Preschoolers' Attachment to Mother and Risk for Adjustment Problems in Kindergarten: Can Teachers Make a Difference?

Based on attachment theory, two aims were addressed. Firstly, we tested whether close teacher–child relationships may buffer children who are less securely attached to their mothers against negative outcomes, such as aggressive behavior. Secondly, our study evaluated whether teacher sensitivity may protect less securely attached children against forming less close relationships with their teachers. In a sample of 127 children, mother–child attachment was observed in preschool. In kindergarten, teacher sensitivity was observed, and teacher–child closeness and child aggressive behavior were rated by the teacher. Results of multilevel hierarchical regression analyses first showed that with high teacher–child closeness, less securely attached children are no longer at risk for more aggressive behavior. Secondly, it was found that with high teacher sensitivity, less securely attached children are no longer at risk for developing less close relationships with their teachers.     

Spirituality and child welfare reunification: a narrative analysis of successful outcomes

When children are removed from their families because of maltreatment, the child welfare system seeks reunification whenever possible. Despite the importance of this goal, little is known about families who are able to achieve and maintain successful reunification. This qualitative study conducted in‐depth interviews with 15 families who completed their child welfare case plans, were reunited with their children and remained together for at least 1 year post‐reunification. Narrative analysis using a combination of thematic and structural coding was completed to examine the strengths and process families discussed related to their successful child welfare outcomes. This paper discusses one of those strengths, spirituality, in greater depth. Specifically, 12 participants situated the strength of spirituality within their stories as an important narrative element they perceived as critical, leading to important changes. Findings highlight the benefits some families receive from their spiritual beliefs, practices and faith communities when working towards reunification, suggesting child welfare practitioners be prepared to identify and honour this family strength.     

政府监管与企业加入第三方国际环境审计的模糊博弈分析

针对政府环境监管与企业实施环境行为博弈分析中无法对双方的损益情况做出判断的问题,文章结合三角模糊数构建了政府监管和企业加入第三方国际环境审计的博弈模型,分别指出了纯策略纳什均衡和混合策略均衡情况需要满足的条件,讨论了政府与污染环境企业博弈策略的影响因素及作用机制,为政府监管与企业加入第三方国际环境审计顺利实施提供了相关建议。然后通过三角结构元方法对算例进行求解,验证了结论的正确性和可行性,引入三角模糊概念更加符合实际应用情况,拓展了第三方国际环境审计的应用背景。研究结果表明,政府对消费者消费的引导和对污染企业的惩罚对企业是否决定加入第三方国际环境审计起着举足轻重的作用。     

社会工作视野下失独家庭问题研究现状与前瞻

失独家庭理论的研究最初以问题视角为主,对全面认识和了解失独家庭相关问题具有启示意义,但问题视角对失独家庭成员的潜能和资源的挖掘缺乏关注,而优势视角对失独家庭的问题研究则是一个弥补。在实务研究中,研究者通过实际的干预,探索相关实务介入方法,实现了失独家庭问题研究从“理论”向“实务”的范式转换,但就整体而言实务研究仍处于初级阶段。在失独家庭的社会政策研究中,研究者从社会保障和社会救助2个范畴探讨了现有政策的不足并提出了完善的建议,但是失独家庭的社会政策定位尚不明确,并且相关具体政策的研究相对缺乏。因此,失独家庭的研究可以通过增加行动研究的数量、深化相关实务研究、加强失独家庭的分类研究、明确失独家庭社会政策定位和细化相关社会政策的研究等方面来拓展失独家庭问题的研究。     

冲突与达鹄:公众参与视野下的长三角公共冲突事件分析——基于2010-2012年的案例

以2010-2012年发生在长三角的公共冲突事件为例,运用案例比较分析方法,对公众参与和公共冲突事件的关系进行分析。研究发现:长三角地区的公共冲突事件起因多与公众的经济权益受损相关,作为中间变量,社会公众往往以非制度化参与致使冲突升级为"威胁","迫使"上级政府出面协调各方利益并终止公共冲突。分析表明:赋予并落实公众公共事务参与权利,有助于解决中国当前面临的公共冲突问题。     

农民工城市融入的组织化实践

不同于既有农民工城市融入研究中的宏观制度主义视角,也区别于单一组织微观实践路径的研究取向,文章基于粤南沙镇的实地调研经验,总结提炼出“半正式组织”这一新型实践类型,有助于弥合既有研究中的宏观与微观鸿沟。“半正式组织”是对现代组织“正式与非正式”二元对立框架的尝试性超越,在组织结构、成员关系、资源链接方式等方面均呈现新特征,其形成机制可概括为党建引领、组织挂靠与领袖吸纳。“半正式组织”的实践功效表现为助推农民工在流入地提升经济机会,增强政治参与,链接公共服务,扩展群体社会交往,因而成为现阶段有限制度供给和市民化成本分摊机制不均衡情境下,实现农民工城市融入的新路径。     

公民参与:我国政府决策民主化的应有之义

现代民主理论的产生,为公民参与政府决策奠定了理论基础.就目前我国的实际情况而言,公民在意见表达、参与水平、及参与的影响力等方面存在很多问题,应从公民参与的制度层面、政治文化层面、组织规模层面提高公民参与政府决策的水平,特别是要保持公民参与和政府承受力之间的平衡.     

Rhetoric and Reality of Economic Self-sufficiency Among Rural,Low-Income Mothers: A Longitudinal Study

This study examined the contributions of maternal labor force participation and marital status on economic self-sufficiency over time for rural mothers. Data were from 174 rural families participating in three waves of data collection in Rural Families Speak. χ ² and multiple logistic regression were utilized. Results revealed only one-third of mothers moved toward economic self-sufficiency over three years. Maternal education, employment status, and weekly work hours were associated with improved economic well-being. Compared to single-parent families, unmarried-couple and married-couple families had increased odds of improving economically. In an analysis of all mothers with partners, married or unmarried, martial status was not significant in economic improvement. Findings suggest the role of marriage in welfare reform for rural families should be reconsidered.

Labor force participation and juvenile delinquency in Taiwan: a time series analysis

This study examines the null hypothesis of Granger no-causality between labor force participation (LFP) and juvenile delinquency in Taiwan. In order to explore this issue more thoroughly, this study adopts the approach proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995, Journal of Econometrics, 66(1–2), 225–250). It uses official time-series data provided by the Government of Taiwan. After estimating both a four- and five-variable VAR system, one that substitutes both male and female LFP rates for the aggregate LFP rate, the primary findings of this study reveal the following: The higher the past juvenile crime rate, the lower the future aggregate and female LFP rate will be. In addition, the higher the past male LFP rate, the higher the future juvenile crime rate will be. These findings are quite robust in terms of different lag-length structures.

Protecting the paediatrician: responding to recrimination

Doctors involved in child abuse proceedings may be subjected to much blame and pressure because of their role as ‘messenger’. They frequently need assistance with complaints procedures, disciplinary proceedings, public inquiries, litigation, media problems and other threats to their professional integrity and reputation. The medical model of support which may be offered by the defence organizations has much to commend it to other workers in the field. The author is a medico-legal adviser at the Medical Defence Union, and was extensively involved in assisting doctors at the Cleveland and Orkney Inquiries. From this privileged position he surveys the various procedures which may be used by parents and others to challenge paediatricians, and sets out possible ways in which practical support may be given.