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251.
José J. López-Goñi Javier Fernández- Montalvo Cristina Illescas Natalia Landa Iñaki Lorea 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2008,17(4):374-378
This article presents a study of a number of socio-demographic factors that predict treatment dropout from a residential substance use disorder programme in Spain ( Proyecto Hombre Therapeutic Community). A sample of 430 patients (173 who completed treatment and 257 who dropped out of treatment) was assessed at entry to the therapeutic community programme in order to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. According to the results obtained, factors that predicted treatment dropout included younger age, male gender and previous treatment history in the Proyecto Hombre therapeutic community. Patients with these characteristics were at significantly greater risk of dropping out of treatment. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented upon. 相似文献
252.
Johnson BA 《Lifetime data analysis》2008,14(2):196-215
A dynamic treatment regime is a sequence of decision rules for assigning treatment based on a patient’s current need for treatment.
Dynamic regimes are viewed, by many, as a natural way of treating patients with chronic diseases; that is, treating patients
with adaptive, complex, longitudinal treatment regimens. In developing dynamic treatment strategies, treatment-competing events
may play an important role in the overall treatment strategy, and their effects on subsequent treatment decisions and eventual
outcome should be considered. Treatment-competing events may be defined generally as patient-specific, random events which
interrupt the ongoing treatment decision process in a dynamic regime. Treatment-competing events censor later treatment decisions
that would otherwise be made on a particular dynamic treatment regime had the competing events not occurred. For example,
in therapeutic studies of HIV, physicians may assign treatment based on a patient’s current level HIV1-RNA; this defines a
treatment assignment rule. However, the presence of opportunistic infections or severe adverse events may preclude a strict
adherence of the treatment assignment rule. In other contexts, the “censoring”-by-death phenomenon may be viewed as an example
of a treatment-competing event for a particular dynamic treatment regime. Treatment-competing events can be built into the
dynamic treatment regime framework and counting processes are a natural mechanism to facilitate this development. In this
paper, we develop treatment-competing events in a dynamic infusion policy, a random dynamic treatment regime where multiple
infusion treatments are initiated simultaneously and given continuously over time subject to the presence/absence of a treatment-competing
event. We illustrate how our methodology may be used to suggest an estimator for a particular causal estimand of recent interest.
Finally, we exemplify our methods in a recent study of patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. 相似文献
253.
254.
现代科技革命使整个科学方法和科学观念都发生了巨大的变化。中医学的理论及其思维方法与现代科学理论及思维方法相吻合。发展中医学的战略原则是 :坚持中医学基本理论的指导 ,立足中医学的主体地位 ,大力吸收现代科学技术 (包括现代医学的知识和技术 ) ,弥补中医学微观、量化及准确性等方面的不足 ,在实践的基础上实现中医学的创新发展。辨证论治是中医的特色和优势 ,是中医理论的归宿和落脚点。将现代科技指标纳入辨证论治体系是中医学创新发展的关键 相似文献
255.
Addiction severity predictions using client network properties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ove Framk Ingegerd Jansson Jonas Larsson Sébastien Reichmann Veerle Soyez & Isabel Vielva 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2001,10(3):215-223
By statistical analysis of client data it is shown how past or current network information together with other knowledge assesses treatment needs. The main findings are as follows. The client's previous exposure to addicts in the family has almost no influence on his or her present contacts with addicts in daily life. About 30% of the clients have experienced addicts both in family and among friends, about 30% have only family exposure, about 20% have neither kind of exposure, and about 20% have no family exposure but have current exposure to addicts. Exposure to addicts in family implies a higher risk of severe need for professional intervention than no such exposure. For the clients with no family exposure but with current exposure to addicts there is, somewhat surprisingly, a lower risk than for the other three categories of clients. This effect seems to be mainly because the psychiatric status of these clients is somewhat better than for those in the other three categories. The effect disappears if we look solely for drug addiction intervention needs; then there is a clear increase in relative treatment needs for the categories with previous or present addiction exposure compared to those without. 相似文献
256.
孙继铭 《绍兴文理学院学报》2001,21(9):90-92
目的探讨中药治疗肾阳虚证的有效方法.方法将肾阳虚证患者172例,随机分成两组治疗组采用自拟方补肾汤进行治疗,对照组用金匮肾气丸治疗,4周后观察疗效并进行比较.结果治疗组显效率为60.2%,总有效率为97.7%;对照组显效率为34.5%,总有效率为88.1%.两组显效率比较有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),总有效率比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论认为补肾汤补而不腻,温而不燥,治疗肾阳虚证效果显著. 相似文献
257.
在阐述催化剂TiO2特性和光催化氧化法基本机理的基础上,简要介绍光催化氧化法在氧化分解某些难降解的污染物和水质深度净化方面的研究成果及光催化氧化法的发展趋势. 相似文献
258.
壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
壮族的传统医药文化非常丰富,民间至今依然盛行与宗教信仰密切相关的“神药两解”的民俗医疗方法。笔者在田野调查中发现,壮族乡村的病人在积极寻求药物治疗的同时,还借助麽公、囊妹、道士等神职人员施行各种仪式来治病,且往往能取得意想不到的效果。本文拟从田野资料出发,借鉴医学人类学的相关理论,以目前壮族农村盛行的巫术与祝由疗法为例,来探讨壮族的民间信仰与民俗医疗的关系。 相似文献
259.
提高中低收入农户群体的收入水平是缩小居民收入差距、实现共同富裕的关键任务。利用CFPS 2018数据,使用基于RIF的ITE模型等计量方法进行分析研究发现:(1)土地流转的增收效应具有非对称性,转出土地的中低收入农户能显著增收,但转入土地的中低收入农户增收不明显;(2)东部和西部地区转出土地的中低收入农户收入增长显著;(3)土地流转(尤其是转出)有助于缩小农户间收入差距、优化农户群体的收入分配结构。实证结果稳健地说明农户土地流转对实现农户群体“提低扩中”目标具有积极意义,在此基础上提出在西部和东中部欠发达农村地区,鼓励和支持中低收入农户流转土地,以增加其兼业和非农收入等政策建议。 相似文献
260.
由于血液检测存在"漏检率"和"窗口期",即使血站和医疗机构严格按规定采、供血和输血,极少部分患者仍会因输血而感染传染性疾病。目前解决这一社会问题的办法还不完善,还不能有效地保护患者、血站和医疗机构的合法权益。文章提出进一步完善社会保障机制和推进输血保险制度,以便更好地解决因无过错感染而引起的医患纠纷。 相似文献