社会化媒体中公共危机事件的传播动力研究——以昆明暴力恐怖袭击案为例

社会化媒体以其独特的信息交互方式,在短时间内吸引了大量用户.在公共危机事件的信息演化过程中,社会化媒体已经成为社会公众搜索信息、分享信息、传播信息、交换意见以及表达情绪的重要交流平台.在这种传播语境下,从行动者的个体层面研究用户的行为动机及表现特性,从信息层面探究集体意见集合的发生过程与公共危机事件的演化机理,无疑具有重要现实意义.昆明暴力恐怖袭击案发生后的连锁反映充分证明有效运用社会化媒体有利于政府处理公共危机事件.     

朱元璋阅读活动论略

明朝开国皇帝朱元璋崇儒尚学,热爱阅读.他不仅重视对图书的收藏,更能够身体力行地广泛阅读,勤于钻研.他的阅读观念和思想也对明朝的建立和巩固产生了重要影响.     

试论大学生科技活动中的人文素质教育

大学 生 科技 活 动,是高 校培 养 创新 人 才的 重要 组成 部 分,是 对课 堂理 论教 学 的有 益 补充 。科 技与 人 文素 质 的错 综复 杂关系 是,科技 进 步与 人 文素 质进 步 必须 协调 发 展、才能 为人 类 带来 幸 福而 不是 灾难 。 人文 素 质教 育,有助 于 大学 生 文理 素质 的交融 ,有 助于 发 展大 学 生的 非智 力 素质 ,有 助 于培 养大 学生 牢 固的 社 会责 任感 。 加强 大学 生 科技 活动 中 的人 文素 质 教育 ,必 须要运 用人 文 精神 激发 大 学生 求 知动 力,要运 用人 文 精神 培养 大 学生 的科 学 道德 观,要运 用 教师 人格 的 力量 培养 大 学生 的科 学观念 ,要 加强 大学 生 科技 研 究方 法的 指 导。     

智力心理活动的矛盾结构论要

要具体回答智力心理活动的矛盾结构 ,必须科学地划分心理活动及其要素 ;以心理活动的反映对象为根据 ,把心理活动及其要素划分为认知心理活动及其要素和价值心理活动及其要素 ;认知心理活动和价值心理活动的对立统一 ,构成了智力心理活动的矛盾结构 ;认知心理活动是智力心理活动的基础和必要条件 ,价值心理活动是智力心理活动的主导和充要条件 ;欧美各种智力结构理论 ,弃本求末 ,近于烦琐哲学 ;智力矛盾结构论的确立 ,必将对实验心理学、学校教育、人力资源开发和创新活动发挥更大推动作用     

Determining Process Death Based on Censored Activity Data

This article addresses the problem of estimating the time of apparent death in a binary stochastic process. We show that, when only censored data are available, a fitted logistic regression model may estimate the time of death incorrectly. We improve this estimation by utilizing discrete-event simulation to produce simulated complete time series data. The proposed methodology may be applied to situations where time of death cannot be formally determined and has to be estimated based on prolonged inactivity. As an illustration, we use observed monthly activity patterns from 300 real Open Source Software development projects sampled from Sourceforge.net.     

Applying a Treatment Effects Model to Investigate Public Amenity Effect on Physical Activity of the Elderly

The increasing elderly population puts significant health, economic, and social burdens on society. Physical activity is one of the most cost-effective ways to maintain the health of the elderly. This study adopts a treatment effects model to investigate the causal relationship between environment attributes and physical activity among the elderly, while taking endogeneity into account. The data were collected from 274 participants by face-to-face interviews in Taichung, Taiwan. Performing physical activity regularly in parks is the most important measure of the amount of physical activity by the elderly. Providing sufficient and accessible parks in metropolitan residential neighborhoods could be one of the most cost-effective ways to promote physical activity for the elderly living in midsize Asian cities.     

Let's Call it Quits: Break‐Even Effects in the Decision to Stop Taking Risks

“Chasing” behavior, whereby individuals, driven by a desire to break even, continue a risky activity (RA) despite incurring large losses, is a commonly observed phenomenon. We examine whether the desire to break even plays a wider role in decisions to stop engaging in financially motivated RA in a naturalistic setting. We test hypotheses, motivated by this research question, using a large data set: 707,152 transactions of 5,379 individual financial market spread traders between September 2004 and April 2013. The results indicate strong effects of changes in wealth around the break‐even point on the decision to cease an RA. An important mediating factor was the individual's historical long‐term performance. Those with a more profitable trading history were less affected by a fall in cash balance below the break‐even point compared to those who had been less profitable. We observe that break‐even points play an important role in the decision of nonpathological risk takers to stop RAs. It is possible, therefore, that these nonpathological cognitive processes, when occurring in extrema, may result in pathological gambling behavior such as “chasing.” Our data set focuses on RAs in financial markets and, consequently, we discuss the implications for institutions and regulators in the effective management of risk taking in markets. We also suggest that there may be a need to consider carefully the nature and role of “break‐even points” associated with a broader range of nonfinancially‐focused risk‐taking activities, such as smoking and substance abuse.     

Is emergency preparedness a ‘disaster’ for people with disabilities in the US? Results from the 2006–2012 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

This study compared emergency preparedness of people with activity limitations, with limitations who use specialized equipment, and with mental health conditions with that of people without these disabilities. Results of chi-square analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that people with activity limitations and/or mental health conditions were significantly less prepared for emergencies than people who used specialized equipment or persons without disabilities. Having an activity limitation and/or severe mental health conditions, and being non-white, uncoupled, female, and below the poverty line increases the likelihood of not being prepared. Suggestions for increasing preparedness related to training and policy development were discussed.     

Perceptions of participants and staff of implementing a physical activity program in rural primary care

Addressing the lack of physical activity (PA) in rural adults is vital because of the role it plays in the risk for many chronic diseases. The purpose of the study was to explore the feasibility of conducting a 12-week intervention utilizing a Fitbit to increase PA behavior in inactive rural adults recruited from a primary care clinic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with study participants (n=10) and a focus group was held with nurses (n=7) from the primary care clinic. Data were analyzed using the process of immersion/crystallization. Participants and nurses both felt the program had a positive impact on PA and that the program was needed in the community. Study participants most often reported their favorite part of the study was being able to track their activity as well as the goal setting. However, study participants reported barriers to continued participation in PA related to a lack of time and ability to be active in cold weather. Further, nursing staff reported barriers in regard to a lack of resources (staffing and money) These barriers need to be examined further and addressed in order to implement a sustainable PA program that can be maintained through a primary care clinic.     

高校开展咏唱爱国主义歌曲活动的意义和经验分析——以祖国七十大庆高校开展咏唱爱国主义歌曲活动为例

爱国主义歌曲作为对祖国抒发赞颂之情的歌曲,是“光荣颂”“欢乐颂”“祝福颂”的有机统一,是培育和践行社会主义核心价值观的重要载体。从精神价值而言,爱国主义歌曲具有社会公共性、历史恒久性、无比崇高性。高校开展咏唱爱国主义歌曲活动,能增进学生对祖国的自豪之情,提升其民族自信,激发其报国之志。高校开展咏唱爱国主义歌曲活动,即要精选优异的爱国主义歌曲音乐本体,又要注重发挥高校教师的带头作用,还要加强学校各级组织机构和辅导员队伍的引领作用。高校党政领导对这类歌咏活动要进一步提高认识站位、增强重视程度、加强条件支持。