不同民族大学生自我价值感特点研究

用量表法对 397名汉、回、藏、维吾尔等不同民族大学生的自我价值感进行测试 ,结果表明 :各民族在自我价值感各维度上的平均数的高低顺序有一致性 ,即从高到低依次为 :维吾尔族→回族→汉族→藏族 ;男、女大学生在自我价值感大部分维度上的得分有显著的差异     

手机互联网依赖与心理和谐的关系:自尊的中介作用

为探讨大学生手机依赖、自尊和心理和谐的关系,文章采用大学生手机依赖量表、整体自尊量表和大学生心理和谐量表对442名大学生进行测量。结果发现:(1)大学生手机依赖与心理和谐和自尊均显著负相关,心理和谐与自尊显著正相关;(2)高自尊组大学生心理和谐水平均显著高于低自尊组,高手机依赖组大学生心理和谐水平均显著低于低手机依赖组;(3)大学生手机依赖和自尊可以显著预测心理和谐;(4)自尊在手机依赖与心理和谐之间起到中介作用,结构方程模型指标拟合较好。因此,手机依赖通过自尊间接影响心理和谐,进而影响大学生的心理健康,可以通过改善大学生的自尊水平来提高手机依赖者的心理和谐及心理健康水平。     

Tattoos,gender, and well-being among American college students

This research note examines the relationship between survey respondents’ reports of escalating numbers of tattoos and their measured levels of self-esteem, depression, suicide ideation, and reports of one or more suicide attempts. Data were gathered from 2,395 college students attending six American public universities. Results indicate a four-fold higher level of reported suicide attempts among females with four or more tattoos as compared to those with no tattoos, or three or less. Paradoxically, results also indicate a statistically significant elevation in self-esteem within that same group. No other findings and comparisons are statistically significant. These findings are interpreted in light of previous research examining the relationship between tattoos and gender, body image, and deviance.     

简论墨子"尚贤、尚同"思想的实质

墨子要实现兼爱交利的社会理想,采取的治理国家的主要方式是"尚贤"和"尚同",而"尚同"是从社会制度上实现其"尚贤"思想.尚同的思想首先关涉社会、国家的起源问题,除了天子尚无法确定是由何种方式产生,其他各级官吏实际上都是由上而下任命产生的.中国古代的专制政体或中央集权制,是建立在家族等级制度基础之上的,而墨子的尚同原则,是同他的兼爱交利思想不可分割地联系在一起的,与家族等级制正相反.它也可以被看作是集权或专制,但与中国现实社会的专制和集权还不一样,因为其根基不同.     

College Student Psychological Distress: Relationship to Self‐Esteem and Career Decision Self‐Efficacy Beliefs

College students experience a number of stressors, such as adjustment to a new environment, postgraduation planning, and the balancing of changing roles and responsibilities. These stressors may contribute to increased rates of psychological distress that have implications for their educational and career development. The purpose of this study was to extend understanding of the nature of the relationships among psychological distress, self‐esteem, and career decision self‐efficacy (CDSE) beliefs. Results from 292 undergraduate students demonstrated support for the proposed hypotheses. Psychological distress negatively related to self‐esteem and to CDSE. Self‐esteem was positively related to, yet distinct from, CDSE, and both self‐esteem and psychological distress contributed unique variance to the prediction of CDSE. Results highlight the importance of attending to student psychological distress in the provision of career counseling services. Future research that centralizes mental health is needed to better understand relationships among career development processes over time and within diverse student populations.     

Coming of age in Spain: the self-identification, beliefs and self-esteem of the second generation

We review the literature on determinants of ethnic/national self-identities and self-esteem as a prelude to examining these outcomes among a large, statistically representative sample of second generation adolescents in Madrid and Barcelona. While these psycho-social outcomes are malleable, they still represent important dimensions of immigrant adaptation and can have significant consequences both for individual mobility and collective mobilizations. Current theories are largely based on data from the USA and other Anglophone countries. The availability of a new large Spanish survey allows us to test those theories in an entirely different socio-cultural context. The analysis concludes with a structural equations model that summarizes key determinants of national identities and self-esteem among children of immigrants in Spain. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

老边穷地区高中生时间管理倾向特点及相关因素研究

为探讨老边穷地区高中生时间管理倾向的特点,时间管理倾向与学生学业成绩的关系以及自我价值感、成就动机和内外控对时间管理倾向的综合影响,对重庆市城口县270名高中学生的问卷调查表明:(1)高中生在时间效能感上存在显著的年级差异,高一男生的时间价值感水平显著高于高二男生,在高二年级中,女生的时间价值感水平显著高于男生;(2)高中生时间效能感对学业成绩具有一定的预测作用,时间价值感和时间监控观通过时间效能感对学业成绩产生影响;(3)自我价值感、心理控制源和成就动机与时间管理倾向存在显著的相关,自我价值感、心理控制源以成就动机为中介变量对高中生的时间管理倾向产生显著的间接效应.     

赀刑变迁与秦汉政治转折

秦律赀甲、赀盾之制起码起源于春秋,所收为实物而非货币;体现了商鞅变法以后秦以军事立国的政治特点,与秦重农重牧的经济传统相一致,统一以后依然如故。张家山汉简《二年律令》表明,汉律对秦律因革并举,将秦律赀甲、赀盾全部改为罚金,同时扩大了赎刑的施用范围,体现了秦汉由尚武到尚“文”的政治转折,在促进了经济复苏、减轻刑罚的同时,也进一步导致司法不公,弱化了法律惩罚和制止犯罪的功能。     

论尊重与“尊重的教育”

尊重为个体与人类生活所必须,"尊重的教育"更是当代具有重大意义的理论课题与实践课题.本论文分析了"尊重的教育"的理论内涵与前提性问题,指出了"尊重的教育"是兼具目的与过程、感性与理性、认知与行动的教育理论;在理论前提上,笔者分析了"尊重的教育"何以是积极的教育,尊重的逻辑来源以及尊重的价值基础,以期更全面地透视"尊重的教育"的本体内涵.     

Household Work Complexity,Intellectual Functioning,and Self‐Esteem in Men and Women

Using data from a U.S. longitudinal investigation of psychological effects of occupational conditions (a project of the National Institute of Mental Health’s unit on Socioenvironmental Studies), we examined the relationship between the complexity of household work and 2 psychological variables: intellectual flexibility and self‐esteem. Longitudinal reciprocal effects analyses revealed that for men (n = 351) and women (n = 355), more complex household work was associated with increased intellectual flexibility. For women, complex household work was also associated with increased self‐confidence and decreased self‐deprecation. For men, complex household work was associated with decreased self‐confidence. The results are discussed in terms of theories of the cognitive and neurological effects of environmental complexity and of theories of self‐esteem.