‘I Was Quite Amazed’: Donor Conception and Parent–Child Relationships from the Child's Perspective

Donor conception and parent–child relationships were explored from the child's perspective. At ages 7 and 10, interview data were obtained from children in 31 donor insemination, 28 egg donation and 51 natural conception families. Children were also administered the MacArthur Story Stem Battery and a family map. Children in all family types reported close and affectionate relationships with their parents, irrespective of the lack of a genetic link between the parent and the child. Of those children who were aware of their donor conception at age 10, most demonstrated an understanding of, and had positive feelings about their donor conception.     

Profiling Donors of Blood,Money, and Time

Understanding donor profiles is crucial for donor relationship management. Whereas previous research has focused on profiling blood, money, or time donor segments separately, we define seven donor profiles based on their former donation behavior for blood, money, and time donation and compare them to non‐donors. Relying on representative data from the German Socio Economic Panel, we use an extensive set of characteristics that include sociodemographic, psychographic, health‐related, and geographical measures and simultaneously investigate profiles of donors for single and multiple donation forms and non‐donors by means of a multinomial logistic model. Our results reveal valuable insights for donor acquisition and retention strategies of nonprofit organizations along the identified profiling characteristics of donor segments. By this, our findings help nonprofit organization managers to better target single and multiple donors across three donation forms.     

基于消费者偏好的住宅市场细分研究

文章以消费者购房偏好为视角，以中国大陆房地产开发业相对发达的城市广州为例．通过问卷调查，析出影响消费者购房的偏好因素有建筑设计、物业管理与开发商、户外环境、感知途径、价格与收费、学校、室内装修、位置与交通8项因素，由此将购房者分为追求完美型、崇尚环境型与务实自信型三个类群，并对其进行特征描述。研究表明，中国大陆与欧美国家的消费者在购房偏好方面既有相似，又存不同。     

Donor-Funded Government—NGO Partnership for Public Service Improvement: Cases from India and Pakistan

The paper explores donors' efforts to promote government—NGO partnership for the purpose of improving public services. Following a brief discussion of partnership, two illustrations support a relative definition of partnership and its added value. The examples represent alternative approaches to improving public services through partnership work, the choice of which may depend on (1) the will of the partners to change—particularly government, (2) the preexistence of effective public services, and (3) depth of mobilization and social capital sought. The examples similarly reveal alternative approaches to addressing partnership challenges either bureaucratically or through behavioral norms and organization culture. Implications of donors' participation in such partnerships are highlighted.     

外来语音系学理论及其中国化的路径

外来语音系学是近年来新兴的一个音系学分支,在西方受到了广泛的关注。然而,国内学术界对该研究因重视程度不够而缺乏宽广的国际化视野。围绕“控制外来语的调整过程的语言学机制是什么”这一中心议题,西方学界最近涌现出三大理论观点：感知论、音系论和综合模式论。其中,“综合模式论”可作为大陆研究外来语音系的新模式,由此对复杂的外来语调整过程提供了更为合理和全面的解释。同时应该强调,在吸纳外国理论的过程中,要结合汉语自身的特点来构建中国特色的外来语音系理论,从而对外语习得、汉语音系理论和汉语历史音韵学研究起到推动作用。     

Stochastic compartmental models with birth,death and immigration of particles

A stochastic multi-compartmental system with initial and immigrant particles performing birth and death processes is considered. Moments and approximate solutions for cumulant generating function for the number of particles in various compartments are obtained. Explicit expression have been obtained for the covariance function between the number of particles in any compartment at two different time points. Applications are discussed.     

A Child Wanted by Two,Conceived by Several: Lesbian-Parent Families Negotiating Procreation with a Known Donor

This article presents procreation agreement negotiations and the role played by men taking part as known donors in the parental project of lesbian mothers in the province of Quebec, Canada. Thirty-six individuals were interviewed: 10 female couples, 11 donors, and 5 of the donors’ life partners. The results show that the donors’ contribution takes place within a deliberative process during which the adults involved discuss 5 elements, namely (a) the procreation method selected, (b) the issue of future donations, (c) the forms of address and the role of the donor in the life of the children issuing from his donations, (d) the possible involvement of the donor's loved ones in the life of the lesbian-parent family, and (e) responses to various scenarios that might arise in the future. The negotiation also addresses concerns that those involved might have regarding the children's needs, resulting in a complex web of interpersonal relationships. Our findings show that dialogue is the key unifying factor, ensuring that everyone is in agreement and that the donor's role with respect to the child is in line with the expectations of everyone involved.     

Implementing legislative strengthening programmes: Who is in control?

Over the last few decades, international development (also known as Official Development Assistance (ODA)) has been under attack for its lack of effectiveness. Critiques reflect two conceptual challenges, the nature of expert knowledge and the centrality of local ownership of development initiatives, bounded by the practical constraint of how politically controlled resources from bilateral and international donors will be used. This article examines five implementation strategies, including their strengths and weaknesses, keyed to the level of control asserted by the donor agency. We illustrate our argument through a review of legislative strengthening projects, most of which were funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the United Kingdom's Department for International Development (DFID) in the case of one of the models.     

轿车细分市场中产品线定位的影响因素分析

从市场结构、企业能力和细分市场进入或定位的理论假设出发,基于1999年～2006年中国轿车产业和企业的微观数据,运用文献回顾、经验观察和Logit计量模型工具,结合本土企业与外资企业的行为比较,分析影响细分市场进入的主要因素。研究结果表明,细分市场的集中度越高企业的进入激励越小,企业总体占有率提高后会选择向下扩展产品线,合资企业和本土企业的细分市场定位有显著差异,相互进入会导致产品线的重叠和竞争的恶化,本土企业在实施品牌延伸战略时应避免过早全序列化模式对品牌声誉和市场份额的侵蚀。     

Donor co‐ordination or donor confusion? How disputed facts and problem framing affect the prospects for aid harmonization

A declared commitment in international development assistance is to promote donor co‐ordination. Yet, how this objective plays out in practice, or how feasible and realistic it is, have rarely been evaluated. Using the fisheries sector as a critical case, this article explores whether two major international actors, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Bank, meet the demands of policy harmonization as spelled out in the Paris Declaration on aid effectiveness. Through a systematic qualitative analysis, the article investigates whether the policies of these actors are complementary or contradictory. It also assesses how the potential challenges to harmonization can be understood and what the broader implications for aid and development policies in general might be.