.     

A Qualitative Perspective of Family Resources Among Low Income,African American Grandmother–Caregivers

ABSTRACT

This ethnographic study describes a group of 7 low-income, African American, grandmother–caregivers' perceptions of family resources. An ethnographic design, enhanced by a genogram, captured those who were available and unavailable to provide support to the grandmother. The analysis used a constant comparative method to thematically capture grandmothers' perceptions of family support resources as absent, unavailable, dependent, and reliable support, and the circumstances that led to that status. The findings reveal that many African American grandmothers are rearing children with little family support, owing mainly to the devastation of negative social and economic conditions. The results suggest areas for improvement in social work assessment and intervention.     

"Get'cha After School"

This paper points up an important aspect of latency which is much neglected in the literature of child development. The author notes the baleful effects of such neglect on the education of social workers and other professionals and on their practice with children's groups. He emphasizes the need for group workers to attend to the problems posed.     

VII. Foster children: The Jewish home finding society and the institute for Juvenile research 1

Although there is a body of literature that applies Gestalt therapy techniques to clinical practice, little has been written about the use of Gestalt therapy theory as a comprehensive framework for social work practice as a whole. Gestalt therapy theory unifies social work's ecological and strength perspectives and is highly consonant with the core values of the profession. Four major theoretical aspects of Gestalt therapy that are highly applicable to social work practice are described: field theory, “I-Thou” relationship, creative adjustment, and the phenomenological perspective. Case examples are provided to demonstrate a Gestalt approach to social work practice.     

宗教感与现代性的悖论冲突——《尘埃落定》叙事视角分析

《尘埃落定》选择了麦其家的傻子二少爷为叙事视角展开叙述,但在实际的行文中我们发现,这个傻子实际上是作为一种修辞策略,而并不具备傻子叙事的典型特点。作为叙述者的“傻子”具有全知全能叙事的特点,能知晓超越的时间、空间,并能通晓人的内心。傻子话语还具有多重性,他的话语表现为对话性质。傻子视角的神秘性和宿命性实则是藏族佛苯结合宗教传统的影响,而多重性又体现出现代性对民族文化的入侵。     

人类学视域下的“猫鬼神”信仰研究——以甘肃省孙村为例

以甘肃省孙村为田野调查点,从地方社会的集体记忆和生存选择的角度考察了这一信仰的源起,并对其隆重的信仰仪式予以介绍.作为一种具有复仇性强、威慑力大的神灵,猫鬼神信仰型塑了多元的社会后果,直接影响着当地村民的生活.     

中国居民全天候媒介接触图景的三维透析——基于天津居民的“时间-空间”多维研究范式的考察

文章是教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大课题“中国受众媒介‘接触-使用’状态定量研究”的研究成果之一.我们以人的实践逻辑为中心、以全媒体生态下时间、空间和心理三维度透视的媒介接触行为测量模型为研究范式,并阐释了时间预算法在此次媒介接触行为测量新模型实现过程中的作用.本研究采用问卷调查和长达五周的日记卡调查相结合的方式,旨在从行为、空间、心理三个维度透视不同特征的受众群体媒介接触行为及其影响的差异.     

省域视野下基本公共服务均等化的模式选择与度量

基本公共服务均等化是社会建设的出发点和归宿,体现了社会建设的核心和重点,同时也是社会建设在实践层面的具体化和展开.现阶段,我国地区间基本公共服务呈现出非均等化的特点,主要体现在全国性的东中西部之间、城乡之间、省域之间等宏观层面上的不均等.与此同时,省内地区问这一中观层面的基本公共服务同样呈现出不均等的状况,且存在着较为显著的差异.究其原因,与省内地区间的经济发展水平、地区间的财政能力差异、省以下的转移支付体系等因素有着较高的相关度.实现省域内地区间基本公共服务的均等化,是推进我国基本公共服务均等化进程的重要环节和关键层面,基于此目的,必须探索出适合于省域实际省 情的基本公共服务均等化模式,从而因地制宜地实现省域内地区间基本公共服务的均等化.     

汉英散文翻译中的主语选择与视角转换——以张培基的《英译中国现代散文》为例

文章从现阶段国内外对视角转换、主述位、主位推进模式的研究成果入手,指出目前汉英翻译尤其是汉英散文语篇翻译中主语选择与视角转换也就是主位模式转换研究基本空白,文章选择《英译中国现代散文》的例子,阐述主语选择的三种情况:保留原文主语、重新确定主语、增补主语,重点讨论了汉英散文翻译主语选择中的视角转换,也就是主位推进模式的转换,经对比分析发现:当保留原文主语时,主位推进模式不变;当需要重新确定主语、增补主语时,主位推进模式发生转换,主要有四种模式:平行型、延续型、派生型、集中型。     

日语中视点原理下的转述表达方式研究

语言的转述表达是语言交际表达中的普遍现象,它是在某种语言行为进行的过程中导入另外行为人的思考或者谈话的语言行为,即将自己或者他人的语言行为转述给第三人的现象。本文以现代语言学的先期成果为研究基础,根据视点原理下的语法分析,以中国的日语学习者对日语的观察为依据,找出日语语法和转述表达方式的特殊性。