The development of a pilot ‘thinking about relationships prompt sheet’ within an alcohol and other drugs rehabilitation programme

This paper documents the development of a programme component within an alcohol and other drugs residential service. Designed to improve relational competence, this pilot component was designed to have multiple levels of function: from the specific, for example, stimulating residents to formulate and monitor relationally oriented goals, to the more pacific, for example, embedding relationally focused learning as an ongoing rehabilitative concern. Development of the component began with a literature review. After finalising a set of relationship types (friends, siblings, etc.), this review identified three domains: ‘values’, ‘knowledge’ and ‘skills’. To create an initial draft, these categories were populated by items selected from a multi-stage inspection of the relevant literature. This draft was then reviewed by multiple stakeholder groups. Feedback from these consultations resulted in substantial modifications to the initial draft. In addition to the component having a broad-spectrum interventive purpose, the authors propose that this component could play a role in (i) pre-admission assessment and (ii) programme evaluation insofar as data concerning individual residents are aggregated and analysed.     

Predicting the development of dependency on the teacher in late childhood: The role of peer victimization and peer beliefs

Evidence indicates that being overly dependent on the teacher places children's academic and socioemotional development at risk. However, little is known about what predicts dependency on the teacher or how the quality of interactions occurring within the classroom peer system may impact how children relate to their teacher the following school year. The current study tested the proposition that peer victimization may result in negative perceptions of classmates (i.e., peer beliefs), leading to overreliance on teachers. Data were collected from 365 children in the fall and spring of their third/fourth grade year and the fall of their fourth/fifth grade year (195 girls; M_age = 8.92 years; 86.8% white). Peer-reports of peer victimization and self-reports of peer beliefs were collected at each wave of the study. Teacher-reports of dependency were collected in the fall of the first and second years of the study. Path analyses showed that for boys peer victimization directly predicted higher levels of dependency on the next year's teacher, and, for boys and girls, peer victimization indirectly predicted dependency through lower levels of prosocial peer beliefs. Supplemental analyses assessing teacher-child conflict and closeness confirmed that findings were unique to dependency. These results underscore how children's perceptions of their classmates may contribute to dependency in their relationships with teachers and highlight the need for further research into the transactional and cumulative impact of difficulties within peer and teacher relationships.     

突发公共卫生事件中实施药品专利强制许可的思考

人感染高致病性禽流感疫情在世界多个国家的传播,不仅对社会大众健康产生了威胁,而且更加凸显药品专利保护与公众健康需要之间的矛盾,药品专利强制许可无疑是解决这个矛盾的一条途径。文章对药品专利强制许可的背景、理论进行了分析,指出了目前实施这一许可的障碍,并提出了相应的对策。     

中药注册与专利保护的协同性分析

在新冠肺炎疫情与人类长期共存的国际共识下,以连花清瘟胶囊(颗粒)为代表的抗疫中药成为践行“传承精华,守正创新”新理念的生动实践。基于现阶段最新的政策情势,目前国内关于中药注册与专利保护协同的专题制度已有所涉及,但是仍存在创新标准不适、专利价值低质量及体系衔接错位脱节等现实困境。因此,通过中药连花清瘟系列药品的新药注册与专利保护协同进路的实证分析,提出了专利创造性专属审查、高价值专利培育及注册与专利保护体系链接之中药注册与专利保护协同的构建对策,希冀为新契机下中药产业的高质量协同发展提供实践参考。     

以邻为壑还是富足邻里:中国货币政策对RCEP成员的溢出效应研究

中国是RCEP的核心成员,其货币政策会对其他成员产生外溢性。以MFD框架为指引,基于RCEP成员1998—2020年季度数据,考察了中国货币政策调整对RCEP成员宏观经济和金融市场的影响。研究发现,中国货币政策扩张对RCEP成员的产出有显著的拉动作用,而且贸易联系越紧密拉动作用越大；对RCEP成员的物价水平、利率和汇率具有显著的正向溢出效应。从长期均衡关系来看,中国货币政策对不同贸易依存度成员的影响存在显著差异；从短期溢出效应来看,中国货币政策调整对高贸易依存度成员的宏观经济和低贸易依存度成员的金融市场影响更大。由此,中国在RCEP应更好地发挥系统重要性国家的作用,通过促进区域更高水平的合作来实现RCEP成员高质量共同发展。