Assessing Overweight,Obesity, Diet,and Physical Activity in College Students

Abstract

The authors surveyed 738 college students aged 18 to 27 years to assess overweight, obesity, dietary habits, and physical activity. They used BMI (body mass index) > 25 kg/m² or BMI > 85th percentile and BMI > 30 kg/m¹ or BMI > 95th percentile to estimate overweight and obesity in those aged < 19 years. To define overweight and obesity in those > 20 years, they used BMI > 25 kg/m² and > 30 kg/m². They found overweight rates of 21.6% using BMI directly and 16.2% using BMI percentile and obesity rates of 4.9% using BMI directly and 4.2% using BMI percentile. More than 69% of the participants reported < 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day and more than 67% reported < 20 g of fiber per day; participants reported physical activity on fewer than 3 d/wk. Most college students are not meeting dietary and physical activity guidelines, suggesting the need for prevention interventions and increased understanding of overweight in college students.     

Selected Health Behaviors That Influence College Freshman Weight Change

Objective and Participants: The authors investigated the effect of physical activity (PA), fruit and vegetable intake, and alcohol use on 6-month weight change in 193 college freshmen (78.8% white, 88.2% women, 94.5% on a meal plan). Methods: The authors administered a Web-based survey in fall 2002 (baseline) and spring 2003 (follow-up). Results: There was an overall average weight gain of 2.5 lbs (p < .05), although only 57% reported weight gain (M = 7.1 lbs). Fruit and vegetable intake decreased (p = .034), alcohol use increased (p > .05), and PA was unchanged. Weight gain for students with body mass indexes (BMI) ≥25 kg/m² was nearly twice that of students with BMIs < 25 (p < .05). Students with low-frequency baseline PA were twice as likely to be overweight. Follow-up data showed that students reporting ≥ 4 sessions per week (ie, high frequency) of low-intensity PA were twice as likely to have healthy BMIs as students engaging in low- and moderate-frequency PA. Conclusions: PA interventions should target freshmen with BMIs ≥ 25.     

地方政府危机管理中的媒体引导能力分析

新媒体快速发展和"市民记者"的崛起,冲击了突发事件中地方政府传统的信息发布机制,对地方政府有效应对危机、妥善解决突发性事件构成了新的挑战。文章在剖析危机管理中我国地方政府媒体引导现状及其发展基础上,认为创新社会管理模式,建立"多元主体"的社会治理模式是地方政府有效应对危机的重要途径。     

基于模糊综合评价的城市社区应急管理脆弱性分析

社区应急管理是区域应急体系中的重要组成部分。社区应急管理的基础工作是明晰应急管理中的薄弱环节,采取有效的针对性措施,提高预防与应急能力。文章利用模糊综合评价方法,从人口社会特征、政治与经济、地理与环境、公共管理等四个方面,探讨了影响城市社区应急管理的脆弱性因子,分析了城市社区应急管理脆弱性的识别,为制定有效应急预案提供参考。     

广州城市应急避难场所规划建设与管理研究

城市应急避难场所的建设是构成城市应急管理能力的一个基本要件。应急避难场所提供了灾害后,城市开展救援和城市居民进行自救的一个基本场所,因此,应急避难场所在当下城市灾害频繁发生的背景下显得意义十分重大。文章以广州为例,结合广州特大城市的基本特征,探讨大城市在建设应急避难场所实践中存在的一些问题,以特定案例的实践状况开探求大城市建设应急避难场所的可资借鉴的普遍性经验与规律。     

师范院校书院文化活动育人机制实现途径——以肇庆学院为例

师范院校书院实行的具有师范特色的书院制管理模式,其文化活动建设和育人模式的选择,将直接影响书院价值、学生素质和人才培养质量.在对肇庆学院书院进行实地调查的基础上,分析书院管理中学生的现状及存在的问题等,应结合书院文化活动育人机制,提出具有书院师范特色文化活动的建设思路,充分发挥书院教育优势,设置师范类特色文化活动等,为学生成长成才提供优质平台.     

农民专业合作社财务绩效的影响因素分析——基于浙江省319家农民专业合作社的实地调查

基于国内外学者对于农民专业合作社绩效的理论研究成果,本文从合作社运行机制的基本维度、行为（过程）维度和结果维度等三个维度出发,采用农业部为了解全国农民专业合作社各方面情况而专门制作的具有科学性和实用性的问卷,对浙江省319家农民专业合作社进行了实地调查,最后通过应用因子分析和结构方程模型等研究手段探讨了农民专业合作社财务绩效的影响因素。研究结果表明,农民专业合作社的基本情况、经营活动、治理活动和外部环境对财务绩效有显著的正向影响,其中经营活动的影响较大。最后,基于实证结果,提出了进一步推进合作社财务绩效提升的针对性对策建议。     

Depressed Mood and Sexual Functioning

Abstract

Although some studies have reported substantial correlations between clinical depression and hypoactive sexual desire, thus far only a few studies have addressed the association between depressed mood and different facets of sexuality (such as sexual satisfaction, sexual activity and level of sexual problems) in close relationships. This study sought to fill this gap by examining 198 couples recruited through advertisement. The associations between depressed mood measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and sexuality within one person (actor effects) and between partners (partner effects) were analyzed using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model by Kenny and Cook (1999). Our findings show that actor effects of the BDI score on sexual experiences are somewhat higher than partner effects, and that depressed mood is mainly associated with one's own hyposexual desire, sexual aversion and sexual arousal problems. However, there were no substantial partner effects between depressed mood and sexual arousal problems.     

大学生突发事件应急管理与思想政治教育的互动关系

大学生突发事件应急管理与大学生思想政治教育存在着内在联系。大学生思想政治教育是大学生突发事件应急管理的生命线,参与整个大学生突发事件应急管理体系建设,在应急管理全过程中发挥着预防、整合和提升的重要作用。大学生突发事件应急管理拓宽了大学生思想政治教育的研究领域,促进了思想政治教育的制度化建设,保障了思想政治教育的顺利开展。     

Variables That Differentiate Chronic Fatigue Syndrome from Depression

Abstract

Assessment for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has depended primarily on information obtained through clinical interviews or questionnaire data. The present study used an activity log, which describes patterns of daily behavior, over the course of two days to examine whether differences existed in the pattern, intensity, and qualitative nature of activity among those with CFS, Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and controls. On average, participants in the CFS group spent significantly more time resting than the MDD group or control group. The CFS group spent nearly 2.5 times more than the MDD group and 4 times more than the control group performing low intensity activity. Findings indicated that people with CFS feel fatigued more of the time, find activity to be fatiguing more of the time, and need more rest during activity than people with MDD or healthy controls.