试探现代建筑与通神学的渊源关系

通神学是西方社会科学发展的产物.当科学和人们信仰的宗教产生冲突时,人们的精神该何去何从?最终,人们的精神从通神学那里获得了安宁.文章通过研究通神学的产生,以及它对艺术包括建筑艺术的影响,探索当代建筑的本原和发展方向--表达情感、激起情感.     

农耕与游牧交汇下中国古典戏剧的文类变异

以异质文明之间的影响为视域,以希腊悲剧"苦尾"为比较点,发现有两个重要原因导致中国悲剧出现"乐尾"现象。农耕文明中的乐感情结与苦难情结之间的内在张力为"悲身乐尾"的艺术结构提供了植生的土壤;农耕文明在游牧文明的强力作用下,原来的文艺在结构、秩序与功能上发生了变异。在文类形态上,中国出现了戏剧的"二度诞生",并产生了普世性的悲剧形态;在文类功能上,悲剧与哲学(宗教)共时地肩负起诠释与化解"人役"苦难的历史重任,哲学(宗教)与悲剧的"共时同台",化生出"悲身乐尾"的艺术式样。     

Cot de la réglementation du travail et lacunes de l'indicateur «Doing Business>>: l'exemple de l'Afrique du Sud

L'indicateur «Embauche des travailleurs>> de la base de donnée de la Banque mondiale «Doing Business>>, enquěte de 2006, a présenté des résultats mitigés sur le contenu et la portée de la réglementation du travail en Afrique du Sud. Les auteurs indiquent que ces mesures – avec leur vision étroite de la législation – ne fournissent qu'une image incomplète de la réglementation du travail. Ils proposent et étudient trois extensions possibles à la structure de «Doing Business>>, notamment: la «microlégislation>>, les institutions du marché du travail et l'interprétation jurisprudentielle. Ils concluent par un plaidoyer pour leur prise en compte dans l'évaluation du cadre réglementaire du travail.     

Soutenir le marché : les nouveaux instruments de la politique du logement

This examination of the tax incentives to individuals, established since the 1980s, for stimulating investments in building new rentals runs counter to the prevailing opinion about the French state's withdrawal from the housing sector. These arrangements have become a key instrument in housing policy. Though playing a decisive part in designing them, public authorities then lose control to private players, in particular real estate developers, who play a key role in implementing them. As the analysis of these arrangements shows, players in the market depend on interventions by public authorities. In fact, the very nature of public interventions is altered not only by being more oriented toward market players but also by losing visibility. Furthermore, the costs are hard to assess, and the effects, highly uncertain.     

中国古代文体观念与文章分类思想的关系——兼与西方文类思想比较

中国古代的“文类”与“文体”范畴生成了中国古代的文章关于“分类”与“辨体”的思想。前者重点发展了关于文章的“类”的思想,其分类具有较强的层次性和系统性;后者则鲜明体现了中国古代文类思想的独特品质,“每体自为一类”的文章分类形式充分体现了中国古代文论中的“文体本位”意识。     

An actuarial balance sheet of the Swiss old‐age pension scheme

Following the recent update of the international System of National Accounts (2008 SNA), internationally comparable estimates of accrued‐to‐date pension liabilities (ADL) of unfunded social security pension schemes will soon be available in the supplementary table to the National Accounts. Against this background, this article analyzes the medium‐term sustainability of the Swiss old‐age pension scheme (Alters‐ und Hinterlassenenversicherung – AHV). This is achieved by estimating a “Swedish” actuarial balance sheet, which compares pension liabilities with the explicit and implicit assets of the pension scheme. Our results show that the current financing of the AHV is unsustainable, with about 30 per cent of the liabilities not backed by corresponding assets. In order to close this financing gap either the contribution rate should rise from 8.4 per cent to 12 per cent or all pension liabilities should be cut by about 38 per cent.     

论涉己态度问题--从心灵哲学与语言哲学的视角看

一般认为，涉己态度对传统关于态度及其归属的解释框架提出了挑战，即它引发人们重新考虑态度内容的本质及态度归属的语义解释问题。对此，文献中主要提出了三种解决方案———弗雷格式的解释、三元关系的解释和自我归属的解释。研究发现，这三种解决方案都存在问题，并且涉己态度的特殊性以及涉己态度报告在自然语言中的存在性也值得怀疑。鉴于此，论文提出涉己态度问题需要结合态度及态度归属研究领域的其他难题以及自然语言中的相关语言事实来进一步研究。     

À la recherche d’une politique biomédicale en France : chronique d’une réforme inaboutie en cancérologie

This article proposes to explore research administration practices in the analysis of the spread of biomedicine in France. This approach, combined with an analytical positioning inspired by the sociology of organisations, brings an additional element to conventional approaches to biomedicine, since it helps to identify constraints other than those associated with the scientific and clinical practices themselves. Drawing on empirical observation of the development of contemporary policy on cancer research, we will show the crucial influence of the distribution of power between the different stakeholders involved in developing public processes for promoting biomedical practices.     

Les rouages du genre. La différenciation des pratiques de travail chez les juges des enfants

When women and men occupy apparently identical positions, do they develop exactly the same working practices? Based on a survey of youth court judges, the article directly tackles this tricky question, one rarely raised in relation to the highest professions. After showing that gender contributes to differences in judicial practices, but not in the sense of gender stereotypes, it identifies the mechanisms through which it operates. Far from acting in isolation, uniformly and independently of the contexts of practice, it works through complex and sometimes contradictory processes, always closely linked with the other dimensions of professional and social pathways. In this case, gender produces its effects through two primary mediations: one, the attitudes of each judge to psycho-educational norms, and two, their attitudes to gender stereotypes.