Generalized phase I-II designs to increase long term therapeutic success rate

Designs for early phase dose finding clinical trials typically are either phase I based on toxicity, or phase I-II based on toxicity and efficacy. These designs rely on the implicit assumption that the dose of an experimental agent chosen using these short-term outcomes will maximize the agent's long-term therapeutic success rate. In many clinical settings, this assumption is not true. A dose selected in an early phase oncology trial may give suboptimal progression-free survival or overall survival time, often due to a high rate of relapse following response. To address this problem, a new family of Bayesian generalized phase I-II designs is proposed. First, a conventional phase I-II design based on short-term outcomes is used to identify a set of candidate doses, rather than selecting one dose. Additional patients then are randomized among the candidates, patients are followed for a predefined longer time period, and a final dose is selected to maximize the long-term therapeutic success rate, defined in terms of duration of response. Dose-specific sample sizes in the randomization are determined adaptively to obtain a desired level of selection reliability. The design was motivated by a phase I-II trial to find an optimal dose of natural killer cells as targeted immunotherapy for recurrent or treatment-resistant B-cell hematologic malignancies. A simulation study shows that, under a range of scenarios in the context of this trial, the proposed design has much better performance than two conventional phase I-II designs.     

海杂波背景下的双参数单元平均恒虚警检测器

介绍了海杂波的幅度分布模型,指出了对于同一门限系数"尖锐"海杂波背景下的虚警率要明显高于噪声背景下的虚警率,提出了双参数单元平均恒虚警(CA-CFAR)检测器的结构框图,仿真分析了其检测性能.最后分别利用双参数CA-CFAR检测器和常规CA-CFAR检测方法对实测数据进行处理和比较,指出在虚警率一定的前提下前者相对于后两者在空间上可以自适应地改变门限系数以有效地抑制海杂波引起的高虚警.     

一类标签细胞种群系统的适定性与稳定性

研究一类标签细胞系统的解,使用泛函分析方法,特别是Banach 上的线性算子理论和半群理论,证明了该系统解的适定性、线性稳定性和指数稳定性.     

Rethinking Women and Their Bodies in the Age of Biotechnology: Feminist Commentaries on the Hwang Affair

Many Korean women felt strongly positive about donating their eggs for Hwang Woo Suk’s research, in spite of the fact that Hwang was accused of fraud. It is said that there is a kind of unique ‘egg donation culture’ among Korean women, which urged them to donate their eggs for his research. However, positing such a Korean ‘egg donation culture’ does not seem to give a sufficient explanation of why so many Korean women were seemingly willing to provide their own eggs for Hwang’s research. Instead, we suggest that egg donation issues in the Hwang affair can be interpreted under the paradoxical context, in which Korean women are situated in the age of biotechnology. On the one hand, the invisibility of women as subjects in the public sphere led to their lack of social control over ova trafficking and made it possible for a huge number of eggs to be supplied secretly for Hwang’s team. The patriarchal structure of family, the myth of economic growth, and the restricted activities of feminist organizations are possible contributors to the invisibility of Korean women. On the other hand, in the practices of bodily technologies such as cosmetic surgery and reproductive technologies, Korean women have been highly visible. With the help of those technological instruments, women have been empowered to own their own bodies and to have them at their disposal. We argue that these dualistic realities of women as egg owners can explain the egg donation culture among Korean women in the Hwang affair.

3G时代第五媒体发展现状及趋势

随着新技术的日新月异,手机不再仅仅是一种通讯工具,更是作为一种媒介引起人们越来越广泛的关注,成为继报纸、广播、电视、网络媒体之后的第五媒体.文章主要以作为第五媒体的手机为研究对象,重点探讨其在3G时代这一特殊背景下的发展现状与问题,并对其发展趋势进行了预测.     

A Taguchi-based Kansei engineering study of mobile phones at product design stage

This article is aimed at applying Taguchi method in Kansei engineering and explores a way to integrate it into an industrial product design stage. Emotional customer needs are derived using Kansei image word pairs. The Taguchi-based approach is validated by a case study with mobile phones. Experimental work in implementing the proposed approach was able to suggest design attributes of a mobile phone that are essential to be considered at the product design stage to satisfy the customers’ expectations and hence to increase the company's sales.     

CMOS环型压控振荡器的设计

设计和分析了一种高稳定度、低噪声的CMOS环型压控振荡器。该电路具有较低的压控增益,较好的线性范围,较低的相位噪声。应用复制偏置电路,对差分环型压控振荡器的控制电压进行复制,通过对压控振荡器相位噪声的计算和分析,以提高对环型压控振荡器电源电压噪声和衬底噪声的抑制。该设计和分析是基于上华0.5μmCMOS工艺,当控制电压从1～3V变化时,相应的振荡频率为100～500MHz;在偏离中心频率1kHz、10kHz、100kHz和1MHz频率处得到的相位噪声分别为?50dBc/Hz、?75dBc/Hz、?98dBc/Hz和?120dBc/Hz。     

乌龟外周血细胞在光镜和扫描电镜下的结构

本文报道了乌龟血细胞的形态结构 ,血涂片经过染色 ,可鉴定出红细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、单核细胞、淋巴细胞、血栓细胞等七种细胞 ;还见到未成熟的和正在分裂的红细胞 ,提示红细胞也可在血液中通过间接分裂产生 .在扫描电镜下 ,红细胞长椭圆形 ,表面光滑 ,无突起 ;而各种白细胞为圆形 ,细胞表面不平 ,具有各种突起 ,提示白细胞具有活跃的变形运动和吞噬能力     

自动检测及连续点火的燃气控制电路

燃气灶具在燃烧过程中,因某种原因,意外熄火的情况时有发生,如果不及时关闭燃气通路或者重新点火燃烧,就会导致严重后果。针对重新点火燃烧的情况,设计出一种具有自动检测熄火及连续点火功能的安全型燃气灶具控制电路是可行的。它主要由电磁阀控制电路、熄火检测电路、点火控制电路及脉冲点火电路等组成,由二节电池供电。理论分析表明,这种安全型燃气灶具工作可靠、结构简单、适用。     

关于汉语史上舌尖元音产生的年代

古代汉语里多方面的语音材料如韵文、朝鲜对音、韵图等以及音理上的证据证明17世纪晚期以前的支思韵的读音不是而是[■]、[],汉越语和稍晚的《声音唱和图》这两种材料表明[■]在8世纪末最迟在五代时期已经产生,庄组已经有个别字读[],根据朝鲜对音,可以知道在《中原音韵》止摄章组和知组全面读[]了。17世纪初期,齐微韵章组、知组字从[i]到[]的演变已经全部完成。