Crack ‘Hos and Skeezers: Traumatic experiences of women crack users

The involvement of women in crack cocaine abuse has had a severe impact on their health, the health of their children and the stability of their communities. Of particular concern has been the development of a system of barter in which crack‐for‐sex exchanges are the means through which women obtain the drug. Earlier studies have suggested that drug abuse may be related to and exacerbated by trauma. In the project described herein, we interviewed women crack users in Harlem to study the relationship between trauma, crack use, and crack‐related sexual behavior. Results suggested the existence of three types of trauma: (1) traumas that predate the respondent's onset of crack use; (2) traumas that were the direct sequelae of crack use; and (3) stigma trauma, that is, trauma that results from membership in a despised or oppressed group. We observed a complex inter‐relationship involving crack use, crack‐for‐sex transactions, and these three types of trauma. Treatment of the eventual co‐morbidity of trauma and addiction is an urgent challenge.     

Current trends of Internet Addiction Disorder research: a review of 2000–2008 Korean academic journal articles

This article reviewed various Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) studies in Korea. The study showed that the symptoms of IAD have been reported by many Korean scholars, but the current Korean literature shows that IAD has yet to have a universally accepted theoretical framework. Internet addictions have been studied in various disciplines, and a multimodal approach that uses a combination of interactivity between psychotherapies and other intervention skills has been suggested by various authors, but has yet to be formed. A further study is required to explore a structural map based on the interrelations between IAD risk factors and to establish its treatment modalities.     

重庆大学生健康危险行为的实证研究

采用自编的大学生健康危险行为问卷对重庆市5所大学的1 228名大学生的健康危险行为进行调查,结果表明:大学生健康危险行为具有普遍性,乘车不系安全带者为60.6％,经常吸烟率为14.7％,经常饮酒率为55.1％,上网率为91.8％,网瘾率为7.4％;45.1％的大学生受到情绪困扰,5.1％的大学生认真考虑过自杀,6.2％的大学生有过性行为;在性别、年级、城乡、独生子女、住校等人口统计学变量上具有差异性;学业成绩好、父亲文化水平低且不住校的男大学生更可能出现健康危险行为;在意外伤害行为、暴力伤害行为、自杀行为、吸烟行为、性行为、网络成瘾等各种健康危险行为之间存在相关性.     

Aggression and conduct disorder in former Soviet Union immigrant adolescents: The role of parenting style and ego identity

The study examined aggression, guilt feelings and conduct disorder (CD) in adolescent immigrants from the Former Soviet Union. One hundred and nineteen adolescents, including sixty six immigrants and fifty native Israelis from four residential schools, completed questionnaires assessing level of aggression, sense of guilt, ego identity, and parenting style. Objective assessments of CD were obtained from instructors at the residential schools, using the CBCL. Results indicate that diffused ego identity is the strongest predictor of aggression, guilt, and CD. A lack of positive parenting moderates the link between diffused ego identity and aggression and CD, while positive parenting promotes a sense of guilt, especially in the immigrant group. These results warrant cultural identity-sensitive interventions.     

自闭症谱系障碍者的视觉注意特点及其应用

自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)者在目光接触、面孔表情、身体活动等社交信息的视觉注意方面存在困难,同时也有对局部信息加工、视觉搜索等方面的视觉优势。在ASD康复训练和日常生活管理中,可借助视觉特点辅助ASD者理解日常生活,利用ASD者视觉记忆优势达到教学目标,针对视觉症状帮助ASD者适应社会,扬长避短,从其优势出发更好地帮助ASD者适应社会。     

对大学生网络成瘾的思考

针对目前高校部分大学生网络成瘾的特点及现状,文章客观地分析了其原因,并提出了应采取的对策。     

Biased Mentalizing in Children Aged Seven to 11: Latent Class Confirmation of Response Styles to Social Scenarios and Associations with Psychopathology

A new approach to the measurement of mentalizing is introduced. Instead of measuring the presence or absence of mentalizing capacity, the current study aimed at developing a mentalizing task that focuses on investigating biases in mentalizing through the use of ambiguous peer‐related social scenarios. The response consistency of 659 children was investigated in a community sample of children aged seven to 11. Confirmatory latent class analysis allocated children to three groups on the basis of their responses: an overly positive style (OP), a rational/neutral style (R) or an overly negative style (ON). Children classed as OP showed a greater likelihood of being above cut‐off on a population screen for externalizing disorder. Over a two‐year follow‐up period, the children who were classified as R were most likely to remain so whereas the OP and ON children were found to change group. The results are discussed in the context of social‐cognitive research in this age group. Further studies should examine the external validity of the mentalizing task because the results reported here concern only internal construct validity.     

当代大学生心理问题探究

大学生是民族栋梁、国家未来,他们的健康成长不单维系着家庭幸福、人民期望,更直接关系着社会安定、国家兴衰。文章紧扣大学生心理健康主题,从发现问题、提出问题、探讨问题、解决问题入手并针对问题进行相关研究;从社会学、心理学、心理健康教育、全民精神卫生理念、探索矫正心理问题等方面去展开阐述与论证。突出了教育工作者的职能与大学生心理问题研究的紧迫性与重要性。旨在呼吁社会学家、心理学家、教育家、医学家以及全社会关心重视大学生心理健康教育问题。