BRANDING,CELEBRITIZATION AND THE LIFESTYLE EXPERT

The lifestyle expert – a figure whose knowledge is tied to the ordinary and the everyday – has emerged as a major cultural authority in recent times. This article examines the role and status of ‘ordinary experts’, such as Martha Stewart and Jamie Oliver, in relation to processes of ‘celebritization’ and branding. Linking these processes to broader shifts around the domestication and privatization of public culture and citizenship, I discuss the branding of lifestyle advice in the context of the emergence of informational capitalism and the growing role of the consumer in providing branded lifestyles with value and meaning. Arguing that the privatized modes of lifestyle consumption modelled by figures like Stewart and Oliver have emerged as a pre-eminent site of social relations, communality and lifestyle ‘activism’, the essay concludes with a discussion of what kind of civic politics might emerge out of this context.     

苏联专家与焦作中马村竖井建设

焦作中马村竖井是20世纪50年代苏联援助中国的156项工程之一,是焦作地区苏联专家人数最多、指导建设时间最长的一项工程。1955年到1958年间,苏联专家在援助中马村竖井过程中曾经发挥过重要作用,同时专家也带来了消极影响,导致了竖井1958年两次淹井事故的发生。两国关系恶化后,苏联专家陆续撤走,这给了中国方面独立自主的机会,最终依靠中国人的智慧和力量制服了英国、日本和苏联三国工程技术人员都无法制服的煤矿地下水灾害。焦作中马村竖井于1970年简易投产。     

引进外专外教的评估考核模式研究初探

文章简要分析了当前高校引进外专外教工作所面临的形势及存在的问题,从充分利用外专外教资源的角度提出了评估当前引进外专外教的评价模式,以供引智工作者参考.     

企业知识交流系统中知识专家的优化选择模型

从隐性知识和显性知识的角度分析了隐性知识对于企业的重要性，认为隐性知识是构成企业核心竞争力的基础，指出了企业内部隐性知识共享的主要途径，对知识专家地图的定义、构成、设计原则以及在知识交流过程中的作用进行了研究，在此基础上以总咨询费用为目标建立了知识专家的优化选择模型，同时兼顾企业知识交流效率，从使员工到达交流系统后必须等待的概率尽量小的角度，建立了相应的目标优化模型，并结合实例进行了计算分析。     

运用"三标一体"教育质量模型,搞好高等学校外专外教管理——从外专外教所反映和要求解决的主要问题谈起

从外籍专家和教师所反映与要求解决的主要问题入手,对运用“三标一体”教育质量模型搞好高等学校外专外教管理应遵循的原则和注意的方法进行了探讨。     

从“洋教习”到“外国专家”——北京大学聘请外籍教师百年回顾

聘用外籍教师是北京大学百年教育中外的独特传统，为北京大学的教育发展发挥了不可替代的重要作用，从晚清时代“京师同文馆”、“京师大学堂”聘请“洋教习”，到今天积极推动实施的综合性“引智工程”，尽管北大在各个历史时期聘用外籍教师的内容，形式及背景，具体功效不尽相同，但都体现了北大教育得风气之先的特色，构筑了北大教育对外开放的体系，这种与生俱来的“历史传统”及其价值经验对于北京大学在经济全球化，教育国际化背景下参与国际人才竞争，创办世界一流大学具有全新的意义和价值。     

Expert and Layperson Perceptions of Ecosystem Risk

This research examines and compares perceptions held by laypeople and ecologists about risks to ecosystems, particularly risk from global climate change (GCC). A survey elicited perceptions of 31 risk characteristics for 13 GCC and 12 non-GCC risks to ecosystems. Factor analysis was used to examine the structure of layperson and expert risk perceptions. Both experts and laypeople tend to perceive GCC risks to ecosystems as less avoidable and more acceptable than risks from other causes. Compared to laypeople's perceptions, though, experts perceived GCC risks to have slightly lower impacts, be less avoidable, more acceptable, and less understandable than non-GCC risks to ecosystems. These findings may help guide efforts to communicate with laypeople about ecological risks from climate change.     

Limits of Knowledge and the Limited Importance of Trust

Perceived risk and related attitudes have been implicated as major factors in many of the difficult policy problems that face modern society (nuclear power, genetically modified food, etc). Experts often argue that no or very small risks are involved; people are still worried. Why? The standard answer is lack of trust. Data on trust and risk perception, however, point to only a weak relationship between the two (r approximately 0.3). It is suggested here that the reason for the surprisingly minor importance of trust is that people believe that there are clear limits to how much science and experts know. Results are presented from studies of risk perception of the public, experts, and politicians. Politicians and members of the public believe that there are many unknown effects of technology and such beliefs were strongly related to their perceived risk. Experts on nuclear waste, on the other hand, seemed to believe that little is unknown in their field of expertise. Regression analyses of risk perception showed the unknown‐effects factor to be a more important explanatory factor than trust for the public and politicians.     

重大环境行政决策的法定程序

重大环境行政决策是指行政机关作出带有全局性、综合性、根本性、长远性、持续性的重大环境事项决定的行为。重大环境行政决策必须符合法定程序。应健全依法进行重大环境行政决策机制,实现行政决策程序法治化,把有效的公众参与和专家论证以及社会风险评估、合法性审查和集体审议讨论决定等确定为重大环境行政决策的法定程序,确保重大环境行政决策法治化、程序正当化。     

论专家对第三人的侵权责任

专家责任既包括专家对与其有合同关系的当事人的责任,又包括与其没有直接合同关系的因信赖其专业知识而受到损害的第三人的责任。专家对第三人所负的责任主要是信息提供者的责任,将其对第三人责任定位于侵权责任更有利于对第三人利益的保护。在我国未来的民法典侵权责任编的制定中对专家责任包括专家对第三人责任作出明确规定,是社会经济生活要求的必然趋势。