西昌本土诗文教育行动研究

本土诗文具有丰富的认知内涵、优美的情境意蕴、高雅的内容格调,是不可多得的教育资源。开展本土诗文教育,举行 “本土诗文进校园”活动,从学校自身实际出发,发掘其应有的育人价值,探索开展教学策略研究,加强对青少年学生进行中华 优秀传统文化的熏陶。     

教育行动研究与教师的专业发展

教师从事研究可增强教师的专业发展,而教师所进行的研究是一种特定的"行动研究",即教育行动研究。强调教师进行行动研究的必要性与可能性,并不等于否认教育理论研究的重要性与必要性,真正意义上的教育行动研究必须要处理好理论与实践之间关系。     

哈贝马斯话语伦理学视界下的道德共识

哈贝马斯把交往行为理论运用到道德领域,创立了话语伦理学。在哈贝马斯的理论体系中,主体间性是奠基性和表征性存在,就话语伦理学而言,这表达了他对道德共识的强烈诉求。哈贝马斯所说的道德共识可从以下几方面加以理解：生活世界——道德共识的存在界域;交往理性——道德共识的内核;话语——实现道德共识的沟通中介;可普遍化原则、对话伦理原则——实现道德共识的基本保证。哈贝马斯关于道德共识问题深刻且富特色的思考,能为我们的道德建设提供有益镜鉴。     

A Cross-species Comparison of Facial Morphology and Movement in Humans and Chimpanzees Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS)

A comparative perspective has remained central to the study of human facial expressions since Darwin’s [(1872/1998). The expression of the emotions in man and animals (3rd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press] insightful observations on the presence and significance of cross-species continuities and species-unique phenomena. However, cross-species comparisons are often difficult to draw due to methodological limitations. We report the application of a common methodology, the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) to examine facial movement across two species of hominoids, namely humans and chimpanzees. FACS [Ekman & Friesen (1978). Facial action coding system. CA: Consulting Psychology Press] has been employed to identify the repertoire of human facial movements. We demonstrate that FACS can be applied to other species, but highlight that any modifications must be based on both underlying anatomy and detailed observational analysis of movements. Here we describe the ChimpFACS and use it to compare the repertoire of facial movement in chimpanzees and humans. While the underlying mimetic musculature shows minimal differences, important differences in facial morphology impact upon the identification and detection of related surface appearance changes across these two species.

关于城市总体规划与土地利用总体规划协调问题的探讨

从当前两规协调研究中存在的争议问题入手,依据空间规划理论和分析方法,揭示两规不协调的深层次原因,在此基础上,从宏观和微观两个层面分析两规协调问题的难点和重点,指出上端规划功能缺位和建设用地规模统计口径不一致是两规协调中急待解决的关键问题,最后提出解决这些关键问题的路径和方法。     

抗菌纤维的研究进展及发展趋势

本文论述了抗菌纤维的种类、加工方法及应用,讨论了抗菌纤维的活性源及其抗菌作用机理,并提出了一些研究构想。     

浅析王阳明的“心学”

王阳明的心学体系把对封建伦常道德的外在式追求转向到内在于人心,人心的良知就是一切价值的标准,从而极大地张扬了人的主体性和人的道德自觉。他的知行合一学说,更有强调行动的一面,这样,道德自觉就不仅仅体现在主体的心的主观层面上,从而与单纯的坐而论道区别开来．     

政策执行与权力关系重构以S市2003年市级居委会直选政策的制订过程为个案

本文运用政策执行研究“自下而上模式”的一些有价值的观点与方法,以及组织决策分析的概念工具,根据个案调查取得的经验材料与文献资料,对S市2003年居委会直选政策的制订过程加以考察,得出如下结论：政策执行过程,既是一个连续不断的互动过程、一个行动者的决策过程,同时也是一个权力关系重构的过程;与科层组织中依职能分工和职位分层而产生的静态的、单向的权力关系完全不同,在政策执行过程中,行动者通过策略性互动重构的权力关系是动态的、多向的;居委会直选之所以能够在体制冲突的背景下得以实施,是政策执行过程中权力关系重构的结果。     

“We don't want to talk about that”: Overcoming barriers to rural aging research and interventions on sensitive topics

Geographical, economic, social and cultural barriers to accessing services in rural areas are widely reported. Less widely discussed are dilemmas posed by individual and community reluctance to address sensitive health issues. This article, focusing on the highly sensitive area of mental health, and employing a participatory action approach, describes the natural history of a project, the Mental Health and Aging Initiative (MHAI) to enhance awareness of mental health issues in rural Kentucky-Appalachian communities and overcome the reluctance of individuals in these communities to seek assistance. Funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), MHAI involved an educational intervention to improve knowledge about mental health and aging in rural Appalachian counties. The need to overcome significant community reluctance to engage in discussion of mental health resulted in significant modification of the protocol. The intervention was grounded in recognition of four key aspects of the local situation: (1) the need to understand the sensitivity of mental health as an element of rural culture; (2) the critical role of local community leaders as points of entry, acceptance, and action; (3) the need to overcome social stigma and reframe the topic of mental health in a more positive light; and (4) the need for methodological innovation in developing an empowering educational action plan oriented toward community-wide long-term impact. The intervention model that emerged from these considerations was based on engaging community leaders, providing educational and technical resources, and nurturing the acceptance by individual rural residents of responsibility for monitoring community mental health. This motif became a central theme in a strategy designed to facilitate culture change and acceptance of mental health as a community concern. It involved active engagement of community representatives in defining and implementing an intervention consistent with participatory action research as a means of empowering rural residents in monitoring and addressing sensitive health care issues. Given that many issues in rural health are difficult to address because of such sensitivity, the approach described is considered to have application in other contexts.     

Revealing side effects of quota rules on group cooperation

The quota rule in employment is a legal tool to promote gender equality in professions and positions where women are underrepresented. An accompanying assumption is that gender diversity positively affects one of the aspects of team performance in form of group cooperation. However, it is unclear whether this positive effect can be achieved if diversity increases due to a quota rule. In two fully incentivized experiments involving a real-effort task (N₁ = 188 and N₂ = 268), we examined the impact of quotas as compared to performance-based promotion on group cooperation. We thereby categorized participants either with regard to gender or to an artificial category that was randomly assigned. Cooperation within groups declined when promotion was based on quota compared to performance-based promotion, irrespective of the categorization criterion. Further analyses revealed that this negative effect of quota rules on cooperation is not driven by procedural fairness perceptions or expectations about performance of the promoted group member. Implications of the results for the implementation of equality and diversity initiatives are discussed.