The current state of evaluator education: A situation analysis and call to action

Education is critically important for the maintenance and growth of programme evaluation and its emergence as a profession. This position paper presents evaluator education as an initiative and provides a foundation for its evaluation. In it, the authors use Stufflebeam's Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model to frame a review of the literature and practice. We follow this analysis of the current state of evaluator education in formal settings, with discussion of its implications, and directions for future research and action. Our analysis suggests that there is much work to be done to understand the needs for evaluator education, to delineate standards for quality in both education and practice, to identify the inputs and processes most effective for addressing those needs, and to document its ultimate impacts. The paper provides a call to action for improving the quality, consistency, and integrity of this important work.     

基础教育国际化语境下英语师范生超学科培养路径

在基础教育国际化语境下，高校需要从超学科的视角重新思考英语师范生培养方案，打破长期以来以单一学科教育为导向的培养路径，培养具有融通多学科思维能力，又能用英语娴熟讲授至少1门非英语课程的师范生，以满足基础教育国际化的师资需求。超学科是指一种融合各学科信息的创新理念，旨在解决现有学科结构方式无法解决的问题。英语师范生超学科培养路径主要有四条：一是跨学院合作，走合作共赢之路；二是创新培养模式，以培养卓越教师为目标；三是超越学科界线，打造超学科课程方案；四是多部门合作，完善超学科培养体系。在对英语师范生实施超学科培养方案之前，相关职能部门应从前期调研、组织管理和师资力量的整合等方面做好准备工作，为超学科人才培养扫清思想障碍、体制障碍。     

Assessment of an e-training tool for college students to improve accuracy and reduce effort associated with reading nutrition labels

Objective: Nutrition labels are often underutilized due to the time and effort required to read them. We investigated the impact of label-reading training on effort, as well as accuracy and motivation. Participants: Eighty college students (21 men and 59 women). Methods: The training consisted of a background tutorial on nutrition followed by three blocks of practice reading labels to decide which of two foods was the relatively better choice. Label-reading effort was assessed using an eye tracker and motivation was assessed using a 6-item scale of healthy food-choice empowerment. Results: Students showed increases in label-reading accuracy, decreases in label-reading effort, and increases in empowerment. Conclusions: The nutrition label e-training tool presented here, whether used alone or as part of other wellness and health programs, may be an effective way to boost students’ label-reading skills and healthy food choices, before they settle into grocery shopping habits.     

我国师范生免费教育研究进展及公费教育研究思路——基于CiteSpace的可视化分析

我国师范生免费教育政策自2007年实施以来，相关研究经历了兴起阶段（2007-2012年）和深化阶段（2013-2017年），主要关注师范生免费教育政策、人才培养模式以及职业认同等方面的问题，对免费师范生政策实施成效、现实困境及解决途径进行了深入探讨，对完善我国师范生免费教育制度的顶层设计、保障地方政府对师范生免费教育政策的有效落实、促进社会形成良好的政策环境以及推动我国师范教育改革与发展起到了积极的作用。2018年，随着《教师教育振兴行动计划（2018-2022年）》和《教育部直属师范大学师范生公费教育实施办法》的出台，师范生免费教育政策发生了改变，"免费师范生"这一称谓也随之成为历史，同时教育部等五部门明确要求"推进地方积极开展师范生公费教育工作。"因此，针对师范生公费教育提出以下研究思路：（1）继续探讨师范生公费教育政策、制度设计及法律规范等宏观层面的问题；（2）探索高等院校公费师范生培养模式和继续教育模式等中观层面的问题；（3）注重公费师范生个体与群体在校学习状况和就业后职业发展等微观层面的研究；（4）促进研究机构间的合作，构建立体化研究协作机制。     

START: single‐to‐double arm transition design for phase II clinical trials

Phase II clinical trials designed for evaluating a drug's treatment effect can be either single‐arm or double‐arm. A single‐arm design tests the null hypothesis that the response rate of a new drug is lower than a fixed threshold, whereas a double‐arm scheme takes a more objective comparison of the response rate between the new treatment and the standard of care through randomization. Although the randomized design is the gold standard for efficacy assessment, various situations may arise where a single‐arm pilot study prior to a randomized trial is necessary. To combine the single‐ and double‐arm phases and pool the information together for better decision making, we propose a Single‐To‐double ARm Transition design (START) with switching hypotheses tests, where the first stage compares the new drug's response rate with a minimum required level and imposes a continuation criterion, and the second stage utilizes randomization to determine the treatment's superiority. We develop a software package in R to calibrate the frequentist error rates and perform simulation studies to assess the trial characteristics. Finally, a metastatic pancreatic cancer trial is used for illustrating the decision rules under the proposed START design.     

Educational potential of e-social work: social work training in Spain

ABSTRACT

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have enhanced peer communication and contributed to social change and, as such, have become an essential tool in the initial training and professional development of future social work practitioners. In the new millennium, it is particularly important to provide the foundations for delivering appropriate interventions in the fields of social education, social services, healthcare and development cooperation. To face these new challenges, training programmes in the framework of the European Higher Education Area should facilitate the acquisition of skills and competencies through curricula based on ongoing assessment which promote creativity and educational innovation. Through a systematic and comprehensive review of the scientific literature, this article examines the educational potential of e-social work in Spain and the training needs of social workers from an interdisciplinary approach. A critical debate is presented throughout the paper to encourage reflection among professionals. The study highlights the importance of the acquisition of digital skills through the development of educational intervention programmes using the latest technological media and resources with a view to serving citizens in these new spaces of interaction.     

临床专硕“四证合一”培养模式：形塑·评价·优化

将住院医师规范化培训纳入研究生培养过程，新招收的临床专硕必须同步参加住院医师规范化培训，这种双轨合一的制度安排，形成了临床专硕“四证合一”培养改革的动力和路径。改革后师生获得感有所增强，但也存在学习时间过于紧张、科研能力弱化、专业方向（亚专科）模糊等问题。为确保临床实践能力和临床科研能力的培养并重兼得，应寓科研于临床，对培养方案、科室轮训与科研时间分配等进行结构性调整，积极推进医教协同，不断改进和完善指导方式方法，达致临床专硕培养多重目标的平衡与协同优化。     

"工程制图"课程教学中的思维能力培养

根据技校学生学习工程制图的困难及他们的思维特点,在工程制图教学中,必须注重培养学生的思维能力.在学生制图基础知识教学中,通过教学模具、轴测图进行辅助教学,通过学生自制模型培养空间感,以及加强学生对路桥结构物基本知识等培养学生思维能力.     

与时俱进不断创新 提高中小学校长培训质量

校长是学校办学质量和效益的关键,其自身素质在一定程度上决定了其办学水平,进而决定了学校教育质量。面对当前基础教育的改革,兵团中小学校长岗位培训工作始终坚持与时俱进、不断创新的工作思路,在培训理念、培训模式及内容方面勇于探索,为推进兵团基础教育改革和发展发挥更大的作用。     

对运动心理训练概念及其作用的再认识

本文通过对运动心理训练概念及其作用的阐述，指出运动心理训练是一个有目的有计划的教育过程，是一个运用心理学原理和方法的心理学过程，是一个控制与自我控制的过程；同时指出运动心理训练能提高心理适应能力、提高心理活动强度、恢复心理活动能量，并有助于心理障碍的消除和良好个性的形成发展；改善认知过程的功能，有利于技能的学习与巩固。