哈尼族乡村日常生活中的消费赊账形式——以云南省元阳县箐口村为例

在社会结构与具体情景的作用下,消费赊账经济行动是存在于当前日常生活中的一种社会惯例。对箐口村日常生活中消费赊账现象的考察发现,在实践之中,地缘与情感因素的叠加使得坐商的赊账发生率高于行商。日常生活中的消费赊账发生场所一般集中在商店,消费赊账的人群多为青壮年群体,赊账的表达则可分为主动表达和被动表达两种形式,赊账的内容与日常消费品有关,一次性赊账的数额最高一般在150元左右。以此可见,乡村经济场域中的消费赊账是一种生活型经济行动,是在"互惠"支配机制作用下的实践经济。     

中国社会分层背景下的教育功能变化

当前教育功能从原有的促进循环到了引发阶层身份复制。教育功能的变化是中国社会阶层化和社会结构趋于断裂的结果。现阶段中国阶层分化日渐清晰、总体性精英阶层已经形成,教育不公和精致编码的运用增进了阶层之间的“屏蔽”,同时由于目前社会流动标准转向文化资本的多寡,上位阶层因此将社会资本、经济资本、文化资本纷纷投入教育领域,弱势阶层处于竞争的不利地位,阻滞下层子弟向上流动。这种趋势发展下去,教育将成为阶层身份复制的场所。     

阶层固化、社会流动与社会稳定

“阶层固化”作为中国转型时期的一种客观存在,对社会和谐的危害明显。“子承父业”观念、家庭社会资本的不均等、现行制度的漏洞等是其形成的主要原因。要逐步打破“阶层固化”,建立起公正、合理、开放的现代化社会流动机制,促进社会稳定必须进行包括经济体制、政治体制在内的一系列制度创新。     

农民工社会融合问题研究综述

农民工是否能够顺利地融入城市,能否与城市居民和谐相处是我国现阶段一个深层次的社会问题。从社会学视角,对国内外关于农民工社会融合问题的研究进行了梳理、整合。     

人口流动迁移与泛珠三角区域经济的协调发展

从人口流动迁移角度研究泛珠三角区域经济协调发展问题,旨在分析人口集聚、产业集聚以及经济集聚的相互影响和作用。通过构造人口流动迁移的微观经济模型,掌握人口流动、迁移和集聚的动因;通过人口与产业的空间布局分析,说明泛珠三角区域先发展地区的人口集聚与产业集聚过程应该相互适应,而后发展地区的人口“回流”与产业转移过程更应互为补充。所以,泛珠三角区域不同经济发展水平的地区,应该结合本地区的产业优势和人力资本现状制定相关的产业发展政策和人口政策。     

Industrialization and the Regime of Social Mobility in Postwar Japan

Abstract  This paper examines the hypothesis that the fluidity and openness of social stratification increase with industrialization, by applying a path analysis of status attainment and a log-linear analysis of social mobility to data from National Survey on Social Stratification and Mobility carried out five times at ten-year intervals since 1955 in Japan. The following two points are clarified through this analysis. First, the status attainment regime was constant from 1955 to 1995; when the effects of opportunity expansion due to economic growth are controlled, the data do not provide evidence that the openness of social stratification improved; and the industrialism thesis on openness is actually an illusion caused by the effects of economic growth. Second, the mobility regime was constant from 1955 to 1985, but the data from the 1995 survey do not fit the previous pattern and suggest a transformation may be under way. Based on the above findings, I will note that dissolution of the mobility regime must be considered when discussing the reality of future social stratification.     

The occupational (im)mobility of migrants in Italy

Migrants usually experience a downward mobility in their host country’s economy and are over-represented among lower status jobs. The present study contributes to the knowledge on migrant occupation mobility in Italy, assuming a longitudinal perspective and focusing on two aspects: first, the entry of migrants into the Italian labour market and, second, the working trajectories of migrants in Italy, reflecting the role of the first step in determining the following trajectory and migrants’ strategies.     

Reconciling transnational mobility and national social security: what say the welfare state bureaucrats?

The welfare state was constructed to ensure the well-being of a sedentary population, consisting of citizens living within the territorial boundaries of the nation. However, mobility patterns change, and more people lead lives that criss-cross national borders while drawing on different sources of transnational social protection – the welfare state included. Now, the daily work of bureaucrats involves delivering national social security benefits to transnationally mobile recipients. Through encounters and casework processes, these welfare state bureaucrats observe how ‘transnationals’ deal with complex regulations and make use of the social security system. This article explores bureaucrats’ perceptions of individuals’ agency and behaviour as they reconcile their transnational mobility with national social security. It builds on data collected during ethnographic fieldwork in the Norwegian welfare administration, including 36 interviews, participant observation and informal conversations. The analysis identifies an institutional perspective of transnationals’ agency as shaped by their level of regulatory awareness and compliance. The bureaucrats observe some types of transnational behaviour to be more prevalent than others. As the article concludes, these bureaucratic perspectives have major implications for transnational social security delivery and how the welfare state accommodates transnational mobility.     

Making the transnational move: deliberation,negotiation, and disjunctures among overseas Chinese returnees in China

As Chinese cities compete aggressively for foreign-educated Chinese labour from afar and offer enticing recruitment packages, little is known about how targeted foreign-educated Chinese navigate these programmes across transnational space. This article explores the relationship between the talent recruitment programmes the Chinese state fiercely promote and the experiences of U.S.-educated Chinese returnees. Drawing upon the literature on neoliberal globalisation, skilled return migration, and Chinese diaspora engagement, I argue that transnationally connected and mobile migrants do not subscribe to the nationalistic development agenda of a particular state but move across transnational spaces by strategically utilising different forms of capital at their disposal. Based on qualitative data collected in China between 2014 and 2016, this article demonstrates that despite strong push from the Chinese state towards patriotism, foreign-educated Chinese returnees do not subscribe to the inherently place-based, nationalistic development agenda. Rather, they utilise different forms of capital that these initiatives provide in ways the Chinese state has not intended: to enhance mobility across national borders and flexibility to organise their careers and detach themselves from particular places. More work is called for to further theorise the experiences of these transnational elites and the new subjectivities emerging from these processes.     

The transnational career aspirations of France’s high-achieving second-generation Maghrebi migrants

This article examines the mobility aspirations of France’s high-achieving second-generation Maghrebi migrants. Drawing on in-depth, open-ended interviews with students and graduates of grandes ecoles, prestigious higher education institutions, it delves into the career trajectories they intend to embark on beyond the French borders. Three distinct mobility projects are envisioned by the respondents. While some contemplate intensifying their ties with their parents’ homeland, others envisage moving to a ‘third space’ in which they have commonly lived during their studies and established strong connections. Another group of informants seek to set up hyper-mobile careers spanning multiple global-cities. The article suggests that the threat of discrimination and the desire to defy the nation-based assimilationist rhetoric frame the desire to set up transnational pathways. It further disentangles the role of educational resources, social capital in the places envisioned, as well as gender processes in informing these distinctive ways of engaging with the transnational among second-generation migrants. Lastly, the article examines the specific trajectories of respondents who intend to remain in France.