计算机病毒及其防治的探讨

本文阐述了计算机病毒的概念,对计算机病毒进行了分类,同时分析了各类病毒的特点。并着重介绍了对病毒的防范措施以及清除的方法。     

认知图式理论在翻译建构中的意义及其具体运用

图式是指已有的知识经验在大脑中形成的“框图”,即知识结构。翻译中通过联想、搜索译入语中有关图式,进行套用、模仿、迁移和重构,有助于发挥译入语的优势,实现双语符号的成功转换。按照认知心理学观点,运用图式进行传译可包括三个方面,即运用原型匹配、运用模板匹配、运用“自上而下”搜索。     

中国资本和劳动力匹配状况分析:1978-2006

本文针对现实经济中资本与劳动力匹配可能会出现的5种情形,从新古典经济学的框架下推导了厂商在完全竞争环境下的资本劳动力理想最佳配比值形式,并以此为对照标准,分析了经济中资本劳动力现实匹配与理想匹配差距对要素配置可能产生的影响。接着本文详细讨论了对有关参数值进行了估算的过程中可能会出现的问题。最后我们利用中国1978~2006年间的数据对相关参数值进行了估算,通过计算我们得到了在此期间资本劳动力近似理想配比值和现实配比值的结果,根据此结果我们结合中国转型时期的特点对资本劳动力匹配状况进行了初步解释。     

A simple two-step procedure using the Fellegi–Sunter model for frequency-based record linkage

The widely used Fellegi–Sunter model for probabilistic record linkage does not leverage information contained in field values and consequently leads to identical classification of match status regardless of whether records agree on rare or common values. Since agreement on rare values is less likely to occur by chance than agreement on common values, records agreeing on rare values are more likely to be matches. Existing frequency-based methods typically rely on knowledge of error probabilities associated with field values and frequencies of agreed field values among matches, often derived using prior studies or training data. When such information is unavailable, applications of these methods are challenging. In this paper, we propose a simple two-step procedure for frequency-based matching using the Fellegi–Sunter framework to overcome these challenges. Matching weights are adjusted based on frequency distributions of the agreed field values among matches and non-matches, estimated by the Fellegi–Sunter model without relying on prior studies or training data. Through a real-world application and simulation, our method is found to produce comparable or better performance than the unadjusted method. Furthermore, frequency-based matching provides greater improvement in matching accuracy when using poorly discriminating fields with diminished benefit as the discriminating power of matching fields increases.     

计算机专业英语教学的几点思考

从专业英语的重要地位和作用入手,分析了计算机科学与技术本科专业的专业英语应具有的客观性、精练性和准确性特点。针对计算机专业英语教学的"三会"目标,提出可以不必再花大力气教授普通英语而直接过渡学习和专业有关的计算机英语的观点。为突出这一教学目的,阅读理解和翻译能力的培养应成为贯穿整个教学的红线;在教学方法上通过师生互动,采用任务教学法,积极调动学生专业英语学习的积极性和主动性;通过教法的实例分析,说明专业英语中的词汇教学才是重中之重。     

计算机英语的词汇特色

计算机英语与一般英语既相互联系,又相互区别,它以一般英语为基础,但在词汇等方面又表现出有别于一般英语的"个性"。本文探讨了计算机英语的这种"个性",认为只要知彼知己,勤于探索,就一定能够尽快提高计算机英语的读、听、说、写能力和在实际工作中的应用能力。     

政策变迁中公益牺牲与社会义务之调适——以城镇小区配套幼儿园移交政策为例

公共政策变迁中由于涉及对私主体财产权的拘束而执行困难,并影响政策目标实现的情形,在实践中屡有发生。城镇小区配套幼儿园移交政策就集中反映了此类问题。由于城镇小区配套幼儿园原所有者财产权之取得具有长期的政策背景,而产权移交又涉及其权利减损,进而出现政策执行困难。究其原因,是基于公共利益需要而产生的特别牺牲,与财产权的社会义务之间存在冲突。前者的不可期待性与后者的可期待性之间界限模糊。调控与助推理念的适用有助于调适二者的关系,促使利益调控成为行政法的基本任务之一,进而建构以比例原则、依法行政原则和溯及力标准为主要内容的调适标准,使公共利益维护和私人利益保障之间尽可能平衡,进而推动公共政策目标的实现。     

试论非计算机专业的计算机基础教育

主要针对我国高校非计算机专业《大学计算机基础》教学现状进行分析,并结合实际工作经验提出了针对性的改革方案。     

The “Silent Dog” Method: Analyzing the Impact of Self-Generated Rules When Teaching Different Computer Chains to Boys with Autism

The purpose of the study was to extend the literature on verbal self-regulation by using the “silent dog” method to evaluate the role of verbal regulation over nonverbal behavior in 2 individuals with autism. Participants were required to talk-aloud while performing functional computer tasks.Then the effects of distracters with increasing demands on target behavior were evaluated as well as whether self-talk emitted by Participant 1 could be used to alter Participant 2''s performance. Results suggest that participants'' tasks seemed to be under control of self-instructions, and the rules generated from Participants 1''s self-talk were effective in teaching computer skills to Participant 2. The silent dog method was useful in evaluating the possible role of self-generated rules in teaching computer skills to participants with autism.     

Efficiency or Competition? A Structural Econometric Analysis of Canada's AWS Auction and the Set‐Aside Provision

In 2008, Industry Canada auctioned 105 MHz of spectrum to a group of bidders that included incumbents and potential new entrants into the Canadian mobile phone market, raising $4.25 billion. In an effort to promote new entry, 40 MHz of spectrum was set‐aside for new entrants. In order to estimate the implicit cost of the set‐aside provision, we estimate the parameters of the bidders' profit function via a maximum match estimator based on the notion of pairwise stability in matches. We find that all telecommunications firms valued both geographic complementarities across auction licenses as well as absolute spectrum. Under a reasonable alternative scenario, our results indicate that the set‐aside led to a total profit loss of approximately 10%.