A Framework for Analyzing the Economic Tradeoffs Between Urban Commerce and Security Against Terrorism

This article presents a framework for economic consequence analysis of terrorism countermeasures. It specifies major categories of direct and indirect costs, benefits, spillover effects, and transfer payments that must be estimated in a comprehensive assessment. It develops a spreadsheet tool for data collection, storage, and refinement, as well as estimation of the various components of the necessary economic accounts. It also illustrates the usefulness of the framework in the first assessment of the tradeoffs between enhanced security and changes in commercial activity in an urban area, with explicit attention to the role of spillover effects. The article also contributes a practical user interface to the model for emergency managers.     

论高校经济责任审计

近年来,高校腐败现象时有发生,腐败案件呈现多发态势,高校领导干部的经济责任审计作为新时期干部监督管理的重要组成部分,对加强高校的党风廉政建设,改善经济管理,提高办学效益,正发挥越来越重要的作用。通过对高校经济责任审计现状与存在主要问题的剖析,从完善法律法规、规范评价标准、审计关口前移、加强队伍建设、组织协调配合、建立审计成果共享制度等方面提出了完善经济责任审计的建议和对策,在高校建立一套科学合理的经济责任审计长效机制,进一步推进高校经济责任审计工作的开展。     

汉语不平等同义并列式双音词研究

目前,语法学界对汉语同义并列式双音词构词法的分析只到"并列"为止,没有进一步深入探讨这两个语素是怎样的并列状态。笔者认为同义并列式双音词的两个语素地位并不是绝对平等的,据此,可以把不平等同义并列式双音词分为三种类型———后限定式、前限定式、附加式。前、后限定式的不平等同义并列分别与偏正、动补结构在表意上具有相同的作用,这种跨结构的表意上的一致性,归根到底是为了适应汉语双音化和表意精确化的要求。     

Exploring gaps in the online economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in Korea

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the difference in the online economic activities of people with and without disabilities in Korea. We conducted a multiple regression analysis to investigate the impact of socioeconomic characteristics, internet access, and internet skills on online economic activities. Our sample, based on a 2016 dataset that included 1554 people with disabilities and 6004 people without disabilities, was developed using quota sampling based on gender, age, and residence. We determined that individuals with disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they had higher levels of education, lived in urban areas, were employed, or had greater internet skills. Individuals without disabilities were more likely to engage in online economic activities if they were women, had higher levels of education, were employed, lived in a two-generation or more household, or had greater internet skills. For both people with and without disabilities, the level of education, employment status, and internet skills positively contribute to online economic activites. We also determined that education level, participation in economic activity, living in a two-generation or more household, and internet skills had a statistically significant influence on online economic activity for people both with and without disabilities. These results highlight the importance of education and internet training for people with disabilities, as well as social support systems that help them learn to use the internet in diverse ways through both formal and informal networks. The study also underscores the importance of information and communications technology that adequately addresses people’s needs.     

语言全球化背景下外语教育的经济学思考

语言全球化表现为语言濒危全球化和英语霸权全球化。语言是一种人力资本,外语教育是一种经济投资。适应英语全球化发展要求,改变中国"费时低效"的外语教育现状,加速中国的经济发展,就必须重视外语教育的经济投资与经济效益。以语言全球化和外语教育现状为现实出发点,以经济语言学理论为指导,采用定性分析的方法,探讨从语言经济学的角度发展外语教育的现实意义,提出改革中国外语教育的可行性对策。     

新时期贪污贿赂犯罪防控问题研究——基于法经济学视角的实证分析

贪污贿赂犯罪人员利用职权谋取私利具有经济学理性特征，因此，其行为必然遵从经济学的基本法则。用经济分析的方法研究了贪污贿赂犯罪的产生机理，探讨了贪污贿赂犯罪的预防措施。基于犯罪经济成本收益理论，通过实证分析，认为应增大犯罪成本，控制犯罪收益，以有效预防和减少贪污贿赂犯罪。     

分数阶长短波方程的整体光滑解

本文研究了分数阶长短波方程组的周期初边值问题,运用一致先验估计和Galerkin方法证明了分数阶长短波方程整体光滑解的存在性和唯一性.     

基于熵理论的河北省可持续发展水平评价研究

根据2000—2009年国家统计年鉴中河北省的有关数据，选取有代表性的指标，构造评价可持续发展水平的指标体系，并采用熵理论确定各指标的权重，以观察近10年来河北省经济社会可持续发展的具体情况。实证研究结果表明：河北省正逐渐迈向可持续发展的道路,但任重道远。根据省际具体情况，在实证研究的基础上，就河北省经济社会的长期可持续发展提出了若干建议。     

从农村基层民主制度运行成本看当前农民政治冷漠的根本原因

我国农村基层民主近年来在广度和深度上都得到了较大发展。但是,在这种发展的表象背后,却隐藏着农民政治冷漠的客观真象。对此,既有的"复合因果论"具有一定解释力,但也有值得补遗之处。农村基层民主制度运行成本与运行绩效的不对称、农民个体承担的基层民主制度运行成本过高才是导致当前农民政治冷漠的根本原因。     

Modeling the Adenoma and Serrated Pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA)

Several colorectal cancer (CRC) screening models have been developed describing the progression of adenomas to CRC. Currently, there is increasing evidence that serrated lesions can also develop into CRC. It is not clear whether screening tests have the same test characteristics for serrated lesions as for adenomas, but lower sensitivities have been suggested. Models that ignore this type of colorectal lesions may provide overly optimistic predictions of the screen‐induced reduction in CRC incidence. To address this issue, we have developed the Adenoma and Serrated pathway to Colorectal CAncer (ASCCA) model that includes the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and the serrated pathway to CRC as well as characteristics of colorectal lesions. The model structure and the calibration procedure are described in detail. Calibration resulted in 19 parameter sets for the adenoma‐carcinoma pathway and 13 for the serrated pathway that match the age‐ and sex‐specific adenoma and serrated lesion prevalence in the COlonoscopy versus COlonography Screening (COCOS) trial, Dutch CRC incidence and mortality rates, and a number of other intermediate outcomes concerning characteristics of colorectal lesions. As an example, we simulated outcomes for a biennial fecal immunochemical test screening program and a hypothetical one‐time colonoscopy screening program. Inclusion of the serrated pathway influenced the predicted effectiveness of screening when serrated lesions are associated with lower screening test sensitivity or when they are not removed. To our knowledge, this is the first model that explicitly includes the serrated pathway and characteristics of colorectal lesions. It is suitable for the evaluation of the (cost)effectiveness of potential screening strategies for CRC.