Intergenerational and program-induced effects of welfare dependency: Evidence from the national longitudinal survey of youth

This study uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth to examine intergenerational and program-induced effects of welfare dependency. Three research questions are asked: (a) How do parental Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) receipt and other family background characteristics affect subsequent dependency on AFDC? (b) How do attitudes about welfare and state AFDC benefit levels affect AFDC dependency? and (c) How do the patterns and factors associated with AFDC dependency vary across racial and ethnic lines? The results suggest that women who grew up in households that received welfare during the woman's adolescence are approximately twice as likely to be dependent on AFDC in young adulthood as women whose families did not received welfare. Further, state AFDC benefit levels are associated with higher risks of AFDC dependency, but the association is significant only for Anglo women. These analyses provide little support for the hypothesis that attitudes toward welfare and low-wage work increase the likelihood of welfare dependency.     

衍生企业技术与市场能力发展路径研究——基于东汽树脂的纵向案例

以研究衍生企业创业过程中技术与市场能力发展路径为目的,以从衍生到现在发展了20多年的东汽树脂为案例研究对象。研究发现,在母体资源依赖下,东汽树脂的衍生创业过程中技术能力与市场能力呈现不同的演进路径,二者并非总是呈协同发展状态,但二者的协调发展是其独立成长的必然要求。通过探索性地研究深入剖析了衍生背景下创业企业技术能力与市场能力的演化路径及二者的互动过程,有助于理解我国处于母体企业主营业务边缘的衍生企业的能力构建机理。     

Social Structure and Child Poverty

Child poverty, as a critical indicator of the QOL, is intricately related to the social structure of the community. This hypothesis is explored for the 159 counties of Georgia for the year 2000. The influence of demographic, economic, family and health factors upon child poverty are explored through models of total, black and white child poverty. Factor analyses of factors uncovered by the models identify the social-structural features of counties in relation to child poverty. Counties considered “Deprived/rural” harbor child poverty, while counties described as “Business/money” and “Progressive/urban” bear a negative relationship to child poverty. Positively associated with child poverty are residential stability, unemployment, low educational achievement, youth and age dependency, single-parent female household heads with children, grandparent child care, and health disability of child, elders and of working-age persons. Structural factors militating against child poverty are persons with greater education, higher population density, out migration, larger married population, higher retail sales, larger middle class families, higher weekly wages, and other structural features of the county.     

'Thoughtful' practice: child care social work and the role of case discussion

Since the publication of Lord Laming’s inquiry into the death of Victoria Climbé there have been a number of insightful and thoughtful papers into the professional context and circumstances that surrounded this tragedy. Those papers highlight the insufficient thought given to the psychosocial dimensions of Victoria’s situation, their impact on professional practice and the support needs of practitioners. This paper explores the tensions between ‘doing’ and ‘thinking’ in contemporary practice and draws on psychodynamic concepts to inform our understanding of why individuals and organizations behave in repetitiously compulsive ways. A case discussion model is outlined and its potential for addressing the psychodynamic demands facing practitioners and front‐line managers is considered.     

Stochastic compartmental models with birth,death and immigration of particles

A stochastic multi-compartmental system with initial and immigrant particles performing birth and death processes is considered. Moments and approximate solutions for cumulant generating function for the number of particles in various compartments are obtained. Explicit expression have been obtained for the covariance function between the number of particles in any compartment at two different time points. Applications are discussed.     

经济转型过程中资源依赖度演进路径分解模型研究

资源依赖度的变化是资源型经济转型的重要标志。为了识别转型过程中的驱动因素和滞后因素,并对可持续发展效果进行评价,本文提出了资源依赖度演进路径分解模型。该模型在考虑一个经济体的各个组成部分的基础上,以资源依赖度的导数形式为起点,通过设计对数均值算法解决定积分计算中存在的问题,最终得到资源依赖度演进路径完全分解方程。该模型可以将一个经济体在一段时期内资源依赖度的变化,分解为每一个组成部分在每一年通过每一项影响因素所做出的贡献的和。此外,本文还使用该模型对山西省2006-2012年资源依赖度的变化量进行了分解分析,为促进山西省资源型经济的转型发展提出了相应的政策建议。     

法轮功修炼者人格特点及其文化传统成因

法轮功修炼者人格中最主要的一种人格类型是依赖人格 ,这种依赖人格的形成有着极其深厚的历史文化传统背景。中国传统伦理社会的等级观念、依附思想根深蒂固地存在于人们的意识之中 ,培育的是中国人内心的“救世主意识” ,所以相当多的现代人身上依然深深地烙刻着传统依赖型人格的特点 ,因此在社会转型时期 ,出现法轮功这一现象绝不是偶然的。     

北魏"宗主督护"制始行时间试探--兼论"宗主督护"制的社会影响

本文对魏晋南北朝时期的基层乡里组织"宗主督护"制进行了全面考察,指出"宗主督护"制产生的社会背景和历史条件是一方面有大量的人口流移,使原有的乡里组织丧失控制居民的职能;另一方面是封建"荫附"关系迅速发展,依靠经济与宗族势力并建有坞、堡、垒、壁等军事自保组织的钨壁主大量涌现,众多的人口为逃避战乱而为钨壁主所控制.笔者认为,"宗主督护"制产生于西晋末年,而不是人们通常认为的北魏初期,这一制度实行了近两个世纪,并且在北魏孝文帝废"宗主督护",行"三长制"之后,北方地区的"宗主"、"坞主"仍然以各种形式顽强地存在着,并继续在控制宗族权力、笼络荫附人口、把持地方政权等方面发挥其影响力.     

路径依赖理论：高校辅导员职业倦怠的组织因素与对策

在诠释高校辅导员职业倦怠的涵义和危害的基础上,立足于路径依赖理论,探寻高校辅导员职业倦怠产生的组织因素,主要表现为学校传统文化教育伦理观影响、传统权威主义文化心理的影响、＂坐班制＂的影响、辅导员角色定位的冲突与模糊、缺乏有效的绩效考核和激励措施。而重构现时代健康的校园文化、汇集辅导员的智慧与能力,使其参与管理、采取激励政策,调动辅导员的激情则是消除高效辅导员职业倦怠的组织对策。     

Philosophy and profound disability: learning from experience

Reflection on profound and multiple learning difficulties and disabilities raises a series of questions in moral and political philosophy, a claim supported by philosophical argument but also given credence by human testimony, some examples of which are presented here. I introduce three young people with profound learning disabilities, before presenting testimony on their behalf, organised so as to coincide with a series of related philosophical questions about human dignity, respect, citizenship and dependency. I suggest that there are implications that apply to all people and not only to those with profound learning difficulties.