城乡文化冲突下的“农民工”形象叙事研究

当下文学受社会农民工潮流的影响,对进城农民的描写形成一个创作的潮流。当下小说从不同的角度以及不同的场景设置,构成了相对完整的农民工形象心理流变的历程图。作家并没有单纯描摹进城农民生存境遇,而是把农民工放在城市与乡村两种文化的冲突下,进行叙述,展现了进城农民在两种文化夹缝中的精神世界。     

Freedom or Folly? Canadians and the Consumption of Online Health Information

The concept of e-health has come to assume a key place within a larger Canadian governmental discourse that lauds the benefits of supplying Internet-based services to as wide an audience as possible. In order to fulfil its vision of a connected public accessing services cheaply and easily through electronic media, the federal government has assumed that the potential exists for all Canadians to use the Internet and has done its best to achieve this result through programmes aimed at ameliorating accessibility issues. There is particular enthusiasm over the possibility of moving some health services online, thus reducing costs incurred through personal patient-practitioner meetings while ostensibly creating more informed, proactive and healthy Canadians. This paper discusses whether or not the enthusiasm of the government, and of individual users, regarding e-health practices is merited, focussing particularly on the consumption of online health information by patients. Numerous consequences and conflicts can accompany such practices, but this paper specifically addresses the negative aspects of promoting informed health choices through a medium inaccessible to all members of Canadian society, such as the aged, the poor, rural dwellers and some ethnic minorities. The paper also assesses the potential risks of acting upon incorrect information provided online and addresses the possibility that health professionals' workloads will increase rather than decrease. However, as this paper also notes, e-health does contain potential for improving the delivery of medical services in Canada if contained within clearly defined parameters, and if alternatives still exist for those who cannot or will not benefit from such technology.     

从数字鸿沟到数字机遇

随着信息时代的产业格局以及全球化分工的逐渐分明,发展不均衡造成的数字鸿沟问题也逐渐凸现。图书馆在消除数字鸿沟中将起到核心作用。利用信息资源共享机制、快捷的网络等各种优势,图书馆将在提高全民信息素养、缩小数字鸿沟、创造数字机遇中扮演重要角色。     

四色猜想——四色定理

在完全平面图中引进顶点分割与合并的概念,根据完全平面图的特征,对其顶点数采用归纳法证明了平面图是四可着色的。     

Not for everyone: intra-organisational divides and the stratification of access to work–life policies

Prior research documented a number of factors pertaining to employees or to organisational cultures that can prevent employees from accessing employer-driven work–life policies (WLP). Our study focuses on factors originating in the jobs themselves. We conducted 98 in-depth employee interviews in two multinational companies based in Europe and led feedback sessions with human resources executives. Three mechanisms explained the observed stratification of access to WLP across jobs: (1) the intra-organisational digital divide prevented ‘less digital’ employees from collecting information about WLP on the intranet and thus impaired awareness of the policies; (2) the divide in worksite size prevented employees on smaller worksites from accessing childcare centres, sports or health facilities and (3) the divide in job types restricted access to WLP for specific occupations. The stratification of access to WLP was not strategically driven by human resources; rather the divides were largely unintentional. Our study uncovers inequalities of access originating in the jobs themselves and provides a theoretical integration of the various sets of factors that may promote or hinder employee awareness of WLP. Our findings suggest that organisations should strive to identify these inequalities and to provide ways to cope for these, for instance by offering other forms of support.     

Do the rich get digitally richer? Quantity and quality of support for digital engagement

This paper asks what predicts having access to and using social support networks that might help an individual in using the Internet. Following the course taken by the digital divide or digital inclusion research, this paper uses socio-cultural, socio-economic, social, and digital indicators to predict access to and the type of potential and actual social support networks that might help an individual in using the Internet. In addition, the paper examines the quality of the support received which is neglected in most investigations that mainly focus on quantitative indicators of support. The study draws on a representative survey conducted in the Netherlands; 1149 responses were obtained. The results show that while there are no real inequalities in access to and use of support, the quality of the support that people access is unequally distributed replicating existing patterns of disadvantage. Thus, access to support is another level at which the digital divide manifests and strengthens itself. Those who experience most problems online also seem to have the most difficulty obtaining high-quality support even when it is available, creating an even larger ‘gap’ between those who do and do not need support.     

Technological capital and digital divide among young people: an intersectional approach

This article explores the digital divide among young people in Spain by examining four traditional socio-demographic variables (gender, age, education and employment situation). It proposes the concept of ‘technological capital’ as a means to put people’s socioeconomic conditions of existence into relation with the different forms of accessing and using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Methodologically, a quantitative approach is taken, based on the National Statistics Institute’s survey of ICT Equipment in households, which makes use of both bivariate and multivariate analysis. Finally, a typology of young users of the Internet is proposed (1 – Digitally Excluded; 2 – Basic Users; 3 – Users in Mobility; 4 – Cyber Consumers; 5 – Cyber Experts) which takes into account the importance of technological capital, the socio-economic position and cultural resources of subjects in their incorporation of ICTs into their daily life.     

关于动态的矛盾的发展过程及其一分为三思想——黑格尔逻辑学“一分为三”思想研究（之三）

黑格尔哲学逻辑学之研究对象的动态的矛盾的发展过程,主要是关于矛盾,中介,质、量、度和量变———质变———量变的关系,肯定———否定———否定之否定,圆圈运动或螺旋运动,其中充满着丰富的一分为三思想。     

成人教育中的信息分化问题

知识经济和信息时代的到来在给成人教育带来诸多益处的同时,也产生了一些弊端。成人教育的信息分化就是其中最明显的一个问题。由于科学和信息技术的发展,人们在向信息社会过渡的过程中对知识的要求越来越高,加之信息社会中知识和信息的半衰期不断缩短,以及不同成人教育实体之间获得信息的渠道、手段、意识、能力的差异,导致信息分化成为成人教育中的一个突出问题。     

数字鸿沟的测度方法及评价

数字鸿沟是一种由于地域、种族、经济状况、教育状况、性别和身体状况等客观条件所导致的一种差异,既包括经济鸿沟、技术鸿沟,也包括知识鸿沟、制度鸿沟等。由于数字鸿沟产生原因的多样性、复杂性,建立测度指标体系和获取相关数据的艰巨性,致使很多学者在定量研究方面知难而退。为加强定量研究,充分挖掘数据资源,分析数字鸿沟产生的根源,思考跨越数字鸿沟的路径,本文选取国内外五种定量研究方法予以简要介绍和评价。