Emergence of entrepreneurial behaviour: The role of age-based self-image

This study introduces an individual’s perception of their entrepreneurial potential in terms of their age (age-based self-image) to complement chronological age as a predictor of entrepreneurial behaviour. The principal hypothesis is that a positive age-based self-image enhances the likelihood of individuals turning their intention to start a business into actual behaviour. The empirical analysis based on data collected on the general adult population of Finland in 2011 and 2012 (n = 672) supports this hypothesis. The analysis further shows that this positive effect is independent of the individual’s chronological age, and it is thus applicable to both age groups that are under-represented in entrepreneurship: ‘youngsters’ and ‘seniors’. Promoting the development of a positive age-based self-image is a prospective policy option for fostering entrepreneurship among younger and older age groups. More in-depth research, especially concerning the antecedents of positive age-based self-image, is required for the effectiveness of such policy interventions.     

The Origin of Major Choice,Academic Commitment,and Career‐Decision Readiness Among Taiwanese College Students

The present study aimed to examine if and how career‐decision readiness relates to the origin of college major choice among Taiwanese college students. A total of 375 junior and senior college students (147 women, 228 men) responded to measures of college major choice, academic commitment, career self‐efficacy, and career‐decision readiness. Results indicated that students' academic commitment to a college major tend to increase when they choose their majors based on personal and career preferences. In sequence, high levels of academic commitment lead to high levels of career self‐efficacy, and increased self‐efficacy augments the extent of career‐decision readiness that students manifest near the end of their college education. These findings have practical implications insofar as many Asian students choose a college major because of parents and other authority figures, and these findings demonstrate that a full understanding of career‐decision readiness may require incorporating the origin of college major choice and its academic effects into future research.     

中国集体林权制度变迁及其内在经济动因分析

随着我国宏观经济改革的不断深化,推进集体林权配套改革成为社会对集体林权改革的共识。因此,加强对集体林权制度改革变迁的研究,对于明确集体林权配套改革方向、深化社会宏观经济改革具有重要意义。根据不同历史时期集体林权制度对于产权主体的不同界定,将集体林权制度变迁的历程划分为4个阶段,并运用经济学的生产与消费、博弈论、制度经济学等理论对4个阶段的经济动因做了系统分析。结果表明：历次集体林权制度变迁的方向是与国家当时经济社会环境紧密相关的,历次集体林权制度变迁实质均是国家基于宏观经济最优化目标下的制度安排,与在此安排下农民作出的微观理性选择的结合,集体林权制度改革的成功实施均是宏观制度安排与微观理性选择相一致的结果。     

马克思主义时代化的内涵及其路径选择

马克思主义时代化不仅仅是一个理论问题,也是具有重要意义的实践问题。因此,推进马克思主义时代化,是一项复杂的系统性工程,既包括深入细致的理论工作,也包括稳步推进的实践工作,我们需要把两者结合起来,在理论和实践的互动中综合考量多种相关因素以求顺利推进。在深入阐释马克思主义时代化科学内涵的基础上,分析推进马克思主义时代化的重要性和必要性,总结其时代意义,进而探讨马克思主义时代化的路径选择。     

The exoskeleton generation – disability redux

From both ethical and scientific standpoints, disability is increasingly seen as a state within which a person is both entitled to be and capable of being remediated. Legal and ethical acceptance of disability has taken place at the same time as rapid scientific developments which present major tensions in how we understand disability and social inclusion. This article explores some of the implications of these developments.     

家庭资本对大学生专业选择影响的调查研究——基于教育公平视角

运用问卷调查法对西南地区6所不同类型高等学校2013年招收的1000名大一学生进行抽样调查,调查发现：大学生专业选择受家庭资本的影响,并且家庭资本一定程度上影响了大学生专业选择的公平性,高资本家庭的学生由于家庭在经济、文化和社会上的优势,更多地就读于经济管理学科、工科等就业率和收入都较高的专业;低家庭资本的学生更多地就读于医科、文科、理科等目前就业较困难或收入较低的专业。因此,消除家庭资本对大学生专业选择影响上的不公平性,要完善高等教育资助体系,减少低经济资本家庭学生负担;加强信息援助,保障低文化资本家庭学生专业知情权;营造公平环境,消除高家庭社会资本在专业选择上的干扰因素。     

传导机制·行为反应:兼论我国财政政策的有效性

财政政策的有效性取决于传导机制,尤其是传导机制中微观主体的反应及其行为调整,财政政策工具的有效性是体制约束、微观主体数量、消费倾向、预算约束、信息传递效率与政策工具作用时间的函数。在此基础上,我们重新解释了积极财政政策失灵的原因,并对稳健的财政政策工具选择问题进行了初步探索。     

高职高专英语课程教材选用刍议

根据我国高职高专院校当前英语课程教学的现状和英语课程教材选用的实际,提出让全体教师参与教材选用过程和有序开展教材更换工作的选用原则,并通过建立英语教材的评估原则,为教材选用把关。为进一步提高我国高职高专英语课程教学质量和水平做好基础工作。     

我国司法改革的选择

我国司法改革面临四大核心问题 :司法权是中央化还是地方化 ,是制度改革还是技术改革 ,是立足国情还是强调接轨 ,是统一推进还是各自为政。根据我国司法改革所处的历史社会背景和现有的社会体制 ,以及我国司法体制的现状 ,笔者认为 :我国司法改革的必然选择是 ,在全国统一规划和领导的前提下 ,有计划、分阶段地实行自上而下的渐进式改革 ,改革的目标是建立有限独立的司法体制和制度     

人的全面发展与道德人格的培养

道德人格在人的全面发展中起着决定性的作用。为此 ,在明确人的全面发展、人格、道德人格涵义的基础上 ,着力从重视道德需要、道德认知的养成、道德选择和自由的实现、加强自我修养等方面对道德人格的培养进行初步的理论探讨