国外萨满生理和心理问题研究述评

萨满生理和心理问题研究是国外萨满教研究的前沿问题和热点问题,主要围绕萨满其人、萨满出神术及"脱魂、附体论"和萨满医疗等方面进行研究和讨论.梳理国外学术界对这些问题的研究,有助于了解国外萨满教研究的理论、方法以及研究的深度和广度,对开展中国北方民族萨满教研究也有重要的借鉴作用.     

强制医疗中的法律问题探析 ———以精神病强制医疗程序构建为视角

强制医疗是我国刑法规定的针对实施严重社会危害行为的精神病人依法适用的特殊刑事实体措施。强制医疗程序是强制医疗措施正确适用的保障。强制医疗的性质及特点决定其在提起的条件、主体、时期、方式等方面不完全等同于通常我们所使用的普通诉讼程序。依法规范强制医疗程序,从机制上保证依法正确适用强制医疗措施,是有效制止和预防精神病人的社会危害行为、维护公民合法权益所必须的。     

论老年犯罪人处遇——基于刑事政策的维度

老年犯罪人处遇应适用宽严相济的刑事政策。从刑事政策学角度探讨老年犯罪人处遇,不仅是刑事实体问题,也是刑事程序问题。然而,国内已有研究偏向从刑事实体角度分析老年犯罪人问题,却疏于从刑事程序角度讨论,因而难以有效回应实践。从刑事程序视野探索老年犯罪人处遇问题,借鉴域外老年犯罪人处遇研究经验,有助于完善我国老年犯罪人处遇制度。     

局部激光表面处理对7075铝合金疲劳性能影响的研究

7075铝合金以其独特的性能广泛应用于载运工具各个行业中,但是,铝合金在焊接后会出现疲劳强度降低的现象,这对载运工具的安全性产能生了消极影响。针对这一现象,采用局部激光表面处理法来改善7075铝合金的疲劳性能。对未处理试样和局部激光表面处理后试样的疲劳裂纹扩展速率的研究表明,局部激光表面处理能有效降低疲劳裂纹扩展速率,提高疲劳寿命。ANSYS有限元残余应力分析及硬度试验表明,局部激光表面处理后试样上形成的残余应力场和局部软化现象是疲劳裂纹扩展速率降低的主要因素。     

Nonparametric multiple comparison procedures for unbalanced one-way factorial designs

In this paper, we present several nonparametric multiple comparison (MC) procedures for unbalanced one-way factorial designs. The nonparametric hypotheses are formulated by using normalized distribution functions and the comparisons are carried out on the basis of the relative treatment effects. The proposed test statistics take the form of linear pseudo rank statistics and the asymptotic joint distribution of the pseudo rank statistics for testing treatments versus control satisfies the multivariate totally positive of order two condition irrespective of the correlations among the rank statistics. Therefore, in the context of MCs of treatments versus control, the nonparametric Simes test is validated for the global testing of the intersection hypothesis. For simultaneous testing of individual hypotheses, the nonparametric Hochberg stepup procedure strongly controls the familywise type I error rate asymptotically. With regard to all pairwise comparisons, we generalize various single-step and stagewise procedures to perform comparisons on the relative treatment effects. To further compare with normal theory counterparts, the asymptotic relative efficiencies of the nonparametric MC procedures with respect to the parametric MC procedures are derived under a sequence of Pitman alternatives in a nonparametric location shift model for unbalanced one-way layouts. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to demonstrate the validity and power of the proposed nonparametric MC procedures.     

释放苦痛淡忘忧伤——从文学治疗功能解读迟子建的作品

文学人类学认为,文学四大功能之一,即内在的精神治疗功能。这是文学对于"人学"本质——关爱人的体现。迟子建童年孤独,少年丧父,中年丧夫,这些不幸经历都在潜移默化中影响着她的创作,使她的作品始终流露出一种忧伤的气息。迟子建借助对死亡的书写、对童年的追忆和对自然的回归,释放了压抑的苦痛,疗治了心灵的创伤,使苦闷的心态得到了调节,内心世界变得静穆松弛,客观上起到了恢复心灵健康的治疗作用。     

Robust Confidence Intervals for Average Treatment Effects Under Limited Overlap

Limited overlap between the covariate distributions of groups with different treatment assignments does not only make estimates of average treatment effects rather imprecise, but can also lead to substantially distorted confidence intervals. This paper argues that this is because the coverage error of traditional confidence intervals is driven by the number of observations in the areas of limited overlap. Some of these “local sample sizes” can be very small in applications, up to the point that distributional approximations derived from classical asymptotic theory become unreliable. Building on this observation, this paper constructs confidence intervals based on classical approaches to small sample inference. The approach is easy to implement, and has superior theoretical and practical properties relative to standard methods in empirically relevant settings.     

Register data in the evaluation and program planning of addiction treatment programs: Using Sweden as an example

Data from large-scale registers is often underutilized when evaluating addiction treatment programs. Since many programs collect register data regarding clients and interventions, there is a potential to make greater use of such records for program evaluation. The purpose of this article is to discuss the value of using large-scale registers in the evaluation and program planning of addiction treatment systems and programs. Sweden is used as an example of a country where register data is both available and is starting to be used in national evaluation and program planning efforts.The article focuses on possibilities, limitations and practicalities when using large-scale register data to conduct evaluations and program planning of addiction treatment programs. Main conclusions are that using register data for evaluation provides large amounts of data at low cost, limitations associated to the use of register data may be handled statistically, register data can answer important questions in planning of addiction treatment programs, and more accurate measures are needed to account for the diversity of client populations.     

采用双柏酊(蜜)治疗急性软组织损伤的临床疗效观察

报告“双柏酊、双柏蜜“在治疗急性软组织损伤的临床应用,结果表明,“双柏酊、双柏蜜“具有显著缓解症状、缩短疗程的作用,并对机体无明显不良反应.     

Introduction: Leading Lesbians Fight Disease and Disability

This thematic issue of the Journal of Lesbian Studies focuses on the ways in which lesbian leaders have dealt with disease and disability. In the articles that follow, eight prominent lesbians describe what it means to cope with serious illness and medical treatment in the context of lesbian identity and community. This introduction provides an overview of some of the themes that arose in the various articles, focusing on lesbian support systems as well as best medical practices.