Family business in Russia: the path to middle class?

The paper seeks to explore via a series of interview-based case studies aspects of the emergence of an entrepreneurial middle-class in Russia. The paper notes the origins of those studied in the professional or highly skilled workers in the former Soviet Union. The paper reveals the complexity and fragility of the circumstances of these entrepreneurs and suggests that commentary in both Russia and the West that pins its hopes for social stability on the emergence of a new property owning middle class in Russia are, at best, premature.     

中国近代民族企业家精神探微

中国近代民族企业家精神表现在以振兴民族工业为己任 ,在师夷长技以制夷思想的指导下 ,向外国同行学习 ,将爱国主义思想融入到日常的经营管理活动中 ;不拘一格选拔人才 ,重用人才 ,知人善任 ;以务实的精神不断改革旧制 ,创新观念。     

论中国企业家的素质及其培养机制

现代企业制度的建立离不开企业家这一重要角色 ,现代企业是在企业家的悉心管理下发展的。对于刚刚迈向市场经济轨道的中国企业来说 ,有一个卓越非凡的企业家带头人和一批高素质的企业家队伍更为重要。作为一名合格的企业家必须具备良好的素质 ,以及政治远见、战略头脑、协调艺术、应变能力。目前我国经营管理人员素质较低 ,需要加大对企业家培育的力度。     

我国欠发达地区民营企业家成长环境研究

民营企业家的生成模式可以分为外援生成和内生生成两种。从外援生成来看,扶贫没有形成欠发达地区的内生能力,内迁企业也无法“催生”大量的民营企业家;从内部来看,封闭性的文化及山区地形造成的市场分割,以及人力资本和物质资本的大量外流,大大削弱了欠发达地区内生民营企业家的土壤。但是,外援生成模式的低效性决定了欠发达地区的民营企业家成长模式应该以内生为主。     

涉农上市公司技术创新效率研究

对技术创新的动力机制和影响因素的作用机理进行了分析,利用BCC模型和Malmquist指数从整体和行业两个角度对200家涉农上市公司的技术创新能力进行评价,并利用Tobit面板回归模型分析了影响因素。研究发现,涉农上市公司的综合效率处于非DEA有效状态,整体技术水平仍然较低,食品制造业和农副食品加工业技术水平相对较高,种业水平最低。企业的创新资源配置存在一定不合理。研究还发现,涉农上市公司的企业规模与技术创新效率呈显著倒U型相关,与股权结构、企业家学历、盈利能力和政府补助呈显著正相关。与企业家性别、企业家年龄、企业家技术背景,企业的运营能力、偿债能力和国际化经营没有显著的相关性。     

Pragmatic ex-ante evaluation using an innovative conceptual framework: The case of a high-tech entrepreneurship program for women

Program designers at local project level usually design interventions under conditions of scarce resources and bounded rationality lacking sufficient information about the process and impact mechanisms of the complex social programs they design and implement. This paper proposes a model for pragmatic ex ante evaluation using an innovative conceptual framework for practitioners working in the field to improve gender equality in research and innovation.The presented and applied model is pertinent to the theory-oriented evaluation tradition using a logic frame and a theory of change approach adapted to the special requirements of ex-ante evaluation. The model is illustrated by the case study of a program for the promotion of women entrepreneurship in the STEM fields.It is concluded that in a setting with limited resources and information, ex-ante evaluations should aim at defining clear conditions of proportionality and need to take into account the extent to which contextual factors hinder or facilitate the implementation of a program, and the specific institutional and system mechanisms at play, in order to enable proactive risk management from the beginning.     

Mobile Phones and Entrepreneurial Identity Negotiation by Urban Female Street Traders in Uganda

Mobile phones have been posited as enhancing women's entrepreneurship and gender equality in developing countries, yet empowerment outcomes are unclear. This article considers how women in the gender‐segregated informal economy construct their entrepreneurial identity in relation to mobile phones and the discursive repertoires that marginalize and empower. Using data from interviews with six urban female street traders in Kampala, Uganda, it explores how these repertoires illustrate their sense of self, positioning and belonging to the business community. Normative representations and positioning of female traders can sideline entrepreneurial identity and over‐validate gender identity. But, participants also negotiate entrepreneurial identity construction in response to these marginalizing influences. Although the data demonstrate that participants are equivocal about their entrepreneurial identity or fit in business, some representations are more validating and offer a sense of belonging. The article concludes by highlighting the nuanced opportunities for social change their discursive repertoires may present.     

试论企业家的爱国主义精神与爱国主义教育

中国近代企业家是在实业救国的理想牵引下登上历史舞台的;在中国现代史上,不论是在战争年代还是在和平年代,不论是企业家的义举、善举,还是在企业自身的发展中,中国企业家始终高举爱国主义的伟大旗帜,表现了形式多样,可歌可泣的爱国主义精神.在当前的爱国主义教育中,我们应该宣传和选择企业家的爱国事迹,以期实现爱国主义教育的具体化和形象化.     

试论非公有制经济的社会属性和企业主收入性质

党的十六届三中全会决定放宽非公有制经济的市场准入,给予非公有制同等国民待遇,这意味着非公有制将有个大发展.为了清除对非公有制经济发展的思想障碍,本文从我国非公有制经济产生、发展、作用、地位及其发展趋势,阐述了非公有制经济是社会主义经济的重要组成部分;从非公有制企业主收入分析中得出,非公有制企业主不是剥削阶级,而是建设有中国特色社会主义的建设者.     

从三鹿事件透视企业家的道德血液

企业家身上既流淌着经济的血液,也包含着道德的血液。最近披露的＂三鹿事件＂折射出企业家道德血液的流失。道德因子流失的原因主要在于企业家缺乏诚信、责任、人本意识和敬业精神。