对《纪念爱米丽小姐的一朵玫瑰花》的文体学批评

威廉·福克纳是一位伟大的文体家。在其短篇小说《纪念爱米丽小姐的一朵玫瑰花》中,他将不同文体巧妙揉合进故事叙述里,使《纪念爱米丽小姐的一朵玫瑰花》成为经典的恐怖小说;同时,他对叙事视角的精心选择,又使《纪念爱米丽小姐的一朵玫瑰花》的内涵远远超出一般的恐怖小说,上升到对人性的深层关怀。     

西方美学输入与中国诗学观照方式的现代转型

中国诗学观照方式之现代转型与西方美学的影响有着紧密的关系。西方美学在近现代中国的广泛传播,使得中国诗学界逐渐改变主要把诗歌当作伦理教化工具的观念,而逐步把诗学当作美学问题进行研究和评价,其诗学批评也不再是单纯地以是否合乎“伦理道德”作为衡量尺度,诗歌的“艺术”价值被提升到一定的高度,从而使得中国诗学之观照方式由传统的重视伦理的审“善”转变为现代的重视艺术的审“美”。考察西方美学的输入及其对中国诗学观照方式现代转型之影响,对于建构中国现代诗学具有重要的参考价值和理论意义。     

泯灭自我意识的精神悲剧──宋元话本爱情悲剧诸人物的心理透视

几千年的封建专制统治和传统思想禁锢,导致人的自我意识泯灭,酿成人的精神悲剧,在我们民族的心理结构上形成了沉重的积淀。透视宋元话本人物心理,可得到鲜明的观照;反思传统文化,意在卸下包袱,轻装前进。     

文化媒介转型与文学批评的历史视野

世纪之交的中国社会 ,传载文化的主导形式正发生着历史性的转变。这一不可逆转的进程导致文学命运的历史性改变 ,同时也引发对此持不同态度的文学知识分子的争论。本文认为 ,着眼于中国社会的历史处境与未来走向 ,我们必须以一种深广的历史视野来审视这一转型及其面临的机遇与挑战 ,并作出符合历史潮流的理性选择     

民众视角下残疾人是否办残疾人证的社会成因研究

了解阻碍残疾人申领残疾人证的因素对促进残疾人社会服务的可及性具有重要的现实意义。本研究采用小型民族志的研究方法,对26名普通民众进行访谈,了解普通民众对残疾及残疾人证的看法,间接确认残疾人办证率低的社会成因。基于民众观点,本研究认为:(1)年龄和残疾因素通过影响残疾人健康状况进而影响了残疾人证的办证率,形成“封闭一开放”和“被动一自觉”的申领模式。(2)排斥性的社交环境和标签化的社会舆论常常导致残疾人的负面心理,导致残疾人在自我层面和家庭、社区与社会层面遭遇不同形式的歧视,进而降低残疾人证的办证率。(3)不同家庭背景的残疾人,所感知的残疾人证的社会价值不同。(4)地理因素上,显性的不利条件如交通阻隔或隐性的不利条件如信息不对称,对残疾人证办证率低有较大的解释力。实践中须把握残疾人对残疾人证的需求层次,消除与残疾人证有关的社会歧视,以提高残疾人证办证率,进而促进残疾人享受残疾人福利和我国残疾人事业的发展。     

新世纪以来大陆喜剧电影的美学症候、文化透视及理论省思

新世纪以来,联姻消费市场的大陆喜剧电影在“笑果”制作上满足了观众的“娱乐”需求之时,也使得其成为文化投资者们“圈钱”的“新舞台”。高票房收入的背后,暴露出了大陆喜剧电影在喜剧立足点飘忽不定、喜剧价值观模糊以及任由喜剧电影滑向低格的感性之乐等艺术症结。喜剧品格的萎缩及虚无主义狂欢的盛行,与喜剧思维的偏离、喜剧意义传达的随意与任性不无关系,加之商业美学放弃艺术的抵抗性原则让不少喜剧电影成了单一的浅层消费符码。健全的喜剧电影,不仅需要有理性的构思能力及艺术策略来呈现当下社会现实矛盾和人性自身缺陷所内蕴的喜剧性,而且也要在艺术创造的自由境界中于人与社会之反常、不协调等所导致的可笑之处来实现对自我乃至现实的审视、批判和超越,这才是大陆喜剧电影应有的叙事伦理及艺术生命力之所在。     

Postdivorce Coparenting and Children’s Well-Being in Hong Kong

This article reports a survey study on postdivorce coparenting and its relationships with children’s well-being in Hong Kong. Based on data from 142 resident parents and 84 children, the results revealed that interparental conflict and triangulation of children within parental conflict adversely affected children’s well-being, whereas interparental support fostered children’s well-being. Parental communication and interparental support coexisted simultaneously with parent conflicts. These conflicting effects make postdivorce coparenting a mixed blessing for children. Fortunately, residential parent–child intimacy and quality parenting by both parents protected children’s well-being from the effects of negative relational dynamics. Promoting postdivorce coparenting should always accompany effective interventions in conflict resolution, the renegotiation of growth-enhancing boundaries among family members, the support of parental functioning and individual recovery of both parents, and the facilitation of noncompetitive parental involvement of nonresident parents.     

The ABCE Model of Volunteer Motivation

To meet the growing social service needs of our societies, the social services and other Volunteer organizations need to understand the needs and motives of their volunteers to keep them retained. Although volunteer motivation scales are available and tested, different organizations have to amend and add volunteering motives to best fit their organization and environment. Furthermore, not much guidance is available to volunteer organizations to understand or measure motivation of their volunteers raising a need for a unified model that can be a guideline for managers. This study discusses different approaches to volunteering motivation and links them into four areas of affiliation using an ABCE model: affiliation (A), beliefs, (B) career development, (C) and (E) egoistic. Participants were 496 volunteers from a variety of NGOs including 239 (48.2%) from an international Faith Based Organization (FBO). Findings show that although differences exist in volunteering motivation the actual best fit was an ABCE model. Future research is needed on testing the scale with different cultures and different organizations. A deeper knowledge of volunteer motivations will enable organizations to prosper and utilize the continuous experience of the volunteers and their engagement, thereby ensuring enhanced quality social service delivery.     

The wellbeing of foster children and their relationship with foster parents and biological parents: a child’s perspective

Most Dutch foster children live permanently in foster families. It is often assumed that foster children have ambivalent loyalties and attachments to their birth parents and foster parents and are torn between the two. In this study 59 children between 10 and 18 years placed in long term foster care completed standardised questionnaires on the relationship with their parents respectively foster parents and their wellbeing. Results show that, on average, foster children have positive feelings of loyalty and attachment towards both their foster parents and biological parents. However, their wellbeing appeared mainly related with stronger attachment representations towards their foster parents. This study found no indications for a competing position of biological parents and foster parents from the perspective of the child. Nevertheless, foster children who see their foster and biological parents as more vulnerable or experience stronger normative boundaries, feel worse compared to children who experience this feelings less.     

Developing public’s information transmitting behavior (ITB) model in public relations: A cross-national study

The purpose of this study was to develop a multidimensional model of publics’ information transmitting behavior. Relevant literature in public relations, public communication, marketing communication, and interpersonal communication were reviewed. We composed a 6-dimensional public’s information transmitting behavior (ITB) model according to the three criteria—activeness, valence, and expressivity. The six dimensions were as follows: positive-proactive megaphoning, positive-reactive megaphoning, negative-proactive megaphoning, negative-reactive megaphoning, avoiding, and no-commenting. A series of surveys was conducted both in Korea (N = 500) and the United States (N = 500) for the development of the model. The results indicated that the 18-item ITB model was significantly reliable and valid, as we expected. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.