Deconstructing divisions: Cultural schismogeneses as sources of creativity in organizations

Drawing on Gregory Bateson's theory of cultural schismogenesis, the authors analyse such processes within two organizations: the Birdwatching and Bird Study Association of Slovenia and VU University Amsterdam. Both cases illustrate internal cultural divisions typical for non-profit organizations whose goals go beyond optimizing financial profits and can thus be interpreted in various, sometimes conflicting, ways. The article demonstrates how organizational members, through continuous processes of creative deconstruction, transform organizations by simultaneously creating both schisms and coalitions. This shows that, although cultural divisions may at first glance seem destructive, they are at the same time sources of creativity that permit organizational renewal and growth.     

More than a method? Organisational ethnography as a way of imagining the social

The authors – two anthropologists and an organisational theorist, all organisational ethnographers – discuss their understanding and practices of organisational ethnography (OE) as a way of imagining and reflect on how similar this understanding may be for young organisational researchers and students in particular. The discussion leads to the conclusion that OE may be regarded as a methodology but that it has a much greater potential when it is reclaiming its roots: to become a mode of doing social science on the meso-level. The discussion is based on an analysis of both historical material and the contemporary learning experiences of teaching OE as more than a method to our students.     

民族志方法与课程研究

民族志作为一种研究方法,走进课程研究领域后,使课程研究在质性研究上迈出了坚实的一步。同时,民族志方法给课程研究带来了转向,即研究方法取向的转向、研究主体的转向和伦理方向的转向。参与观察法、访谈法、实物收集法和情境分析法等是民族志方法在课程研究中的具体运用。     

Deleuze and the grandeur of Palestine: Song of Earth and Resistance

The article re-examines the Deleuzian concept of cartography and opens on the question of that race a fortiori minor called to philosophy and the constitution of an earth. Who are these people? Who are these people who, according to Deleuze, are missing? What is their name and what is their territory? The problem of minorities, “of the missing people”, analysed by Deleuze through Kafka finds a resonance and a quite particular affinity – and in this way a designation and a name – through the struggle of the Palestinian people; deterritorialized, “inferior, dominated, always becoming”. Deleuze’s pro-Palestinian engagement in no way manifests a rupture between philosophy and politics, but establishes itself as the essential correlate of a philosophically dynamic, creative and resistant reflection whose tenor has been constantly written into the realm of politics. After nearly 30 years, Deleuze’s pro-Palestinian positions are today the object of severe criticism, if not a cabal, launched by Eric Marty and Roger-Pol Droit, who aim at exhuming Deleuze’s philosophical corpus in order to extract from it a so-called “anti-Semitic complacency”.     

欧美人类学电影发展史论

发端于十九世纪末的人类学电影肇始于“文化救险”和保护文化“活化石”的目的,后来同应用人类学一起,服务于人类学和文化研究的各个领域,为人类学和比较文化思想的传播作出了巨大贡献。人类学电影滥觞于法国,后流行于欧洲,在美国最后成熟并获极大发展。人类学电影不仅是学术电影,而且影响到了艺术影片,商业影片甚至故事影片的内容与风格。不论对人类学理论的发展和电影理论的发展,它都有着无可比拟的推动力和影响。     

Crafting an Architectural Blueprint: Principles of Design for Ethnographic Research

The purpose of this article is to enrich our conceptual understanding of ethnography through principles of design by offering a blueprint for ethnographic ways of knowing. Drawing on published ethnographic research, this article develops and defines principles of design that help facilitate the process and product of ethnographic research. Through the metaphor of an architectural blueprint, we consider the epistemological value of identifying foundational principles supporting ethnographic research and writing. The architectural blueprint offers a foundation for creating, writing, revising, teaching, and evaluating ethnographic scholarship. The article closes with a discussion of the utility of the metaphor as well as how other metaphors that currently guide ethnographic research could be used in tandem with the blueprint metaphor.     

Gay Men

Summary

This report presents the findings from four ethnographic studies of older gay men (Brown, 1997; Brown, Sarosy, Cook & Quarto, 1997; Cook, 1991; Quarto, 1996; Sarosy, 1996). There were 69 total participants who ranged in age from 36 to 79 years; most were from 50 to 65 years of age. The purpose of these studies was to examine how older gay men have adjusted, psychologically and socially, to their sexual orientation and aging process. Participants reported that they spend 50% time or more with gay friends within their own age cohorts. Many reported being involved with the gay community in some capacity, while about 15% had no involvement with the gay community. Most participants were in regular contact with their families. Most stated that their families were aware of their sexual orientation. Most of the participants reported experiencing discrimination due to sexual orientation, and one third had experienced discrimination within the gay community based on age or ethnicity. With regard to sex life, the studies found an overall lowered frequency of sexual activity. Participants felt that HIV/AIDS has had a devastating impact on older gay men, interrupting the normal aging process for those who have contracted it and prematurely aging those who care for them. The studies' findings identified the qualities of healthy adaptation to aging for older gay males: having satisfying relationship, self-acceptance as one ages, good health, an active life with a variety of interests, and financial security.     

Comfortable and leisurely: Old women on style and dress

Abstract

This article uses wardrobe interviews with women in the ages of 62–94 to explore transitions and continuities during the life course. During interviews the women have defined their style preferences. One categorization favored by several of them was comfortable. Different meanings were attached to this concept. Practical and convenient outfits were described as increasingly important when aging. Garments that did not expose the body—and its changes with aging—were preferred. The informants talked about the importance of feeling at ease, appropriately dressed for the occasion and situation. They were concerned with feeling nice in their outfits but also stressed becoming more laid-back and prioritizing convenience in their later years. All of these examples had to do with comfort and being comfortable. Uncomfortable clothes were too tight, deemed wrong for the occasion, and unwanted sources of self-consciousness and visibility. Transitions in their style of dress had been gradual, slowly adapting to changes in everyday life as well as in their bodies.     

民族志翻译与少数民族文学对外译介——以羌族文学为例

我国少数民族文学对外译介通常以民-汉-外的翻译方式进行,是一种二度翻译,存在着汉语译者和外语译者在视域上的二度融合。在以文化翻译而非语言翻译为取向的少数民族文学对外译介中,民族志翻译借鉴人类学和民俗学口头程式、表演和民族志诗学等理论和方法,在翻译中提供大量的民族志文化信息,充分体现少数民族文学口头性和创造性特点,为少数民族文学对外译介提供新的方法指导和研究视角。       

将开放式实验引入工程制图实验课教学的改革与探讨

开放式实验室是一种引入新观念的新实验室管理形式;它给实验室的管理和教学带来了全新的思路.CAD/CG实验室在工程制图实验课教学中引入了开放式实验室管理方式.该方式是培养学生实践能力和创新能力以及提高学生综合素质的有效方法.