清水出芙蓉——王安忆20世纪90年代后小说艺术特色浅谈

20世纪90年代以来,王安忆的创作不论是在纵向的自我比较中还是横向的同行比较中都发生了很多变化.她以家常生活作为载体,关注人的心灵世界,创作出独特的更具震撼力的普通人的传奇.在当代的背景下,她继承又颠覆了中国传统的创作手法,不以虚、反以实创造出意境之美,寻找到了工笔和写意之间独特的平衡点;拓宽更新了语言的使用,增强了文字的表现力.     

《乡村教师支持计划(2015-2020年)》实施情况的调查研究

通过问卷、访谈等方式对《乡村教师支持计划（2015-2020年）》的实施情况进行调查研究,结果发现：《乡村教师支持计划（2015-2020年）》的实施成效主要表现在乡村教师流失减少、工资待遇提高、培训机会增多、补充机制逐步完善以及教师轮岗增多五个方面;在这一计划的实施过程中也出现了五个方面的问题,主要表现为《乡村教师支持计划（2015-2020年）》知晓度低、经费投入不足、教师空缺现象依然严重、职称评聘不尽合理、激励措施乏力。据此,提出四项建议：以省级政府为主导逐级宣传相关政策,增加机动编制补充乡村学校短缺学科教师,由教育行政部门统筹组织乡村教师职称评聘,以省为单位建立乡村教师专项奖励基金,从而充分发挥教师政策的作用,努力提高政策效能。     

剧变中的我国留守妻子及其学术与公共政策含义

针对被广泛使用的“留守妇女冶概念的歧义,文章首先提出了“留守妻子冶概念。 2000 年以来全国人口普查和 1% 人口抽样调查资料揭示,我国留守妻子在进入 21 世纪后发生了一系列重大变化:其规模由剧增到快速减少,农村留守妻子的规模减少更早更快,留守妻子的来源地构成正在经历快速城镇化,留守妻子的居住方式类型构成正在快速直系化等。 这些变化有着重要的学术研究和公共政策含义。     

流动人口的社会阶层、社会流动与未婚先孕——以上海市为例

采用二元逻辑斯蒂回归模型,从社会阶层与社会流动的视角对影响流动人口未婚先孕的因素进行分析.关于社会阶层的研究结果显示,育龄妇女的受教育程度与月均收入水平两因素的影响结果显著,受教育程度越高未婚先孕的比例越低,收入越高未婚先孕的比例越低.育龄妇女的户口对未婚先孕不产生显著性影响;关于社会流动的研究结果显示,育龄妇女婚姻的教育匹配与户口匹配对未婚先孕有着显著性影响,教育匹配的上向流动增加未婚先孕的比例,下向流动降低未婚先孕的比例.但户口匹配却显示出上向流动降低未婚先孕的比例,下向流动增加未婚先孕的比例.     

Household Registration Reform,Labor Mobility and Optimization of the Urban Hierarchy

A rational hierarchy of rank-size distribution is indispensable for optimizing the urban hierarchy. On the basis of the number of permanent urban residents, using rank-size rule testing and core density estimation within the framework of spatial economics, we set up a labor force location choice model and conducted quantitative simulations. Our findings show that the structure of China’s urban hierarchy differs from the pyramid structure of Zipf’s Law, and the household registration system impedes the free movement of labor and makes the size distribution of cities deviate from Pareto optimality. Household registration (hukou) reform will be conducive to the optimization of the urban hierarchy. Optimizing the urban hierarchy should become a consistent objective in today’s development of new-type urbanization, city clusters and metropolitan areas.     

Ten years of Boko Haram: how transportation drives Africa’s deadliest insurgency

ABSTRACT

This article challenges the ways in which much scholarship on terrorism and insurgencies have been ‘a-mobile.’ It addresses this problem by drawing on the ‘new mobilities paradigm’ to explore analytically how the decade-long Boko Haram insurgency in north-eastern Nigeria have developed around the system of automobility and have simultaneously been transformed by it. The analysis extends to the impact of the violent insurgency and state regulation on populations whose livelihoods are rooted in mobility. Foregrounding automobility as a lethal weapon, an instrument of power, the article recasts the evolution and mutation of Boko Haram in light of how the group weaponizes transportation/mobility, and how it interacts with differently and differentially mobile others. This article should be seen as a first attempt to insert the subject of (auto)mobility into the rapidly growing literature on Boko Haram, contributing to our meagre understanding of how movement and stasis influences the group’s tactics and choice of targets. It brings together qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, media reports, and hours of observations at roadblocks and control posts operated by a local security assemblage of police officers, paramilitaries, and soldiers.     

从“官吏分途”到“层级分流”:帝国逻辑下的中国官僚人事制度

魏晋南北朝以来的“官吏分途”是中国官僚体制的重大制度变迁,本文从这一角度出发,审视当代中国官员的空间流动状况,提出以“官吏相对谱系”为特点的“层级分流”模式。文章从周雪光的“帝国逻辑”分析框架出发,借用史学研究和社会科学理论来认识和解释人事制度安排与帝国治理逻辑之间的关系。文章认为,从“官吏分途”到“层级分流”,这一人事制度造成了官僚体制的二元结构及其迥然不同的职业生涯、激励设置和利益群体,为中国官僚体制的运作打上了鲜明烙印。本文充实和扩展了“帝国逻辑”的理论思路。     

Students’ narratives of the future: Imagined mobilities as forms of youth agency?

In the context of the ‘iFuture’ research project, 341 18-year-old Sardinian students were asked to write an essay in which they imagined themselves at 90 and described what their futures (in the past) would look like. Such data allow us to investigate the notion of agency. Agency and the future are deeply intertwined: agency involves the idea of projection and implies anticipation; the ‘desired’ futures have an impact on the ways in which youth act in the world today. We focus on the analysis of one of the emerging findings, which expresses an interesting configuration of youth agency, namely the imagination of youth mobility. This finding expresses the desire to put some projects into place, yet it concurrently implies that youth believe that these projects are impossible to achieve in the current context. After offering an overview of imagined destinations, we identify two ways in which imagined mobility emerges from the rich material collected: (a) mobility as an entry ticket, to bypass the uncertainty associated with crude reality and (b) mobility as an occasion for self-experimentation and self-growth. We conclude by discussing in what ways these forms of imagined future mobilities may be seen as youth agency.     

Class,place and mobility beyond the global city: stigmatisation and the cosmopolitanisation of the local

ABSTRACT

This paper draws on a multi-sited qualitative study of youth in regional Australia to explore the contemporary relationship between class, place attachment, and the imperative towards mobility and cosmopolitanism. The paper shows how local classed identities shape how young people situate themselves and their localities in relation to the rest of the world, and how experiences of mobility produce classed attachments to place. Here, place is made meaningful within the broader cultural politics of inequality in neoliberalism, in which the moral denigration of figures of the working class come to stand for the disadvantage currently associated with regional places. However local classed histories offer some young people the capacity for resistance, whilst others are unable to reframe their localities in positive terms. Moreover, whilst cosmopolitanism is a mode of classed distinction across the two research sites, this can be enacted either through practices of mobility, or through the repositioning of the local in cosmopolitan terms through the identity practices of middle-class youth. The paper therefore reveals new ways in which local social and economic histories offer young people different ways in which to relate to notions of mobility as well as to reconstruct the meaning of their home.     

How do new members affect the relationship between principal investigator’s network position and academic output of granted funds?

The paper focuses on how to improve academic output of a granted fund when the adding of new members changes principal investigator’s network position. This objective is refined by exploring how new members affect the relationship between principal investigator’s network position and the academic output of granted funds, and whether this effect is similar in high-output and low-output collaboration networks. New members are divided into two groups, namely, international collaboration and inbound mobility. Using negative binomial regression on research funds supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the results indicate that new members indeed have moderating effects on the relationship between principal investigator’s network position and the academic output of granted funds. Moreover, we find that this moderating effect in high-output collaboration networks is larger than that in low-output collaboration networks. Our findings provide practical implications for the decision makers to design funding planning and for the principal investigators to improve academic output.