双液注浆锚管加固在渗水软弱围岩浅埋偏压隧道中的应用

通过乌坑坝隧道北京端左线冲沟地段的施工实例，介绍渗水软弱围岩浅埋偏压隧道地表双液注浆锚管加固的施工方法，并对加固效果及其优缺点进行分析．     

农村土地制度改革及今后的完善思路

现代中国的农村土地制度进行了三次伟大变革,其基本成果就是现行农村土地制度;这一制度关系国之根本并具有其基本合理性,但也存在某些严重缺陷,应当以高度慎重的态度进行渐进式的改革完善。城乡二元体制是造成农村土地制度严重缺陷的首要根源,应当坚决摒弃。     

高校大学生行为缺失的表现与对策

近些年,大学生行为缺失现象日益突出,本文对当前大学生行为缺失现象加以分析,对当代大学生存在的各种行为缺失现象进行归纳,找出这些现象产生的根源,并为防止这些现象的发生提出相应对策。     

Assessing and Improving the Performance of Nearly Efficient Unit Root Tests in Small Samples

Abstract

The development of unit root tests continues unabated, with many recent contributions using techniques such as generalized least squares (GLS) detrending and recursive detrending to improve the power of the test. In this article, the relation between the seemingly disparate tests is demonstrated by algebraically nesting all of them as ratios of quadratic forms in normal variables. By doing so, and using the exact sampling distribution of the ratio, it is straightforward to compute, examine, and compare the test' critical values and power functions. It is shown that use of GLS detrending parameters other than those recommended in the literature can lead to substantial power improvements. The open and important question regarding the nature of the first observation is addressed. Tests with high power are proposed irrespective of the distribution of the initial observation, which should be of great use in practical applications.     

Analysis of all-zero binomial outcomes with borderline and equilibrium priors

This article is concerned with the analysis of a random sample from a binomial distribution when all the outcomes are zero (or unity). We discuss how elicitation of the prior can be reduced to asking the expert whether (and which of) the so-called borderline or equilibrium priors are plausible.     

Unemployment duration and the measurement of unemployment

We propose a framework in which the welfare bases of various unemployment measures available in the literature can be analyzed and a decomposition of these measures can be made into aggregate unemployment and the concentration of its distribution. A set of axioms for an unemployment measure is then introduced, which relate to the sensitivity of an unemployment measure to the inequality in the distribution of the unemployment. An unemployment measure is derived on the basis of these axioms that captures the distributional considerations in the measurement of unemployment.      

Head Cocoons

ABSTRACT

Listening with the aid of headphones was at the heart of the early radio culture of the 1920s. After those years, however, earphones became the exception as loudspeakers became the norm. For quite some time thereafter, the wiring of hearing was limited to the use of monaural earbuds in situations where the use of loudspeakers would have disturbed others. In West Germany, the binaural headphone started to make a comeback in the late 1960s due to the growing fragmentation of family life along with the widening range of electronic leisure possibilities and the rise of hi-fi culture. It was only at the end of the twentieth century, however, that binaural headphone listening emerged as the dominant culture of listening and caught up with the burgeoning mobile urban life style.

Taking the case of West Germany, this article asks: What is the impact of ear-wiring on social life? And, what new kinds of perception result from headphone listening? It traces how the use of earphones turned from being a static “technique of listening” into a mobile “technique of acoustic privatization.” Ultimately, this article interprets today's portable headphones as “head cocoons” that enable mobile listeners to actively carve out sonic privacy while on the move.     

中国的信息本体论研究

中国学者独立开展的信息哲学研究已逾30年,其中关于信息本体论问题的研究尤为突出。最具影响力和被广泛讨论的观点有:属性论、反映论、关系论、中介论和物质自身显示的间接存在论。在这些相关理论中尤以西安交通大学邬焜教授提出的物质自身显示的间接存在论理论最为系统化。正是邬焜教授相关理论的提出,将信息概念作为哲学的最基本范畴之一引入了哲学,使信息哲学成为一种真正意义上的区别于其它已有哲学的元哲学或最高哲学,从根本上改变了哲学基本问题的具体表述方式,实现了人类哲学的第一次根本转向。     

On shrinkage m-estimators of location parameters

For a general class of continuous ( and marginally symmetric ) inultivariate distributions, based on suitable M-statistics ( involving bounded but possibly discontinuous score generating functions), shrinkage estimators of location are considered. These estimators are based on the James-Stein type rule and incorporates the idea of preliminary test estimation too. The main emphasis is laid on the study of asymptotic tdistributional ) risk properties of these est-innators, and asymptotic tin-) adraissibility results are also studied under fairly general regularity conditions.     

On Comparison Of Estimates Of Dispersion Using Generalized Pitman Nearness Criterion

In this paper, estimates QP dispersion matrix and its functions are compared based on generalized Pitman nearness criterion, Various Iosa functions are considered for the purpose. Locally superior estimates are defined and obtained. Comparison of these estimates are made with other standard ones. It is snown that within certain classes, defined in the paper, these are the best estimatcrs ia the generalized Fitman nearness sense