De‐Biasing the Reporting Bias in Social Media Analytics

User‐generated contents (UGC) in social media such as online reviews are inherently incomplete since we do not capture the opinions of users who do not write a review. These silent users may be systematically different than those who speak up. Such differences can be driven by users’ differing sentiments toward their shopping experiences as well as their disposition to generate UGC. Overlooking silent users’ opinions can result in a reporting bias. We develop a method to model users’ UGC generating process and then rectify this bias through an inverse probability weighting (IPW) approach. In the context of users’ movie review activities at Blockbuster.com, our results show that the average probability for a customer to post a review is 0.06 when the customer is unsatisfied with a movie, 0.23 when indifferent, and 0.32 when satisfied. The distribution of user's reporting probability with positive experience first‐order stochastically dominates the one with negative experience. Our approach provides a realistic solution for business managers to properly utilize incomplete UGC.     

试论《中国日报》和《21世纪报》的新闻报道差异

《中国日报》和《21世纪报》是两份在大学校园中阅读率较高的英文报纸,但是调查显示,大学生在利用这两份报纸,尤其是在阅读新闻报道时对两者的差异没有较全面的把握。就两份报纸在新闻价值、新闻报道方式、国内新闻报道选题、政治倾向、新闻标题特点等方面的差异进行比较,认为《中国日报》具有注重严肃话题、采用客观报道的方式、重视国内新闻报道、政治倾向明显、标题语言和文体比较正式等特点,而《21世纪报》则注重提供学习资源,很少涉及政治话题,一般不对政事发表明确的态度,标题新颖诙谐。分析的目的在于为广大读者提供有益的启示,指导其更好地利用这两份报纸。     

社会转型中的预测性报道刍议

预测性报道,作为新闻媒体深度报道的方式之一,满足的是公众把握未来的前瞻性信息需求。转型社会的变动不居,使预测性报道获得了很大的发展空间。在中国社会转型加速期,适应当前社会的特点与要求,预测性报道的功能在演进,报道重心、报道方法及要求也发生着明显的改变。     

Reporting on Children’s Well-being: The State of London’s Children Reports

Monitoring and reporting on the well-being of children has a central role to play in the development of policies to improve children's lives. This paper uses two reports on child well-being – the State of London's Children Reports – as exemplars to show how regular reporting on children can be linked to planning and policy-making in an urban environment. The paper describes how the some of the themes and key findings from the State of London's Children Reports are being taken forward through policies to improve the lives of London children. The paper also draws on the process of researching and writing the reports in a discussion of some broader issues relating to child well-being measurement, focusing particularly on the integration of children's own conceptions of their well-being within the processes of indicator development and reporting. The author proposes that children's perspectives on what constitutes their well-being should be integrated alongside and together with more adult-oriented measures; and that work to involve children in child well-being development should make a clear contribution to policies which are aimed at improving the lives of children.     

关于宣传报道先进人物的舆论导向问题

先进人物是时代的楷模、世人的榜样 ,他们以其自身的行为赢得了社会的广泛赞誉 ;社会对先进人物的褒奖过多地侧重于他们的精神品格 ,使现实中的先进人物没有成为物质上最富裕的一个群体 ,削弱了先进人物的社会感召力 ;目前宣传报道先进人物中“鞭打快牛”的现状 ,既不利于先进人物自身的发展 ,也无助于建立进一步产生先进的机制。宣传报道先进人物的舆论导向 ,应利于促成每个人都争做先进的制度的建立 ,并形成使这一制度有效运转的机制     

论《红色中华》报的报道重心及特色

《红色中华》是中华苏维埃共和国临时中央政府的机关报。根据党和红军在当时江西苏区的特殊任务,《红色中华》报道重心集中在刊登政府文件、宣传抗敌壮举、揭露敌人暴行和动员支援前线四个方面。在报道的过程中,体现出了鲜明的导向性、强烈的鼓动性、文风的生动性和尖锐的批评性等特色。因而,在极度困难的条件下,把新闻宣传工作的效能发挥到了极致,为中国共产党创造了一份弥足珍贵的精神遗产。     

基于四因素论的财务报告变革研究

为探讨不同时期财务报告系统的变革,采用文献分析和历史分析法,对手工财务报告系统、仿真手工的电算化财务报告系统和供给方主导的财务报告系统进行四因素分析,指出财务报告系统是以需求主导的个性化财务报告,并对其可能形式进行了探讨。     

Communicating about corporate social responsibility: A comparative study of CSR reporting in Australia and Slovenia

This paper examines how two countries on opposite sides of the world, Australia and Slovenia, are addressing corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting issues. The authors see reporting as an important communication tool or channel which can ensure greater corporate transparency and enable a better engagement with multiple stakeholders. The paper aims to provide a review and a comparison of the CSR guidelines and reporting standards in both countries by which this communication is guided. In both countries, reporting is largely voluntary and appears to be driven by market pressures. However, differences appear in national culture as a driver with product, management and financial considerations influencing Australian reporting whereas Slovenian reporting is shaped by employee, community and environmental concerns. From Australian and Slovenian perspectives it seems to be important to increase reporting incentives in both countries and to connect and compare them to global reporting requirements.     

Organizational factors affecting the incident reporting of train drivers

The under-reporting of accidents and incidents is well established as a substantial problem across industries; however, few studies have specifically examined employees' reasons for failing to report. This study investigates the factors affecting incident reporting by train drivers (n = 128) in three different areas of British Rail (the company that operated the railway network in Britain, prior to its privatization in 1994). Drivers completed a questionnaire rating their likelihood of reporting a number of hazardous incidents and giving their reasons for not reporting them. Intention not to report incidents was predicted by 'managers take no notice' of reports and the interaction between 'just part of the day's work' and 'nothing would get done'. It is concluded that incident reporting is most influenced by the way that drivers perceive managers' reactions to reports. In addition, the three areas differed significantly in their likelihood of reporting incidents, suggesting that the local subculture has an important influence on intentions to report, with negative perceptions of managers' attitudes suppressing the reporting of incidents.     

Environmental Surveillance at Los Alamos: An Independent Reassessment of Historical Data

Since 1971, a series of annual Environmental Surveillance ... reports have served as the official public record of Los Alamos National Laboratory's (LANL) environmental performance. In northern New Mexico, where past LANL emissions are a public health concern, there is public skepticism over the accuracy of information contained in these reports. To test the hypothesis that LANL Environmental Surveillance ... reports systematically understate past emissions, we compared the data on releases in LANL's own internal Occurrence Reports Collection (ORC) to the data reported to the public in the Environmental Surveillance ... reports. A data set of 89 environmental occurrences recorded in the ORC in the time period from 1971 through 1980 was assembled. We did not find a systematic pattern of quantitative underreporting of source terms. However, 17 of the 89 (19%) environmental occurrences recorded in the ORC were not reported to the public in the Environmental Surveillance ... reports. The observed discrepancies are discussed in terms of their relevance to public health concerns. Methodological caveats dictate restraint in applying these findings beyond the scope of the relative comparison performed here. Possible social origins for the rejected hypothesis are discussed. Areas for further consideration by the Centers for Disease Control's dose reconstruction study of LANL are identified.