Reinvigorating the social contract and strengthening social cohesion: Social protection responses to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of those who are inadequately covered by social protection in more and less developed countries alike, and has exacerbated the fragility of a social contract that was already under strain in many countries. A weak social contract in the context of an exceptional crisis poses a very real risk to social cohesion. Nevertheless, many States have reasserted themselves as the guarantor of rights by protecting public health and incomes. By sustaining these measures, economic recovery will be supported which will help minimize risks that may weaken social cohesion. However, this is a fast-moving, inherently unstable and protracted crisis. Social protection stands at a critical juncture. Decisive policy action will be required to strengthen social protection systems, including floors, as one of the cornerstones of a reinvigorated social contract.     

The performance of the income protection system for older adults in Ecuador and future challenges

The objective of this article is to analyse the performance of Ecuador’s pension system and the challenges it will face in the future. Over the last 13 years, the pension system has made significant advances in terms of coverage and adequacy. However, demographic ageing is straining the financial sustainability of the contributory scheme. In this context, a number of public policy areas are identified, in terms of parameters and structures, which, together with the expansion of non-contributory coverage, could provide a more equitable and sustainable scheme.     

言语交际中的真实性准则

出于对人际交往中真假信息的关注,讨论如何从语言学的角度定义“说谎”和“谎言”,继而考察格莱斯合作原则理论中构成质量准则的“真实性”这一概念,并通过借鉴语言哲学中对“事件”、“事实”和“真实”等相关概念的分析,指出在社会语境下的人际交往过程中不存在所谓的绝对真实,有的只是语言使用者相信的“真实”。     

Social health protection in Cambodia: Challenges of policy design and implementation

The Government of Cambodia is implementing ambitious reform initiatives to improve the country's social health protection system. In January 2018, it was announced that the Health Equity Fund (HEF), which is fully subsidized by a joint government‐donor initiative for the reimbursement of user fees for the poor at public health facilities, is to be expanded to some segments of informal workers belonging to associations, as well as to commune and village chiefs. Since 2017, the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) has provided social health insurance for formal economy workers in enterprises with eight employees or more. In January 2018, it was expanded to civil servants and all employees regardless of the size of the enterprise. However, this article highlights that the new ambitious reforms are not accompanied by careful planning as regards funding, service delivery, human resources and institutional design. This article therefore aims to examine key policy issues and challenges for Cambodia's ambitious reform of its social health protection system in terms of resource generation, population coverage, strategic purchasing and governance.     

言语幽默的模因论研究

模因理论为语言的研究提供了一个崭新的视角,人们可以凭借该理论来重新审视言语幽默。语言模因在言语幽默中的表现形式分为“拿来”型、“改装”型和“原创”型等三种。语言模因在言语幽默中的运用策略大致分为预设前提,请君入瓮;以子之矛,攻子之盾;偷梁挟柱,移花接木;明修栈道,暗度陈仓等类别。     

文人书画起源问题研究

文人书画艺术是中国古代精神文明成果的集中展示形式之一,在一定的历史时期,对于中国书画艺术的健康发展起 到了积极的推动作用。书画艺术同源发展,但文人之书与文人之画的发展却有先后之别。文人书画的出现与封建经济的发 展,文学艺术的深刻影响,士人阶层的出现,篆刻艺术的发展,新材料的运用,审美观念的变革等均密切相关。探索文人书画 的起源对于正确认识文人书画的是非功过,特别是对现当代各级美术教育有着重要的参考意义。     

空间理论视域下农民工“城市不融入”探究

现阶段,农民工作为城市化的建设者和贡献者,遭遇到无法融入城市的不公平境遇。20世纪70年代以来兴起的空间理论为解释农民工“城市不融入”问题提供了一个有力视角。基于空间理论分析,造成农民工“城市不融入”的主要原因是：制度空间设计下的户籍制度具有双重逻辑：既带来“城”和“乡”空间对立,又形成“农民”和“市民”身份排斥;地域空间中,住房的缺失与“城中村”形成,“寄生空间”与“城市空间”对立;认同空间中,“市民”的空间排斥和“农民工”的自我怀疑无法达成心理共识。要解决农民工“城市不融入”,应在制度空间、地域空间以及认同空间的基础上构建空间融入。     

在华国际非政府组织法律规制缺陷及应对

国际非政府组织在华已经活动三十年有余,中国仍然在对其法律规制层面存在种种缺陷,这与中国根深蒂固的对其不信任态度及防范意识分不开的.鉴于其在中国经济建设中发挥出的出色积极作用,在没有满足颁布诸如《非政府组织法》等专门法规条件之前的过渡期之内,中国政府应该转变对其的指导思想及态度,通过完善现有中央层面及地方层面法规,加强对其法律规制.除此之外,在华的国际非政府组织应该通过完善与缔结自身行为准则等途径,提高自身素质,积极寻求与中国政府合作的机会,获取国家及人民的信任;同时,中国本土的非政府组织也应该勇敢的走出国门,提高国际事务的参与度.     

生态文明与人的生存关怀

恩格斯100多年前就关注人与自然的和谐相处,预警人类的生存危机,马克思则提出了根本的解决之道:包含生态文明与人的生存关怀在内的人化自然。面对着世界范围内的生态文明与人的生存关怀缺失,中国更应该从意识、规律、建设方面,坚持经济、社会、生态效益的统一,展示社会主义的生态文明与人的生存关怀。     

沿海滩涂的“零净损失”法律制度研究

“零净损失”法律制度发端于美国,是美国为了保护其湿地而设立的一项制度。这一制度已经得到世界上不少国家的采纳,其实施有效保护了湿地。沿海滩涂作为湿地的重要组成部分,具有非常重要的生态功能,需要进行“零净损失”的保护,而且其所具有的动态性也使得这一制度在我国具有可行性。沿海滩涂的“零净损失”法律制度不仅包括面积的零净损失,也包括生态环境质量的零净损失。因而其法律制度是一个系统的内容。